Zhang Bangqi

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Family and early life

His father was Zhang Shimin, his grandfather Zhang Chen, his great-grandfather Zhang Chun, and his mother was Lady Shen.[5]

He had an elder brother, Zhang Bangyan, and eight younger brothers: Zhang Bangyan, Zhang Bangyan, Zhang Bangzhen, Zhang Bangjun, Zhang Bangyi, Zhang Bangjie, Zhang Bangheng, Zhang Banghong, and Zhang Bangyong.[6]

His wife was a member of the Wang family.[7]

An avid reader in his youth, he was said to have read widely, studied with concentrated thought, and aspired to become a sage.[8] He was already composing at fourteen.[9] At fifteen he wrote 《易解》 and 《釋國語》.[10] At seventeen he entered the capital with the candidates recommended through the Mingjing route.[11]

In the fourteenth year of the Hongzhi reign (1501), he passed the Zhejiang provincial examination in the Xinyou cycle; his placing is given as fourteenth in one account and “141” in another.[12] In the eighteenth year of Hongzhi (1505), he passed the metropolitan examination in the Yichou cohort.[13] The examination register places him in the Third Class, one hundred and eighty-third place.[14]

After the examination he was selected as a shujishi and appointed an investigative compiler in the Hanlin Academy.[15] He also took part in compiling and revising the Veritable Record of Emperor Xiaozong.[16]

Career and public affairs

At the beginning of the Zhengde reign he served as a Hanlin compiler. When Liu Jin dominated the court and many officials attached themselves to his faction, Zhang expressed his indignation in the fu “Zhang Qian Riding a Raft to the Milky Way”; he then requested an outside post so that he could support his parents and was appointed deputy education commissioner of Huguang.[17]

In Chu he repaired the Yuelu, Mingshan, and Chongzheng academies, lectured on the Classics to the students himself, and insisted that learning follow Confucius and Yan Hui and conduct aspire to Zeng Shen and Min Ziqian, for even brilliant writing alone would not earn approval. When the Jiajing emperor was still in his Anlu princely residence and sought to take an academic examination, Zhang prepared a separate examination paper and admitted him to the school.[18]

At the beginning of the Jiajing reign Zhang returned to office, serving successively as deputy education commissioner in Sichuan and Fujian, Director of the Imperial College in Nanjing, and Vice Minister of Personnel in Nanjing. He returned home in mourning for his father, was then summoned as Vice Minister of Personnel, and later became Senior Vice Minister while acting as head of the ministry.[19]

He subsequently oversaw the Hanlin Academy and the Office of the Heir Apparent, served as tutor to the heir and as a daily lecturer, acted as chief examiner for the metropolitan examination and as a compiler of the Jade Genealogy, and rose to Minister of Rites, Nanjing Minister of Personnel, and finally Nanjing Minister of War, with responsibility for military affairs.[20]

In the Ministry of Personnel he held that appointments and dismissals had to follow public justice and refused to seek prior approval from the central authorities. He also rejected forty thousand in gold offered to lessen the punishment of a family member, insisting that the law belonged to the whole realm; these actions brought him into conflict with powerful figures. The emperor repeatedly considered making him chief minister, but Zhang likewise rejected approaches sent by Cui Bingyi and the Taoist adept Tao.[21]

He opposed the proposal to establish princely states in Zhejiang and Fujian, arguing that the region supplied the empire’s revenues and bordered the southern capital; the proposal was abandoned. He also refused to adopt Daoist court dress, saying that he could not turn his back on the sages, and blocked Feng Fang’s attempt to gain advancement through a proposal for an imperial Ming Hall and Fengshan sacrifice.[22]

When his mother was over ninety, Zhang requested a southern appointment and became Nanjing Minister of War. The emperor repeatedly wished to recall him as chief minister, but Yan Song argued that Zhang’s aged mother would not want him to return north, and the recall did not take place.[23]

Zhang died in the twenty-third year of the Jiajing reign (1544), at the age of sixty-one.[24] He was posthumously granted the title Grand Protector of the Heir Apparent; the posthumous names Wengke and Wenmin were first proposed, but the emperor changed the title to Wending.[25]

Learning and writings

Zhang took the Cheng-Zhu school as his intellectual foundation, emphasized self-cultivation, and advocated putting learning into practice. He was closely associated with Wang Shouren, although their views on learning often diverged.[26]

The 《明州阿育王山志》 preserves one of Zhang’s seven-character quatrains, “登上塔.”[27]

His writings include 《學庸傳》, 《五經說》, 《易解》, 《易說》, 《春秋說》, 《書說》, 《詩說》, and 《釋國語》.[28]

《兀涯西漢書議》 also appears as 《兀涯漢書議》, and the title 《兀涯兩漢書議》 is also found.[29]

His collected poetry and prose include 《四友亭集》, 《環碧堂集》, 《紆玉樓集》, 《覲光樓集》, 《養心亭集》, 《甬川集》, and 《靡悔軒集》; 《紆玉樓集》 also appears as 《紓玉樓集》, while 《靡侮軒集》 is another recorded form.[30]

There are also editions titled with his posthumous designation: 《張文定公環碧堂集》 in sixteen juan, 《張文定公靡悔軒集》 in twelve juan, and 《張文定公紆玉樓集》 in ten juan.[31]

Yang Tinghe wrote a preface to one of Zhang’s books, while Zou Shouyi had a preface written by Zhang.[32] Zhang Shiche was his clan uncle and was also listed as his student.[33] The two men both served as Nanjing Ministers of War, giving rise to the expression “the uncle and nephew ministers of War.”[34]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 1505 翰林院庶吉士 弘治
  2. 1507 經筵官 正德
  3. 1507 翰林院檢討 正德
  4. 1515 提刑按察使司副使 正德
  5. 1523 提刑按察使司副使 嘉靖
  6. 1527 左春坊左庶子 嘉靖
  7. 1527 提刑按察使司副使 嘉靖
  8. 1527 翰林院侍講學士 嘉靖
  9. 1528 國子祭酒 嘉靖
  10. 1530 吏部右侍郎 嘉靖
  11. 1533 吏部右侍郎 嘉靖
  12. 1536 吏部左侍郎 嘉靖
  13. 1537 翰林院學士 嘉靖
  14. 1538 四夷館卿 嘉靖
  15. 1538 會試考試官 嘉靖
  16. 1538 殿試讀卷官 嘉靖
  17. 1538 纂修 嘉靖
  18. 1539 太子賓客 嘉靖
  19. 1542 禮部尚書 嘉靖
  20. 1542 詹事 嘉靖
  21. 1543 兵部尚書 嘉靖
  22. 1543 參贊機務 嘉靖
  23. 1544 太子少保 嘉靖
  24. 1543 吏部尚書 嘉靖

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
翰林院庶吉士15051507弘治
經筵官1507正德
翰林院檢討15071515正德
提刑按察使司副使1515正德湖廣布政司
提刑按察使司副使15231524嘉靖四川布政司
左春坊左庶子15271528嘉靖
提刑按察使司副使1527嘉靖福建布政司
翰林院侍講學士15271528嘉靖
國子祭酒15281530嘉靖南京
吏部右侍郎1530嘉靖南京
吏部右侍郎15331536嘉靖
吏部左侍郎1536嘉靖
翰林院學士1537嘉靖
四夷館卿1538嘉靖
會試考試官1538嘉靖
殿試讀卷官1538嘉靖
纂修1538嘉靖
太子賓客1539嘉靖
禮部尚書1542嘉靖
詹事1542嘉靖
兵部尚書15431544嘉靖南京
參贊機務15431544嘉靖
吏部尚書1543嘉靖南京
太子少保1544嘉靖
Year unknown8
OfficeEraPosting
兵部尚書嘉靖南京
右庶子嘉靖Unknown
吏部右侍郎嘉靖南京
吏部尚書嘉靖南京
孝宗實錄纂修官正德Unknown
日講官嘉靖Unknown
祭酒嘉靖南京
禮部尚書嘉靖Unknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
高祖;四世祖張公曄–
曾祖張純–
祖父張忱–
父張時敏–
族父張時徹1500–1577
母沈氏(張邦奇母)–
兄張邦彥–
弟張邦言–
弟張邦真–
弟張邦俊–
弟張邦翊–
弟張邦傑–
弟張邦亨–
弟張邦竑–
弟張邦永–
妻子王氏(張邦奇妻)–
玄孫;四世孫張瑤芝–

AliasesCBDB

  • 二 行第
  • 兀涯 室名、別號
  • 嘗甫 字
  • 常甫 字
  • 文定 諡號
  • 甬川 室名、別號
  • 甬川先生 室名、別號

StatusCBDB

  • [為官者:文]

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
張時徹學生為張時徹1543–
楊廷和為楊廷和所著書作序–
鄒守益書序由鄒守益所作–
費寀墓誌銘由費寀所作–
杭淮為杭淮作墓誌銘–
張昺為張昺作墓誌銘–
楊守隅為楊守隅作墓誌銘–
王時中為王時中作墓誌銘–
汪玉為汪玉作墓誌銘–
李堂為李堂作墓誌銘–
余本為余本作墓誌銘–
周旋為周旋作墓誌銘–
夏從壽為夏從壽作墓誌銘–
陳振為陳振作墓誌銘–
陳霽為陳霽作墓誌銘–
曾大有為曾大有作墓誌銘–
傅鑰為傅鑰作墓誌銘–
聞元奎為聞元奎作墓誌銘–
聞元璧為聞元璧作墓誌銘–
魏英為魏英作墓誌銘–
顧潛為顧潛作墓誌銘–
徐讚為徐讚作墓誌銘–
崔銑書跋由崔銑所作–
戴䲀為戴䲀作字說、名述–
張時徹傳記作者為張時徹–
羅欽順為羅欽順作傳–
宋以方為宋以方作傳–
朱瑄為朱瑄作傳–
李東陽為李東陽作祭文–
劉大夏為劉大夏作祭文–
顧鼎臣為顧鼎臣作祭文–
皇甫汸祭文由皇甫汸所作–
茅坤祭文由茅坤所作–
洪鍾為洪鍾作廟碑記–
陳侃為陳侃作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
王守仁為王守仁作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
萬表為萬表作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
章拯為章拯作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
張津為張津作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
葛浩為葛浩作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
翟唐為翟唐作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
吳一鵬為吳一鵬作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
王憲為王憲作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
蔣瑤為蔣瑤作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
王爌為王爌作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
宋景為宋景作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
屠僑為屠僑作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
聞淵為聞淵作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
王時中為王時中作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
唐龍為唐龍作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
曾銑為曾銑作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
楊最為楊最作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
楊最為楊最作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
王浚為王浚作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
朱豹為朱豹作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
李楫為李楫作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
李濂為李濂作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
李濂為李濂作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
吳惠為吳惠作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
周坤為周坤作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
周煦為周煦作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
孫承恩為孫承恩作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
孫紹先為孫紹先作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
陳寰為陳寰作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
湛若水為湛若水作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
屠楷為屠楷作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
黃重為黃重作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
費宷為費宷作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
楊中為楊中作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
虞守愚為虞守愚作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
虞守愚為虞守愚作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
潘鎰為潘鎰作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
劉乾為劉乾作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
謝廷柱為謝廷柱作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
戴䲀為戴䲀作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
魏有本為魏有本作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
龔用卿為龔用卿作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
蔡汝楠哀辭由蔡汝楠所作–
萬潮向萬潮致賀–
湯沐向湯沐致賀–
程嘉行向程嘉行致賀–
趙廷瑞向趙廷瑞致賀–
劉夔向劉夔致賀–
嚴嵩神道碑由嚴嵩所作–
陸偁為陸偁作神道碑–
黃曜為黃曜作墓表–
許進為許進作墓表–
李坦為李坦作墓表–
呂和為呂和作墓表–
周旋為周旋作行狀–
張時徹致書張時徹–
豐熙致書豐熙–
豐坊致書豐坊–
豐坊致書豐坊–
王守仁致書王守仁–
王守仁致書王守仁–
魏校致書魏校–
魏校致書魏校–
魏校致書魏校–
羅欽順致書羅欽順–

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ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)第三甲第一百八十三名
科舉: 鄉貢舉人
學校: 生員(庠生)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
五經說
兀涯西漢書議:十二卷
四友亭集
學庸傳
易解(張邦奇)
易說(張邦奇):一卷
春秋說(張邦奇):一卷
書說(張邦奇):一卷
環碧堂集
甬川集
紆玉樓集
覲光樓集
詩說(張邦奇):一卷
釋國語
靡侮軒集
養心亭集
張文定公環碧堂集:十六卷
張文定公靡悔軒集:十二卷
張文定公紆玉樓集:十卷

Citations

  1. [1] Life dates and identity Zhang Bangqi is generally dated to 1484–1544, with an alternative birth year of 1483; the evidence identifies him as a Ming official, politician, or scholar.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The identity, dates, Ming affiliation, and civil official status are supplied together.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The biographical entries give 1484–1544 and describe him as a Ming native of Yin County and a learned man.
    • WikidataZhang Bangqi (Q11067700)The English identity and description identify Zhang Bangqi as a Ming dynasty politician born in 1484 and deceased in 1544.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database張邦奇 (A008631)The authority entry gives a 1483 birth, a 1544 death, the Ming dynasty, and identifies him as a Ming minister.
  2. [2] Courtesy name and sobriquets Zhang Bangqi’s courtesy name was Changfu, and his sobriquets were Yongchuan and Wuya.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The name entries classify Changfu as the courtesy name and Yongchuan and Wuya as sobriquets or studio names.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The biographical entries explicitly give the courtesy name Changfu and the sobriquets Yongchuan and Wuya.
    • WikidataZhang Bangqi (Q11067700)The names list includes Changfu, Wuya, and Yongchuan.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database張邦奇 (A008631)The authority entry lists Zhang Changfu, Zhang Yongchuan, and Wuya among his aliases.
  3. [3] Native place Zhang Bangqi was a native of Yin County in Zhejiang.
  4. [4] Variant names Changfu is also written 嘗甫, and Yongchuan Xiansheng is another sobriquet.
  5. [5] Immediate ancestry His father was Zhang Shimin, his grandfather Zhang Chen, his great-grandfather Zhang Chun, and his mother was Lady Shen.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The kinship entries identify Zhang Shimin, Zhang Chen, Zhang Chun, and Lady Shen as father, grandfather, great-grandfather, and mother.
  6. [6] Siblings The kinship list names Zhang Bangyan as his elder brother and eight younger brothers.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The kinship entries list Zhang Bangyan as the elder brother and eight named younger brothers.
  7. [7] Marriage His wife was a member of the Wang family.
  8. [8] Early learning The early biography portrays Zhang Bangqi as widely read, thoughtful, and intent on becoming a sage.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The early biography says that he read everything, studied with concentrated thought, and aspired to become a sage.
  9. [9] Early composition Zhang Bangqi was already composing at fourteen.
  10. [10] Juvenile writings The authority entry attributes 《易解》 and 《釋國語》 to Zhang Bangqi at age fifteen.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database張邦奇 (A008631)The authority note says that he wrote 《易解》 and 《釋國語》 at fifteen.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The works list contains 《易解》 and 《釋國語》.
  11. [11] Mingjing recommendation The early biography says that at seventeen Zhang Bangqi travelled with the candidates under the Mingjing route.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The early biography describes his being recommended through Mingjing and travelling with the cohort at seventeen.
  12. [12] Provincial examination In 1501 Zhang Bangqi passed the Zhejiang Xinyou provincial examination, with the placing given as fourteenth or “141” in the two entries.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The biographical entry gives the 1501 Xinyou Zhejiang examination and fourteenth place.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The examination entry identifies him as a provincial recommended candidate and preserves the rank value 141.
  13. [13] Metropolitan examination Zhang Bangqi passed the Yichou metropolitan examination in 1505.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The biographical entries identify his Hongzhi eighteenth-year or Yichou jinshi success.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database張邦奇 (A008631)The authority note gives the 1505 jinshi success.
  14. [14] Examination rank The examination register places him in the Third Class, one hundred and eighty-third place.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The examination entry gives the jinshi rank as Third Class, one hundred and eighty-third place.
  15. [15] First appointments After the examination Zhang Bangqi became a shujishi and was appointed an investigative compiler in the Hanlin Academy.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The biographical entries describe his selection as shujishi and appointment as compiler.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The office entries list the Hanlin shujishi and Hanlin compiler appointments.
  16. [16] Veritable Record compilation Zhang Bangqi participated in compiling and revising the Veritable Record of Emperor Xiaozong.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The biographical entry says that he participated in compiling and revising the Veritable Record of Emperor Xiaozong.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database張邦奇 (A008631)The authority note also records his participation in the compilation of the Veritable Record.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The office entries list him as a compiler of the Veritable Record of Emperor Xiaozong.
  17. [17] Zhengde and Huguang During Liu Jin’s ascendancy Zhang Bangqi expressed opposition in a fu, requested an outside post to support his parents, and became deputy education commissioner of Huguang.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The early biography relates his Hanlin service, indignation at Liu Jin’s dominance, the fu, his request for an outside post, and the Huguang appointment.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The office entries list the Hanlin compiler and the 1515 Huguang deputy commissioner post.
  18. [18] Educational administration in Chu In Chu he repaired three academies, lectured on the Classics, imposed a demanding Confucian standard, and arranged a separate examination for the Jiajing emperor at Anlu.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The biographical accounts name the Yuelu, Mingshan, and Chongzheng academies and describe his lectures, standards, and separate examination for the prince at Anlu.
  19. [19] Early Jiajing offices At the beginning of the Jiajing reign Zhang returned to office, served in Sichuan and Fujian, held the Nanjing Imperial College and Personnel posts, mourned his father, and then advanced in the Ministry of Personnel.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The biographies describe his renewed service in Sichuan and Fujian, Nanjing posts, mourning for his father, and advancement in the Ministry of Personnel.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The office entries list the Sichuan and Fujian posts, Nanjing Imperial College, Nanjing Personnel, and Senior Vice Minister positions.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database張邦奇 (A008631)The authority note summarizes his promotion to the Nanjing Imperial College and Hanlin offices.
  20. [20] High offices Zhang subsequently held senior Hanlin and heir-apparent offices, examined metropolitan candidates, worked on the Jade Genealogy, and became a minister in the Rites and Personnel ministries before taking the Nanjing military post.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The biographies list his Hanlin, heir-apparent, examination, compilation, Rites, Personnel, and military offices.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The office entries list the Office of the Heir Apparent, heir’s guest, daily lecturer, examination and compilation duties, Rites and Nanjing ministerial posts, and military affairs.
  21. [21] Personnel administration Zhang’s conduct in the Ministry of Personnel included a public-justice principle, refusal to seek prior approval, rejection of forty thousand in gold, and refusal of approaches seeking to secure his promotion to the chief ministry.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The biography gives the public-justice principle, refusal to notify the government in advance, rejection of forty thousand in gold, resulting hostility, and rejection of the two approaches.
  22. [22] Policy positions Zhang opposed new princely states in Zhejiang and Fujian, rejected Daoist court dress, and blocked Feng Fang’s proposal for imperial Ming Hall and Fengshan rites.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The biography describes his opposition to the Zhejiang–Fujian princely-state proposal, Daoist dress, and Feng Fang’s Ming Hall and Fengshan proposal.
  23. [23] Late southern appointment Concern for his mother led Zhang to request a southern appointment and prevented his recall to serve as chief minister when Yan Song invoked her age.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The biographies relate his mother’s advanced age, southern transfer, and the unsuccessful attempt to recall him after Yan Song’s intervention.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The office entries list the Nanjing Minister of War and participation in military affairs.
  24. [24] Death Zhang died in 1544, the twenty-third year of the Jiajing reign, at sixty-one.
  25. [25] Posthumous honors Zhang received the title Grand Protector of the Heir Apparent after death; Wengke and Wenmin were proposed before the emperor settled on Wending.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The posthumous biographies give the grant of Grand Protector of the Heir Apparent, the initial proposals Wengke and Wenmin, and the final Wending title.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The names list identifies Wending as the posthumous name.
  26. [26] Learning and Wang Shouren Zhang followed the Cheng–Zhu school, emphasized cultivation and practice, and maintained a close but intellectually non-convergent relationship with Wang Shouren.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The biographical entries describe his Cheng–Zhu learning, cultivation, practice, friendship with Wang Shouren, and disagreement in doctrine.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database張邦奇 (A008631)The authority note likewise identifies the Cheng–Zhu orientation and friendship with Wang Shouren.
  27. [27] Poem The 《明州阿育王山志》 preserves one of Zhang Bangqi’s seven-character quatrains, “登上塔.”
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database張邦奇 (A008631)The authority note says that 《明州阿育王山志》 preserves Zhang’s seven-character quatrain “登上塔.”
  28. [28] Writings The works list includes eight titles by Zhang Bangqi.
  29. [29] Variants of the Wuyaya treatise The bibliographic titles 《兀涯西漢書議》, 《兀涯漢書議》, and 《兀涯兩漢書議》 represent variant forms of the same recorded work title.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The works list gives 《兀涯西漢書議》 in twelve juan.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The biographical entry gives the shorter title 《兀涯漢書議》.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database張邦奇 (A008631)The authority note gives the form 《兀涯兩漢書議》.
  30. [30] Collected poetry and prose The collected works include seven named collections, with variant forms for two titles.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The works list includes the four named, Yongchuan, Miwu, and Yangxin collections.
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The biographical entries supply the alternative forms 《紓玉樓集》 and 《靡悔軒集》 alongside the other collections.
  31. [31] Posthumous collection editions Three editions carry Zhang’s posthumous designation and give their lengths as sixteen, twelve, and ten juan.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The works list gives the three posthumously titled editions and their respective lengths.
  32. [32] Literary exchanges Yang Tinghe wrote a preface to one of Zhang’s books, while Zou Shouyi had a preface written by Zhang.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The association entries identify Yang Tinghe as the writer of a preface to Zhang’s book and Zou Shouyi as the recipient of a preface by Zhang.
  33. [33] Zhang Shiche relationship Zhang Shiche was Zhang Bangqi’s clan uncle and was also listed as his student.
    • CBDBZhang Bangqi (28825)The kinship entry calls Zhang Shiche a clan uncle, while the association entry lists him as Zhang Bangqi’s student.
  34. [34] Uncle and nephew ministers The two men both held the Nanjing Ministry of War, producing the expression “the uncle and nephew ministers of War.”
    • Souyun張邦奇 (45896)The biographical entry says that Zhang Bangqi and Zhang Shiche both served as Nanjing Ministers of War and were called the uncle and nephew ministers.