Shen Deqian

TimelineCBDB

1. 1744 鄉試考官
2. 1748 會試考官

Office recordsCBDB

FamilyCBDB

AliasesCBDB

• 夕陽黃葉村舍 未詳
• 宛委山堂 室名、別號
• 峴山 字
• 彜白齋 室名、別號
• 文??? 諡號
• 春田草堂 未詳
• 歸愚 室名、別號
• 歸愚老人 未詳
• 歸愚齋 室名、別號
• 確士 字
• 碻士 字
• 竹嘯軒 室名、別號

StatusCBDB

• 精通詩(詞曲)之聲韻音律

AssociationsCBDB

ExaminationsCBDB

WorksCBDB

Citations

1. [1] Name, dates, and identity Shen Deqian lived from 1673 to 1769 and is identified as a Qing poet and scholar.
   • CBDBShen Deqian (54319)These fields provide his name, life dates, and Qing-dynasty affiliation.
   • Souyun沈德潛 (66224)The biographical entries give his dates and describe him as a Qing scholar and poet.
   • WikidataShen Deqian (Q11138272)The entity record supplies the English name and identifies him as a Qing poet.
2. [2] Courtesy name and sobriquets His courtesy name was Queshi, with the variants 碻士 and Xianshan, while Guiyu and several studio names were also used.
   • CBDBShen Deqian (54319)The alternate-name fields classify Queshi, Xianshan, and the other listed names as courtesy names, studio names, or sobriquets.
   • Souyun沈德潛 (66224)The profile gives 确士 as the courtesy name and 归愚 as the sobriquet.
   • WikidataShen Deqian (Q11138272)The name and claim records independently preserve the romanized and Chinese forms of his courtesy name, sobriquet, and studio names.
3. [3] Native place He was from Changzhou in Wu County, Jiangsu, identified with present-day Suzhou.
   • CBDBShen Deqian (54319)The address fields identify Changzhou as his basic native place.
   • Souyun沈德潛 (66224)The profile and biographies specify Changzhou, Wu County, now Suzhou in Jiangsu.
4. [4] Early hardship and examinations He lived in poverty, supported himself by teaching for more than forty years, and passed only after seventeen examination attempts at age sixty-seven.
   • Souyun沈德潛 (66224)The biographical entry records his poverty, more than forty years of teaching, seventeen examination attempts, and success at sixty-seven.
5. [5] Family His recorded family connections include his father 沈鍾彥, great-grandfather 沈世烈, thirteenth-generation ancestor 沈壽四, and grandson 沈維熙.
   • CBDBShen Deqian (54319)The kinship fields list his father, great-grandfather, thirteenth-generation ancestor, and grandson, including his father's dates.
6. [6] Teacher and fellow students He studied poetry under 葉燮, shared a school with 葉長揚, and later joined other fellow students at a banquet in 二棄草堂.
   • Souyun沈德潛 (66224)The biographical entry explicitly says that he studied poetry under 葉燮 in his early years.
   • CBDBShen Deqian (54319)The association fields identify the teacher and fellow students and describe the dingmao gathering at 二棄草堂 and its Xiangshan–Luoxia comparison.
7. [7] Friends and students 葉酉, 余蕭客, and 尤怡 are listed as friends, 倪承茂 as a close friend, and the named later figures as his students.
   • CBDBShen Deqian (54319)The association records classify the named friends and students and separately describe 倪承茂 as a close friend.
8. [8] Examinations and entry into office In 1736 he took the Boxue Hongci examination as a licentiate; in 1739 he passed the jinshi examination, became a Shujishi, and was appointed a Compiler.
   • CBDBShen Deqian (54319)The examination fields record the jinshi and special examination qualifications.
   • Souyun沈德潛 (66224)The biographical entries record the licentiate's Boxue Hongci examination, the Qianlong fourth-year jinshi degree, the Shujishi appointment, and the compiler post; date labels map the reign years to 1736 and 1739.
9. [9] Career He successively held the posts of Reader, Left Junior Compiler, Academic Lecturer, diarist of daily court affairs, and Grand Academician, eventually becoming Vice Minister of Rites.
   • CBDBShen Deqian (54319)The office fields include the post of 禮部侍郎.
   • Souyun沈德潛 (66224)The biographies and title list provide this promotion sequence and the final Rites post.
10. [10] Examinerships He served as the Hubei provincial examiner in 1744 and as a metropolitan examiner in 1748.
    • CBDBShen Deqian (54319)The office fields connect 1744 with the Hubei provincial examinership and list the 1748 metropolitan examinership.
11. [11] Hanlin service and retirement After entering the Hanlin Academy, he composed responses to imperial poems, rose to the senior ministers within five years, and retired with his original rank in 1749.
    • Souyun沈德潛 (66224)The preface describes his Hanlin service, imperial poetic responses, rapid promotion, and nearly daily commanded responses; the biography records retirement in the fourteenth year, mapped to 1749.
12. [12] Honors and posthumous name He received the additional designations Shangshu and Taizi Taifu, was posthumously granted Taizi Taishi, and had the posthumous name 文愨, also written 文慤.
    • Souyun沈德潛 (66224)The biographies list the additional Shangshu and Taizi Taifu designations, the posthumous Taizi Taishi grant, and the 文愨 posthumous name.
    • WikidataShen Deqian (Q11138272)The name claims preserve both 文慤 and 文愨 as forms of the posthumous name.
13. [13] Late travels and literary record After receiving leave in retirement, he traveled to Huangshan and Tiantai and produced the corresponding travel works.
    • Souyun沈德潛 (66224)The prefaces and afterwords describe his leisure travel to Huangshan and Tiantai and the poems produced from those journeys.
14. [14] Xu Shukui case When the Xu Shukui case arose in the forty-third Qianlong year, his posthumous name was removed and his tomb stele destroyed because he had written a preface to Xu's Yizhulou Poems.
    • Souyun沈德潛 (66224)The biography connects the Xu Shukui case with his preface to Yizhulou Poems and the subsequent removal of the posthumous name and destruction of the tomb stele.
15. [15] Poetic theory He mastered poetic prosody, emphasized formal rules and regulated style, advocated poetry as moral instruction, and valued bixing, remonstrative satire, and cultivation beyond verbal craft.
    • CBDBShen Deqian (54319)The expertise field identifies his mastery of the tonal and prosodic rules of poetry and ci.
    • Souyun沈德潛 (66224)The biographical and critical texts address formal rules, regulated style, poetry as moral instruction, bixing, remonstrance, and work beyond verbal ornament.
16. [16] Critical assessments The sources preserve both a criticism of his poetry as orderly but lacking in talent and a highly favorable preface comparing it with Li, Du, Gao, and Wang and praising restraint of ornament.
    • Souyun沈德潛 (66224)The biographical summary and prefaces preserve contrasting critical judgments, from criticism of insufficient talent to strong praise and comparison with earlier masters.
17. [17] Poetic and prose works His works include the listed poetry collections, poetic treatise, travel works, autobiography, and other writings.
    • CBDBShen Deqian (54319)The works fields list 矢音集, 暢敘譜, 自訂年譜, 竹嘯軒詩稿, and 說詩晬語, with authorship roles for several items.
    • Souyun沈德潛 (66224)The biographies and related prefaces and afterwords list the poetry collections, poetic treatise, travel works, and other titles.
18. [18] Anthologies He compiled the named ancient, Tang, Ming, and Qing poetry anthologies, including the work later known as 清詩別裁集 and 國朝別裁集.
    • CBDBShen Deqian (54319)The works fields include 國朝詩別裁 and 國朝別裁集.
    • Souyun沈德潛 (66224)The biographical entries explicitly list his compilations and note the later name 清詩別裁集.
19. [19] Influence and critical selection He highly valued Cui Hao's Yellow Crane Tower in 唐詩別裁, and his anthologies were broadly influential.
    • Souyun沈德潛 (66224)The entry notes his high evaluation of Cui Hao's Yellow Crane Tower in 唐詩別裁 and describes the broad influence of his works.