Han Hong

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

In 754, during Xuanzong's reign, Han passed the jinshi examination. In 762, the first year of Baoying, he joined Hou Xiyi's Ziqing staff as a staff officer and held the concurrent title of jinbu yuanwailang; after Hou was expelled by his subordinates in 765, Han returned to court and lived in Chang'an in retirement for nearly ten years[3].

During the Dali era, Han joined Tian Shenzong's Biansong staff. After Tian died in 774, his younger brother Tian Shenyu succeeded him as military governor, and Han remained in the staff; he later assisted Li Xilie and Li Mian in the Bianzhou headquarters[4]. In the first year of Jianzhong (780), Han came to Emperor Dezong's attention through his poem “Cold Food” and was appointed Director of the Bureau of Carriages and drafter of imperial edicts, ultimately ending his career as a Secretariat Drafter. At the time, two men bore the name Han Hong; one was a cishi, and when the chancellor asked which should be chosen, the emperor selected the poet Han Hong[5].

Han Hong's relationship with Liu was widely circulated. Liu was carried away amid wartime disorder; Han composed “Zhangtai Liu” for her, she replied with “Yangliu Zhi,” and the two pieces were attached to Han's poetry collection. Liu is described variously as his wife and as his concubine[6].

Poetry and criticism

Han's long service in military headquarters led to many farewell and reciprocal-gift poems, and his verse became renowned; its style was rich and ornate, distinct from that of the other Dali talents. Gao Zhongwu praised its historical cast, abundant imaginative energy, and the fact that court officials treasured each poem[7].

His five-character regulated verse was refined and clear, with “Chou Chengyan: An Autumn-Night Occasion Presented in Reply,” “On a Monk's Dwelling,” and “Sending an Old Friend Back to Lu” counted among his noted works. His seven-character regulated verse was known for technical maturity, with “Seeing a Guest Home by Waterway to Shan” and “On the Immortal-Travel Terrace” regarded as fine Dali constructions. His ancient poems, including “Seeing off Vice Chancellor Wang Jin on His Inspection of the Frontier at Youzhou” and “Sending Sun Po to Yunzhong,” were forceful and grave examples of Dali frontier poetry, while his seven-character quatrains were elegant and flowing, making him a leading poet of the mid-Tang period[8].

Later criticism combined praise and censure. Some critics admired his clear spirit, exceptional talent, and richly colored, far-reaching seven-character poems, while others prized his lofty lines but disliked his accumulation of literary allusions. Assessments of his bi-xing and structural force also diverged: one view placed the former above Liu Changqing's and the latter below Huangfu Ran's, while another rejected both comparisons; critics further praised six of his quatrains as comparable to works of the early and high Tang, noted the ornate parallelism of their closing couplets, described his seven-character ancient verse as gorgeous and alluring and his longer poems as brilliantly gifted, and yet judged his song-poems weak in force but fresh in manner and indebted to early-Tang models. His seven-character regulated verse was also praised as vigorous, beautiful, and naturally balanced in antithesis[9].

One further assessment held that Han was already famous in the Tianbao era, when his poetry began to cultivate rhetorical embellishment and graceful self-display; its best lines often expressed luxurious pleasure, while the style gradually tended toward the light and delicate manner associated with the late Tang[10].

Works

The bibliographical tradition lists a five-volume collection of Han's poems, now lost; Ming editors recompiled the eight-volume Han Junping ji, while Han Hong shiji is also recorded as a title. The Complete Tang Poems preserves three volumes of his verse, and the Supplement to the Complete Tang Poems adds two poems[11].

TimelineCBDB

  1. 762 節度使從事 寶應
  2. 762 金部員外郎 寶應
  3. 774 節度使從事 大曆
  4. 776 從事 大曆
  5. 779 佐 大曆
  6. 780 知制誥 建中
  7. 780 駕部郎中 建中

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
節度使從事762寶應淄青軍節度
金部員外郎762寶應
節度使從事774大曆汴宋軍節度
從事776大曆
佐779大曆
知制誥780建中
駕部郎中780建中
Year unknown1
OfficeEraPosting
中書舍人Era unknownUnknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
妾柳氏(韓翃妻)–

AliasesCBDB

  • 君平 字
  • 韓翊 室名、別號

StatusCBDB

  • 詩人
  • 文人

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
李王孫友–
李勉為李勉之幕僚–
侯希逸為侯希逸之幕僚–
蘇頲贈詩、文–
王縉贈詩、文–
元載贈詩、文–
獨孤及贈詩、文–
令狐彰贈詩、文–
哥舒翰贈詩、文–
劉太真贈詩、文–
李嘉祐贈詩、文–
張諲贈詩、文–
錢起贈詩、文–
郭子儀贈詩、文–
陽濟贈詩、文–
田神功贈詩、文–
孟休鑒贈詩、文–
夏侯審贈詩、文–
郎士元贈詩、文–
庾光先贈詩、文–
楊援贈詩、文–
王誕贈詩、文–
王逖贈詩、文–
王隨贈詩、文–
王光輔贈詩、文–
元詵贈詩、文–
張建贈詩、文–
張儋贈詩、文–
張渚贈詩、文–
張著贈詩、文–
孫潑贈詩、文–
孫革贈詩、文–
熊元皓贈詩、文–
崔遇贈詩、文–
崔過贈詩、文–
皇甫溫贈詩、文–
程延贈詩、文–
冷朝陽贈詩、文–
李翼贈詩、文–
李佐贈詩、文–
李湜贈詩、文–
李昌岠贈詩、文–
戴迪贈詩、文–
趙陸贈詩、文–
喻坦之贈詩、文–
馬炫贈詩、文–
劉楚贈詩、文–
劉長上贈詩、文–
李商隱收到李商隱的贈詩、文–
錢起收到錢起的贈詩、文–
牟融收到牟融的贈詩、文–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
韓翃詩集撰著者

Citations

  1. [1] Identity and status Han Hong is a Tang-dynasty poet and man of letters, one of the Ten Talents of the Dali era, with dates not known.
    • CBDBHan Hong (94714)The basic record gives the English name, Tang affiliation, and poet and man-of-letters statuses.
    • Souyun韓翃 (21491)The profile and biographical entries identify him as a Tang poet and a member of the Ten Talents of the Dali era, while noting that his dates are unknown.
    • WikidataHan Hong (Q11663962)The English label names Han Hong and describes him as a Chinese poet.
  2. [2] Courtesy name and origin His courtesy name was Junping, he is also associated with Han Yi, and his native place was Nanyang in present-day Henan.
    • CBDBHan Hong (94714)The name and address fields give Junping, Han Yi, and Nanyang, with Junping identified as the courtesy name and Han Yi as an alternative name or sobriquet.
    • Souyun韓翃 (21491)The profile and biographies give the courtesy name Junping and Nanyang, now in Henan.
    • WikidataHan Hong (Q11663962)The aliases include Junping and Han Yi.
  3. [3] Examination and early service Han passed the jinshi examination in 754, served in Hou Xiyi's Ziqing staff in 762, and returned to court after Hou's fall in 765 before spending nearly ten years in Chang'an.
    • CBDBHan Hong (94714)The examination and office fields confirm the jinshi qualification and the 762 Baoying appointments in the Ziqing staff.
    • Souyun韓翃 (21491)The biographies confirm the 754 examination, Hou Xiyi's staff, Hou's expulsion in 765, Han's return to court, and his nearly decade-long stay in Chang'an.
  4. [4] Middle-career military service During the Dali era Han served in Tian Shenzong's Biansong staff, remained after Tian's death and his brother's succession, and later assisted Li Xilie and Li Mian in Bianzhou.
    • CBDBHan Hong (94714)The office fields place him in the Biansong military staff in 774 and then in further staff and assistant posts.
    • Souyun韓翃 (21491)The biographies describe the succession from Tian Shenzong to Tian Shenyu and Han's later service for Li Xilie and Li Mian.
  5. [5] Late career and name distinction In 780 Han was promoted after attracting Dezong's notice through Cold Food and ended as a Secretariat Drafter; the emperor distinguished him from another man of the same name who was a cishi.
    • CBDBHan Hong (94714)The office fields list the Jianzhong appointments of jabu langzhong, drafter of edicts, and Secretariat Drafter.
    • Souyun韓翃 (21491)The biographies connect Cold Food with Dezong's favor, give the final office, and recount the distinction between the two men named Han Hong.
  6. [6] Liu Shi story The story of Han Hong and Liu Shi was widely circulated; she was carried away during disorder, the two exchanged named pieces, and Liu Shi is variously described as his wife or concubine.
    • CBDBHan Hong (94714)The kinship fields associate Liu Shi with Han Hong as wife and concubine.
    • Souyun韓翃 (21491)The biographical passages describe the widely circulated Liu Shi story, her abduction during disorder, the two exchanged lyrics, and their attachment to the poetry collection.
  7. [7] Military poetry and reception Long service in military headquarters produced many farewell and reciprocal-gift poems; his ornate style differed from that of the other Dali talents, and Gao Zhongwu praised its construction and richness.
    • Souyun韓翃 (21491)The literary overview and critical passage describe his military service, farewell and gift poems, ornate style, and Gao Zhongwu's praise.
  8. [8] Poetic forms The sources characterize his regulated verse, ancient poems, and quatrains by the styles and works named in the article.
    • Souyun韓翃 (21491)The literary overview gives the evaluations and titles for his five-character regulated verse, seven-character regulated verse, ancient poems, and quatrains.
  9. [9] Critical debate Later critics praised and criticized different aspects of Han Hong's work, including its elegance, allusive density, comparative strengths, quatrain technique, ancient verse, song-poems, and regulated verse.
    • Souyun韓翃 (21491)The critical passages collectively preserve the praise, censure, comparisons, and formal judgments summarized here.
  10. [10] Tianbao-era style One assessment places Han's early fame and rhetorical self-display in the Tianbao era, while tracing a later movement from luxurious pleasure toward a lighter late-Tang manner.
    • Souyun韓翃 (21491)The critical passage discusses his fame in Tianbao, rhetorical display, luxurious lines, and gradual movement toward a late-Tang style.
  11. [11] Works and transmission A five-volume collection was lost, an eight-volume Han Junping ji was recompiled in the Ming, Han Hong shiji is another recorded title, and later anthologies preserve or supplement the poems in the quantities stated.
    • CBDBHan Hong (94714)The works data gives the title 韓翃詩集 and identifies Han Hong as its author.
    • Souyun韓翃 (21491)The literary summaries state that the five-volume collection was lost, the eight-volume Han Junping ji circulated, and the Complete Tang Poems and its supplement preserve the stated numbers of poems.