Liu Ji

TimelineCBDB

1. 1448 翰林院庶吉士 正統
2. 1449 翰林院編修 正統
3. 1450 經筵官 景泰
4. 1456 修撰 景泰
5. 1462 鄉試官 天順
6. 1464 侍讀 天順
7. 1464 修撰 天順
8. 1467 翰林院侍讀學士 成化
9. 1469 會試考試官 成化
10. 1469 禮部右侍郎 成化
11. 1472 禮部左侍郎 成化
12. 1475 翰林院學士 成化
13. 1477 禮部尚書 成化
14. 1478 太子少保 成化
15. 1478 文淵閣大學士 成化
16. 1478 會試考試官 成化
17. 1478 殿試讀卷官 成化
18. 1481 殿試讀卷官 成化
19. 1482 太子少保 成化
20. 1482 武英殿大學士 成化
21. 1484 殿試讀卷官 成化
22. 1485 戶部尚書 成化
23. 1485 謹身殿大學士 成化
24. 1486 太子太傅 成化
25. 1486 少保 成化
26. 1487 副使 成化
27. 1487 副使 成化
28. 1487 吏部尚書 成化
29. 1487 太子太師 成化
30. 1487 少傅 成化
31. 1488 總裁官 弘治
32. 1490 殿試讀卷官 弘治
33. 1491 副使 弘治
34. 1491 少師 弘治
35. 1491 華蓋殿大學士 弘治
36. 1492 副使 弘治
37. 1493 太師 弘治

Office recordsCBDB

FamilyCBDB

AliasesCBDB

• 二 行第
• 佑之 字
• 劉緜花 未詳
• 文穆 諡號
• 祐之 字
• 約菴 室名、別號

AssociationsCBDB

ExaminationsCBDB

WorksCBDB

Citations

1. [1] Name and dates Liu Ji, a Ming dynasty official and politician, born in 1427 and died in 1493.
   • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records his name as Liu Ji, his dynasty as Ming, and his birth and death years as 1427 and 1493.
   • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The two biographical accounts record Liu Ji as a Ming figure born in 1427 and died in 1493.
   • WikidataLiu Ji (Q10899499)Wikidata gives the Chinese label 劉吉, describes him as a Ming dynasty politician, and records his birth in 1427 and death in 1493.
2. [2] Names His courtesy name was Youzhi, written both 祐之 and 佑之, and his art name was Yue'an, written 約菴 or 約庵.
   • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records his courtesy name in the two forms 祐之 and 佑之, and his art name as 約菴.
   • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The biographical accounts give his courtesy name as 祐之, and his art name appears both as 約庵 and 約菴.
   • WikidataLiu Ji (Q10899499)Wikidata records the courtesy names 祐之 and 佑之 and the art name 約菴.
3. [3] Native place He was a native of Boye County, Baoding Prefecture, in the metropolitan province of Zhili, present-day Boye County, Hebei.
   • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records him as a native of Boye County in Baoding Prefecture of Zhili, present-day Boye County in Hebei.
   • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB gives Boye as his native place and registered domicile.
4. [4] Student and provincial graduate He first studied as a county school student (shengyuan) and became a provincial graduate (juren).
   • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records his schooling as a shengyuan (county school student) and his provincial examination status as a juren.
5. [5] Jinshi degree In 1448, the thirteenth year of Zhengtong, he passed the examination as a jinshi, ranking twenty-fourth in the second class.
   • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records him as a jinshi ranking twenty-fourth in the second class and places his entry into office in 1448.
   • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records him as a jinshi of 1448, the thirteenth year of Zhengtong.
   • WikidataLiu Ji (Q10899499)Wikidata describes him as a jinshi of 1448.
6. [6] Hanlin posts He was chosen as a bachelor (shujishi) and appointed a compiler (bianxiu) of the Hanlin Academy.
   • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records him as a Hanlin bachelor (shujishi) and Hanlin compiler (bianxiu).
   • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records that he first served as a shujishi and was appointed bianxiu.
7. [7] Imperial lecturer In 1450, the first year of Jingtai, he served as an imperial lecturer (jingyan guan).
   • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records him as an imperial lecturer (jingyan guan) in 1450, the first year of Jingtai.
8. [8] Huanyu tongzhi On completion of the Huanyu tongzhi he was promoted to senior compiler (xiuzhuan).
   • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records that when the Huanyu tongzhi was completed he was promoted to xiuzhuan.
   • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records him as a xiuzhuan and lists the Huanyu tongzhi among his associated works.
9. [9] Eastern Palace lectures In 1460, the fourth year of Tianshun, he lectured to the heir apparent, the future Emperor Xianzong.
   • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records that in 1460, the fourth year of Tianshun, he lectured in the Eastern Palace and taught the future Emperor Xianzong.
10. [10] Provincial examiner In 1462, the sixth year of Tianshun, he served as a provincial examination officer.
    • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records him as a provincial examination officer in 1462, the sixth year of Tianshun.
11. [11] Veritable Records of Yingzong After Emperor Xianzong's accession he was summoned to compile the Veritable Records of Emperor Yingzong.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The accounts record that after Emperor Xianzong's accession he was summoned to compile the Veritable Records of Yingzong.
    • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB lists the Veritable Records of Emperor Yingzong among his associated works.
12. [12] Successive offices He then held the posts of Reader, Reader-Bachelor, and right and left vice-minister of Rites.
    • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records his successive posts as Reader, Reader-Bachelor, right vice-minister of Rites and left vice-minister of Rites.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account traces his offices from Reader and Reader-Bachelor to left vice-minister of Rites.
13. [13] Examination and lecture posts He repeatedly served as a metropolitan examination examiner, a reader of palace examination papers and an expositor at the classics colloquium.
    • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records him twice as a metropolitan examination examiner, four times as a reader of palace examination papers, and as an expositor at the classics colloquium.
14. [14] Entry into the Grand Secretariat In 1475, the eleventh year of Chenghua, he became Hanlin academician, entered the Grand Secretariat with Liu Xu, and served as Minister of Rites.
    • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records him as Hanlin academician in 1475, the eleventh year of Chenghua, and as Minister of Rites.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records that in 1475, the eleventh year of Chenghua, he entered the Grand Secretariat together with Liu Xu, concurrently as Hanlin academician, and served as Minister of Rites.
15. [15] Paper-pasted grand secretaries He was one of the men mocked in the Chenghua era as the "paper-pasted three grand secretaries".
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records him as one of the "paper-pasted three grand secretaries" of the Chenghua era.
16. [16] Titles on Xiaozong's departure When the future Emperor Xiaozong left the palace school, he was granted the titles Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent and Grand Secretary of the Wenyuan Pavilion.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records that when the future Emperor Xiaozong left the palace school, Liu Ji was given the titles Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent and Grand Secretary of the Wenyuan Pavilion.
    • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records his titles Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent and Grand Secretary of the Wenyuan Pavilion.
17. [17] Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent After the Wenhua daxun was completed he was given the title Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records that after the Wenhua daxun was completed he was given the title Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent.
18. [18] Wuying Hall He was advanced to Grand Secretary of the Wuying Hall.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records his advancement to Grand Secretary of the Wuying Hall.
    • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB also records him as Grand Secretary of the Wuying Hall.
19. [19] Minister of Revenue In time he was advanced to Minister of Revenue and Grand Secretary of the Jinshen Hall.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The accounts record his advancement to Minister of Revenue and Grand Secretary of the Jinshen Hall.
    • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records him as Minister of Revenue and Grand Secretary of the Jinshen Hall.
20. [20] Junior Guardian He then received the titles Junior Guardian together with Grand Tutor of the Heir Apparent.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records the addition of the titles Junior Guardian together with Grand Tutor of the Heir Apparent.
    • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records him as Junior Guardian and Grand Tutor of the Heir Apparent.
21. [21] Senior grand secretary After Emperor Xiaozong's accession, with Wan An and Yin Zhi retiring in succession, Liu Ji became senior grand secretary.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records that after Xiaozong's accession, with Wan An and Yin Zhi retiring in succession, Liu Ji became senior grand secretary.
22. [22] Junior Tutor On the new emperor's accession he was promoted to Junior Tutor and concurrently Grand Preceptor of the Heir Apparent and Minister of Personnel.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records his promotion on the new emperor's accession to Junior Tutor, concurrently Grand Preceptor of the Heir Apparent and Minister of Personnel.
    • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records him as Junior Tutor, Grand Preceptor of the Heir Apparent and Minister of Personnel.
23. [23] Junior Preceptor When the Veritable Records of Xianzong was completed he was further promoted to Junior Preceptor and Grand Secretary of the Huagai Hall.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records his further promotion, on completion of the Veritable Records of Xianzong, to Junior Preceptor and Grand Secretary of the Huagai Hall.
    • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records him as Junior Preceptor and Grand Secretary of the Huagai Hall, and lists the Veritable Records of Xianzong among his associated works.
24. [24] Character and criticism Liu Ji was described as calculating and self-serving and was constantly attacked by censorial officials.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The accounts describe him as calculating and self-serving and note that he was constantly criticized and attacked by censorial officials.
25. [25] Liu Mianhua He remained in the Grand Secretariat for eighteen years and was nicknamed "Liu Mianhua", 劉綿花 or 劉緜花, meaning that he was "impeachment-proof".
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records that he stayed in the Grand Secretariat for eighteen years and was nicknamed Liu Mianhua, meaning that he was resistant to impeachment; the alias is also recorded.
    • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records the alternative name 劉緜花.
    • WikidataLiu Ji (Q10899499)Wikidata records the alias 劉緜花.
26. [26] Promoting censorial officials He proposed promoting dozens of censorial officials such as He Qin and Qiang Zhen in order to win them over.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records his proposal to promote dozens of censorial officials such as He Qin and Qiang Zhen as a way of winning them over.
27. [27] Expulsions When Lin Jun, Zhang Sheng, Cao Lin, Ouyang Dan, Fang Xiang and Chen Song continued to impeach him, he joined with the eunuch Jiang Cong to expel many ministers and censors, after which critics fell silent.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records that when Lin Jun and others continued to criticize him, he cooperated with the eunuch Jiang Cong to expel many ministers and censors, after which critics gradually fell silent.
28. [28] Early Hongzhi purges In the early Hongzhi reign, trusted by the emperor, he launched several great purges and demoted his opponents.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records that in the early Hongzhi reign, enjoying imperial trust, he launched several great purges and demoted those who opposed him.
29. [29] Enfeoffment dispute In 1492, the fifth year of Hongzhi, when Emperor Xiaozong wished to enfeoff the empress's younger brother as a count, Liu Ji insisted that the sons of the two empress dowagers' families be enfeoffed first.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records that in 1492, the fifth year of Hongzhi, when Xiaozong wished to enfeoff the empress's brother as a count, Liu Ji insisted that the sons of the two empress dowagers' families be enfeoffed first.
30. [30] Retirement The emperor, displeased, sent eunuchs to suggest his retirement, and Liu Ji submitted a memorial of withdrawal.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records that the emperor, displeased, sent eunuchs to his house to suggest his retirement, whereupon Liu Ji submitted a memorial of withdrawal.
31. [31] Examination proposal Suspecting that the attacks came from failed provincial graduates, he proposed barring three-time failures from the metropolitan examination, but the proposal was never carried out.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The account records that, suspecting the criticism came from failed provincial graduates, he proposed barring those who failed the metropolitan examination three times from taking it again, a proposal that was never carried out.
32. [32] Death and honours He died a year after returning home and was posthumously granted the title Grand Preceptor and the posthumous name Wenmu.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The accounts record that he died a year after returning home and was granted the title Grand Preceptor and the posthumous name Wenmu.
    • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records the title Grand Preceptor in 1493 and the posthumous name Wenmu.
    • WikidataLiu Ji (Q10899499)Wikidata records the posthumous name 文穆.
33. [33] Compilations He took part in compiling the Da Ming yitong zhi, Huanyu tongzhi, Veritable Records of Emperor Yingzong, Veritable Records of Emperor Xianzong, Wenhua daxun, Xianzong baoxun and Xu Zizhi tongjian gangmu, and served as a director-general of compilation in the early Hongzhi reign.
    • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB lists the Da Ming yitong zhi, Huanyu tongzhi, Veritable Records of Xianzong, Wenhua daxun, Veritable Records of Emperor Yingzong, Xu Zizhi tongjian gangmu and Xianzong baoxun among the works associated with him and records him as director-general of compilation in the early Hongzhi reign.
    • Souyun劉吉 (42909)The accounts record his part in compiling the Huanyu tongzhi, the Veritable Records of Yingzong, the Wenhua daxun and the Veritable Records of Xianzong.
34. [34] Family His great-grandfather was Liu Shaoxian, grandfather Liu Jie, father Liu Fu, mother née Qi; he was the second of the brothers, with elder brother Liu Qing and younger brothers Liu Ning, Liu Tai and Liu Heng.
    • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records his great-grandfather Liu Shaoxian, grandfather Liu Jie, father Liu Fu, mother née Qi, elder brother Liu Qing, younger brothers Liu Ning, Liu Tai and Liu Heng, and gives his fraternal rank as the second.
35. [35] Wife and sons He married a woman of the Duan family and had sons Liu Wei and Liu Gao.
    • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records his wife of the Duan family and his sons Liu Wei and Liu Gao.
36. [36] Spirit-path stele After his death, Xu Pu composed his spirit-path stele inscription.
    • CBDBLiu Ji (67530)CBDB records that his spirit-path stele inscription was composed by Xu Pu.