Han Yu

TimelineCBDB

1. 796 觀察推官 貞元
2. 799 節度使判官 貞元
3. 802 四門博士 貞元
4. 803 監察御史 貞元
5. 805 法曹參軍 永貞
6. 806 國子博士分司東都 元和
7. 809 都官員外郎 元和
8. 810 縣令 元和
9. 811 職方員外郎 元和
10. 812 太學博士 元和
11. 813 史館修撰 元和
12. 813 比部郎中 元和
13. 814 修撰 元和
14. 814 知制誥 元和
15. 814 考功郎中 元和
16. 816 中書舍人 元和
17. 817 節度使行軍司馬 元和
18. 819 州刺史 元和
19. 819 州刺史 元和
20. 819 州刺史 元和
21. 820 國子祭酒 元和
22. 821 兵部侍郎 長慶
23. 823 兵部侍郎 長慶
24. 823 州刺史 長慶
25. 823 府尹 長慶
26. 823 御史大夫 長慶

Office recordsCBDB

FamilyCBDB

AliasesCBDB

• 文 諡號
• 退之 字
• 韓十八 行第
• 韓吏部 未詳
• 韓文公 未詳
• 韓昌黎 未詳

StatusCBDB

• 書法家
• 詩人
• 文人
• 工於文
• [為官者：文]

AssociationsCBDB

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ExaminationsCBDB

WorksCBDB

Citations

1. [1] Life dates and identity Han Yu is dated to 768–824, with 825 also given for his death, and is described as a Tang essayist, thinker, official, poet, and calligrapher associated with the foremost place among the Eight Masters of the Tang and Song.
   • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The identity fields give Han Yu's birth year as 768 and death year as 825, while the status fields identify him as a calligrapher, poet, writer, and skilled prose author.
   • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The profile dates Han Yu to 768–824, and the biographical entry calls him a notable thinker and writer of the Tang period.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database韓愈 (A003947)The entry gives the name Han Yu, a birth year of 768, a death range spanning late 824 and early 825, and identifies him as a Tang literary figure and foremost of the Eight Masters.
   • WikidataHan Yu (Q318998)The entity is labelled Han Yu and described as a Chinese historian, poet, philosopher, and politician dated 768–824; its Chinese description also calls him a Tang official and writer and foremost of the Eight Masters.
2. [2] Style name and origins Han Yu's style name was Tuizhi and his rank was second; the place traditions include Heyang, Nanyang, and Gaocheng, with Changli as his junwang affiliation.
   • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The names and address fields give Tuizhi, rank information, Gaocheng, Heyang, Changli as ancestral affiliation, and Nanyang.
   • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The profile and biographies give the style name, rank two, Henan Heyang, Dengzhou Nanyang, and Changli affiliations.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database韓愈 (A003947)The place field gives Heyang and the aliases include Han Tuizhi.
3. [3] Posthumous and public names He received the posthumous name Wen and was known as Han Changli, Han Wengong, and Han Libu.
   • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The alternate-name fields give Wen as the posthumous name and list Han Libu, Han Wengong, and Han Changli.
   • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The profile and biographies record Han Libu, Han Changli, Han Wengong, and the posthumous name Wen.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database韓愈 (A003947)The aliases and summary list Han Wengong, Han Libu, Han Changli, and Wen.
   • WikidataHan Yu (Q318998)The alias collection contains the Chinese forms corresponding to Han Wengong, Han Changli, Han Libu, and Wen.
4. [4] Early family and upbringing Han Yu was orphaned young and raised by his elder brother and sister-in-law; his recorded father, brother, and paternal relative were Han Zhongqing, Han Hui, and Han Yunqing.
   • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The biographies state that Han Yu was orphaned young and raised by his sister-in-law or by his elder brother and sister-in-law.
   • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The kinship fields list Han Zhongqing as father, Han Hui as brother, and Han Yunqing as a paternal relative.
5. [5] Learning and disciples He mastered the Six Classics and the learning of the hundred schools, was accomplished in prose and poetry, and instructed pupils who became known as disciples of the Han school.
   • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The biography says that he mastered the Six Classics and the learning of the hundred schools, excelled in poetry and prose, and had pupils known as Han-school disciples.
   • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The status fields identify him as a poet and as skilled in prose.
6. [6] Examination and staff appointments He passed the jinshi examination in 792, failed the Ministry of Personnel examination three times, and then held staff appointments under Dong Jin and Zhang Jianfeng.
   • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The examination entry records the jinshi degree, while the office fields record the Xuanwu and Wuning staff appointments.
   • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The biographies give the 792 jinshi success, three unsuccessful Ministry examinations, and service under Dong Jin and Zhang Jianfeng.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database韓愈 (A003947)The summary explicitly dates his jinshi success to 792.
7. [7] Early office and demotion He held the Four Gates and censor offices in 802 and 803, then was demoted to Yangshan after political memorials concerning the palace market and the Guanzhong drought.
   • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The office fields date the Four Gates appointment to 802 and the censor appointment to 803, and list Yangshan as the magistracy.
   • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The biographies connect the demotion to memorials on the palace market or the Guanzhong drought and give Yangshan as the destination.
8. [8] Shunzong and early Yuanhe After Shunzong's accession Han Yu opposed Wang Pi and Wang Shuwen, moved to a legal post at Jiangling, and was recalled as an educational official in 806.
   • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The biographies describe his opposition under Shunzong, transfer to Jiangling, and recall as a Guozi boshi in 806.
   • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The office fields list the Jiangling legal appointment in 805 and the educational appointment in 806.
9. [9] Middle-career offices His middle career included the Henan magistracy, offices in the Zhifang and Duguan bureaus, educational service at the eastern capital, and several central drafting, historiographical, and court posts.
   • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The biographical summary lists the Henan, Zhifang, Guozi, Duguan, Bibu, historiographical, Kaogong, Zhizhigao, Zhongshu, and heir-apparent posts.
   • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The office fields list the corresponding posts: Guozi boshi, Duguan, Henan magistrate, Zhifang, Bibu, Historiographical Institute, Kaogong, Zhizhigao, Zhongshu, and Taizi You Shuzi.
10. [10] Huai-xi campaign In 817 he served as Pei Du's army commander in the campaign against Wu Yuanji and became Vice Minister of Punishments after the pacification of Huai-xi.
    • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The biographies record his 817 service under Pei Du against Wu Yuanji and promotion after the Huai-xi campaign.
    • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The office fields list the 817 army-command appointment and the Vice Minister of Punishments post.
11. [11] Buddha-bone memorial His 819 memorial against receiving the Buddha's bone brought demotion to Chaozhou and a later transfer to Yuanzhou.
    • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The biographies date the Buddha-bone remonstrance to 819 and give the Chaozhou demotion followed by transfer to Yuanzhou.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database韓愈 (A003947)The summary lists the memorial entitled Memorial on Receiving the Buddha's Bone.
    • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The office fields list the Chaozhou and Yuanzhou governorships, beginning in the fourteenth year of Yuanhe.
12. [12] Late career Under Muzong he became libationer of the Directorate of Education, served as Vice Minister of War, and after the 822 Zhenzhou mission held the Personnel and metropolitan offices with the censor-in-chief title.
    • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The biographies give the Muzong appointments, the successful Zhenzhou mission in 822, and the later Personnel, metropolitan, and censor-in-chief offices.
    • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The office fields list the Directorate of Education in 820, War in 821, the metropolitan governor and censor-in-chief in 823, and the Personnel post.
13. [13] Death and posthumous honors He died in Chang'an in the twelfth month of 824 at fifty-seven, with 825 and Wannian also appearing in the date and place traditions; he was posthumously made Minister of Rites and named Wen.
    • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The biographies state that he died in Chang'an in the twelfth month of 824 at age fifty-seven.
    • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The identity field gives 825 as the death year and the address field gives Wannian as the place of death.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database韓愈 (A003947)The death interval runs from late 824 into early 825, preserving the date boundary between the two years.
14. [14] Posthumous title He was posthumously granted the Minister of Rites title and received the name Wen.
    • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The biography explicitly states that he was granted the Minister of Rites title and posthumously named Wen.
    • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The office and alternate-name fields list Minister of Rites and the posthumous name Wen.
15. [15] Later family The kinship fields name Lu Yi as father-in-law, Han Chang and Han Zhouqiu as sons, Han Na as a daughter born in 808 and dying in 819, and Han Xiang as a grandson.
    • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The kinship fields list Lu Yi, Han Chang, Han Zhouqiu, Han Na with dates 808–819, and Han Xiang.
16. [16] Confucian programme Han Yu sought to restore Confucian learning, reject Buddhism and Daoism, make writing carry the Way, and establish a Confucian orthodoxy.
    • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The biography presents his aim as restoring Confucian teaching and opposing Buddhism and Daoism.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database韓愈 (A003947)The summary states that writing should carry the Way and that he established a Confucian orthodoxy.
17. [17] Ancient-prose movement Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan jointly promoted the ancient-prose movement and were later paired as Han–Liu.
    • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The biography says that he and Liu Zongyuan jointly advocated ancient prose.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database韓愈 (A003947)The summary calls their movement an ancient-prose movement and gives the paired name Han–Liu.
    • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The association fields identify Liu Zongyuan as Han Yu's friend.
18. [18] Literary friendships The associations identify Zhang Ji and Yuan Zhen as friends, while the literary biography ranks Han Yu's poetry with Meng Jiao's.
    • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The association fields list Zhang Ji, Yuan Zhen, and Meng Jiao as friends.
    • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The literary biography says that Han Yu's poetry was equal in renown to Meng Jiao's.
19. [19] Prose works His argumentative prose includes six celebrated pieces: The Teacher's Statement, The Original Way, Memorial on Receiving the Buddha's Bone, The Entrance Examination Explanation, Essay on Sending Poverty Away, and Epitaph for Liu Zihou.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database韓愈 (A003947)The summary describes his prose as argumentative and lists the six named works.
20. [20] Poetic subjects His poetry addressed social reality and current abuses and also expressed personal aims and everyday experience, with the named works serving as examples.
    • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The literary biography distinguishes poems reflecting reality and criticizing abuses from poems expressing aspirations and everyday life, and supplies the named examples.
21. [21] Poetic style His poetry was influenced by Li Bai and Du Fu and is characterized as imposing, vigorous, strange, and especially conspicuous in long poems such as South Mountain and The Fire on Mount Luhun.
    • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The poetic criticism says that Li Bai and Du Fu strongly influenced Han Yu and describes his style and representative long poems.
22. [22] Prose into poetry His method of making prose into poetry brought classical-prose syntax, structure, and argument into verse and strongly influenced the prose-like and argumentative tendencies of Song poetry.
    • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The poetic criticism defines making prose into poetry through classical-prose syntax and argument and notes its major influence on Song poetry.
23. [23] Literary-historical position Han Yu achieved major results in the theory and composition of prose and poetry, and later criticism treated him as a major transformation in Tang poetry.
    • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The literary assessments credit him with major theoretical and creative achievements and call him a great transformation in Tang poetry.
24. [24] Collected writings Li Han compiled Han Yu's writings into a forty-volume collection; the Changli collection and Outer Collection circulated, and the Complete Tang Poetry preserves ten volumes of verse.
    • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The biographical summary attributes the forty-volume Han Yu ji to his disciple Li Han and lists the forty-volume Changli collection, Outer Collection, and ten volumes in the Complete Tang Poetry.
    • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The works fields list Han Yu ji and a collected and annotated edition of Han Changli's poetry.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database韓愈 (A003947)The summary confirms the circulation of the Changli xiansheng ji.
25. [25] Other works The listed works include the Lunyu bijie, Changli zashuo, Biography of the Strange Daoist, Biography of Marquis Xiapi Gehua, and Biography of Mao Ying.
    • CBDBHan Yu (3332)The works fields list the Lunyu bijie, Changli zashuo, and the three biographies, with several entries marked as authored works.
26. [26] Legacy His classical-prose programme and practice were important to the mid-Tang ancient-prose movement, and his vigorous, prose-like, argumentative poetry had a far-reaching influence on Song poetry.
    • Souyun韓愈 (21679)The literary assessments connect him with the ancient-prose movement and describe the strong influence of his prose-like, argumentative poetry on Song poetry and later generations.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database韓愈 (A003947)The summary confirms his role in promoting the ancient-prose movement and his literary standing.