Huang Tingjian

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life and career

In 1067, the fourth year of the Zhiping era, he passed the jinshi examination[8]. He was then appointed county lieutenant of Ye[9]. At the beginning of the Xining era, he became a professor at the Beijing Imperial College[10]. Wen Yanbo valued his ability[11].

In 1080, the third year of Yuanfeng, he became magistrate of Taihe in Ji prefecture; in 1083, the sixth year, he was assigned to supervise Deping Town in Dezhou[12]. As magistrate of Taihe, he governed through moderation and simplicity[13]. After Zhezong's accession, he was summoned as 校書郎 and reviewer of 《神宗實錄》[14]. The following year he advanced to 著作佐郎 and 集賢校理, and was promoted to 起居舍人 and 秘書丞[15]. He also served as a compiler of the national history[16]. His other appointments included governor of Shu prefecture, county registrar of Yugan, commander of Nanping Army, and the titles 朝請郎 and 上輕車都尉[17].

At the beginning of the Shaosheng era, he was sent out as governor of Xuanzhou and then Ezhou[18]. Zhang Dun and Cai Bian impeached him, alleging that his work on the 《神宗實錄》 contained many fabrications[19]. He was demoted to assistant prefect of Fuzhou, placed under residence in Qianzhou, and later transferred to Rongzhou[20]. He was also placed on the Yuanyou Party roster[21]. When Huizong ascended the throne, he was recalled and appointed governor of Taiping[22]. He was soon stripped of office for a literary offense and confined to Yizhou[23]. He died in 1105 at his place of banishment in Yizhou[24], aged sixty-one[25].

Thought, poetry, and calligraphy

Huang Tingjian was a devout Buddhist and a dharma heir of the Chan master Huanglong Zuxin (1025–1100)[26]. He excelled in poetry, ci lyrics, and prose, was recognized by Su Shi, and, with Zhang Lei, Chao Buzhi, and Qin Guan, was known as one of the Four Scholars of Su Shi's circle[27]. He is also grouped among the Six Worthies of Su Men[28].

His poetics revered Du Fu, emphasized rhetoric and sentence-making, insisted that “not a single character lacks a source,” and founded the Jiangxi poetry school[29]. His poetry was deeply conceived, rich in allusion, and distinctive in style; he was ranked with Su Shi as “Su-Huang,” and with Du Fu, Chen Shidao, and Chen Yuyi as the “One Ancestor and Three Masters”[30]. His calligraphy excelled in the running and cursive scripts, while his regular script developed an individual style; with Su Shi, Mi Fu, and Cai Xiang, he was counted among the Four Great Song Calligraphers[31].

Works

His works include 《豫章黃先生文集》, 《外集》, 《別集》, 《遺文》, 《山谷老人刀筆》, and 《山谷琴趣外篇》[32]. Other titles include 《豫章集》, 《山谷集》, and 《山谷詞》[33]. The catalogue also lists 《山谷題跋》, 《涪翁雜說 一卷》, and 《士大夫食時五觀 一卷》[34].

Legacy and surviving traces

During the Yuanyou era (1086–1094), he repeatedly visited the Yellow Crane Tower and the South Tower and wrote four poems titled 《鄂州南樓書事》; the line “江東湖北行畫圖，鄂州南樓天下無” became a celebrated line about the South Tower[35]. The ancient stele gallery of the Yellow Crane Tower still preserves a “燕蝶” couplet stele assembled and engraved from characters in his calligraphy[36].

TimelineCBDB

  1. 1094 知某州軍州事
  2. 1094 知某州軍州事
  3. 1102 朝請郎
  4. 1102 知某軍事

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
知某州軍州事10941094Era unknown鄂州
知某州軍州事10941094Era unknown宣州
朝請郎1102Era unknown
知某軍事11021102Era unknown南平軍
Year unknown9
OfficeEraPosting
上輕車都尉Era unknownUnknown
實錄院檢討官Era unknownUnknown
教授Era unknown大名府
知某州軍州事Era unknown舒州
知某州軍州事Era unknown太平州
知某縣事Era unknown太和
縣主簿Era unknown餘干
縣尉Era unknown葉縣
著作佐郎Era unknownUnknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
祖父黃湜–
父黃庶–
岳父孫覺1028–1090
岳父謝景初1020–1084
母舅李布–
從父;伯叔父黃昉–
姻親孫鼛1042–1127
兄黃大臨–
弟黃叔達–
弟黃仲熊1020–1055
從弟黃仲堪–
妻兄孫端–
第一任妻孫氏(黃庭堅妻)–1069
內兄弟;妻兄弟王該–
妹夫洪民師–
妹夫張塤–
第二任妻謝氏(黃庭堅妻)–
從子;姪子黃虨–
從子;姪子黃樸–
從子;姪子黃榛–
從子;姪子黃檥–
從子;姪子黃極–
從子;姪子黃棣–
外甥洪朋–
外甥洪炎–
外甥洪芻–
外甥洪羽–
外甥孟揚–
子黃相–
姪孫;從孫黃㽦1150–1212
姪孫;從孫黃談–
孫黃然–
直系後裔黃景仁1749–1783
妻姊謝氏(胥茂諶妻)1045–1075

AliasesCBDB

  • 八桂老人 未詳
  • 太史 未詳
  • 山谷 室名、別號
  • 文節先生 諡號
  • 涪翁 室名、別號
  • 繩權 小名
  • 魯直 字
  • 豫章先生 室名、別號

StatusCBDB

  • 書法家
  • 詩人
  • 史學家
  • 文人
  • 詞人
  • 入元祐黨籍者
  • [為官者：文]

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
陳師道友–
蘇軾友–
張耒友–
王直方友–
王獻可友1097–
李冲元友1097–
楊琳友–
葛敏修友1097–
李才甫友–
林師仲友–
高荷友–
章君庭友–
黃斌老友–
楊崈友–
潘谷友–
李忱友–
吳蔚同年友1097–
胡彥明同年友–
劉拯彈劾–
劉拯被劉拯彈劾1097–
黃履被黃履彈劾1097–
晁載之推薦1097–
蘇軾被蘇軾推薦–
劉拯遭到劉拯的反對/攻訐–
王安石被王安石欣賞/器重–
蘇軾被蘇軾欣賞/器重–
王闢之欣賞/器重–
晁仲詢欣賞/器重–
陳汝器欣賞/器重1097–
成子欣賞/器重–
侍其瑛欣賞/器重–
曹靖欣賞/器重–
蘇軾為蘇軾之門人–
宋完門人為宋完–
李常為李常之學生1059–
潘淳學生為潘淳–
范溫學生為范溫–
張才叔學生為張才叔–
崔子方學生為崔子方–
黃沇學生為黃沇–
楊皓學生為楊皓–
蔡相學生為蔡相–
劉瑜學生為劉瑜–
陳知儉為陳知儉所著書作序1097–
陳師道為陳師道所著書作序–
王鞏為王鞏所著書作序1097–
龐安時為龐安時所著書作序1097–
晏幾道為晏幾道所著書作序–
范正民為范正民所著書作序–
劉季孫為劉季孫所著書作序1097–
林逋為林逋所著書作序1097–
王寅為王寅所著書作序–
胡堯卿為胡堯卿所著書作序–
畢憲父為畢憲父所著書作序–
黃極為黃極所著書作序–
黃棣為黃棣所著書作序–
劉明仲為劉明仲所著書作序–
釋文悅為釋文悅所著書作序–
釋元祐為釋元祐所著書作序–
釋可真為釋可真所著書作序–
釋道臻為釋道臻所著書作序–
釋慕喆為釋慕喆所著書作序–
魏了翁書序由魏了翁所作–
王銍書序由王銍所作–
洪咨夔書序由洪咨夔所作–
江端禮弟子為江端禮–
晁補之墓誌銘由晁補之所作–
沈遼為沈遼作墓誌銘–
魏瓘為魏瓘作墓誌銘1097–
晁端友為晁端友作墓誌銘1097–
孫氏(黃庭堅妻)為孫氏(黃庭堅妻)作墓誌銘–
謝氏(黃庭堅妻)為謝氏(黃庭堅妻)作墓誌銘–
謝氏(胥茂諶妻)為謝氏(胥茂諶妻)作墓誌銘–
張傑為張傑作墓誌銘1097–
張渭為張渭作墓誌銘1097–
胥茂諶為胥茂諶作墓誌銘–
史扶為史扶作墓誌銘1097–
潘萃為潘萃作墓誌銘1097–
黃育為黃育作墓誌銘–
陳庸為陳庸作墓誌銘1097–
宋斑為宋斑作墓誌銘1097–
狄遵禮為狄遵禮作墓誌銘–
徐彥伯為徐彥伯作墓誌銘–
黃仲熊為黃仲熊作墓誌銘–
劉恕為劉恕作墓誌銘–
劉和叔為劉和叔作墓誌銘–
吳革為吳革作墓誌銘–
尹宗輿為尹宗輿作墓誌銘–
韓復為韓復作墓誌銘1097–
青陽簡為青陽簡作墓誌銘1097–
張公邵為張公邵作墓誌銘–
姚原道為姚原道作墓誌銘1097–
陶弼為陶弼作墓誌銘1097–
陳綱為陳綱作墓誌銘1097–
蒲遠猶為蒲遠猶作墓誌銘–
李堯臣為李堯臣作墓誌銘–
李漢臣為李漢臣作墓誌銘–
王默為王默作墓誌銘–
王潀為王潀作墓誌銘–
王肱為王肱作墓誌銘–

Showing the first 100 of 778 records; the interactive page loads the full list.

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
宜州乙酉家乘
山谷別集詩注
山谷詩集注
山谷外集詩注
豫章先生文集
山谷題跋撰著者
涪翁雜說 一卷撰著者
士大夫食時五觀 一卷撰著者

Citations

  1. [1] Identity and dates Huang Tingjian lived from 1045 to 1105 and was a Northern Song poet and calligrapher.
    • CBDBHuang Tingjian (7111)The basic record supplies his name, dates, Song affiliation, and poet and calligrapher identities.
    • Souyun黃庭堅 (34455)The biographical texts give his dates and identify him as a Northern Song poet and calligrapher.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database黃庭堅 (A008471)The authority entry provides his name, dates, dynasty, and literary and calligraphic profile.
    • WikidataHuang Tingjian (Q709460)The entity entry gives the English name and a Song-period poet and artist description with his dates, while its Chinese description specifies calligraphy.
  2. [2] Courtesy name His courtesy name was Luzhi.
  3. [3] Sobriquets He was also known as 山谷道人 and 涪翁.
  4. [4] Native place He came from Fenning in Hongzhou, modern Xiushui in Jiangxi.
  5. [5] Family background He was the second son of 黃庶 and a grandson of 黃湜.
  6. [6] Siblings His elder brother was 黃大臨 and his younger brother was 黃叔達.
    • CBDBHuang Tingjian (7111)The kinship entries list 黃大臨 as elder brother and 黃叔達 as younger brother.
  7. [7] Marriages and in-laws He married 孫氏 and 謝氏; his fathers-in-law included 孫覺 and 謝景初.
    • CBDBHuang Tingjian (7111)The kinship entries list the first and second wives as 孫氏 and 謝氏 and list 孫覺 and 謝景初 as fathers-in-law.
  8. [8] Jinshi degree He passed the jinshi examination in 1067, the fourth year of the Zhiping era.
    • CBDBHuang Tingjian (7111)The examination entry identifies his degree as 進士.
    • Souyun黃庭堅 (34455)The biographies identify the Zhiping fourth-year jinshi degree and give the year 1067.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database黃庭堅 (A008471)The authority note gives the Zhiping fourth-year, 1067, jinshi degree.
  9. [9] First appointment He was then appointed county lieutenant of Ye.
  10. [10] Imperial College professorship At the beginning of the Xining era, he became a professor at the Beijing Imperial College.
    • Souyun黃庭堅 (34455)The biographies place his Beijing Imperial College professorship at the beginning of Xining or in its fifth year.
    • CBDBHuang Tingjian (7111)The office entries list a professorship at Daming prefecture.
  11. [11] Wen Yanbo's regard Wen Yanbo valued his ability.
  12. [12] Yuanfeng appointments In 1080 he became magistrate of Taihe in Ji prefecture, and in 1083 he was assigned to supervise Deping Town in Dezhou.
    • Souyun黃庭堅 (34455)The biography gives both Yuanfeng dates and the Taihe and Deping Town appointments.
  13. [13] Taihe administration As magistrate of Taihe, he governed through moderation and simplicity.
    • Souyun黃庭堅 (34455)The biography characterizes his administration of Taihe as 平易.
  14. [14] Zhezong appointments After Zhezong's accession, he was summoned as 校書郎 and reviewer of 《神宗實錄》.
    • Souyun黃庭堅 (34455)The biographies describe his summons as 校書郎 and his work reviewing 《神宗實錄》.
    • CBDBHuang Tingjian (7111)The office entries include the Shilu reviewer's post.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database黃庭堅 (A008471)The authority note also says that he was summoned as 校書郎 to oversee compilation of 《神宗實錄》.
  15. [15] Promotions The following year he advanced to 著作佐郎 and 集賢校理 and was promoted to 起居舍人 and 秘書丞.
  16. [16] National history He also served as a compiler of the national history.
    • Souyun黃庭堅 (34455)The biography gives him the concurrent national-history editorial post.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database黃庭堅 (A008471)The authority note says that he presided over the compilation of 《神宗實錄》.
  17. [17] Other offices His other appointments included posts in Shu, Yugan, and Nanping Army, as well as the titles 朝請郎 and 上輕車都尉.
    • CBDBHuang Tingjian (7111)The office entries list the Shu, Yugan, and Nanping Army posts and the two titles.
  18. [18] Xuanzhou and Ezhou At the beginning of Shaosheng, he became governor of Xuanzhou and then Ezhou.
    • Souyun黃庭堅 (34455)The biographies give his successive Shaosheng appointments at Xuanzhou and Ezhou.
    • CBDBHuang Tingjian (7111)The office entries list prefectural posts at Xuanzhou and Ezhou.
  19. [19] Impeachment and demotion Zhang Dun and Cai Bian impeached him, alleging that his work on the History of Shenzong contained many fabrications.
    • Souyun黃庭堅 (34455)The biographies name Zhang Dun and Cai Bian and give their accusation about 《神宗實錄》.
  20. [20] Later transfer He was demoted to Fuzhou, placed under residence in Qianzhou, and later transferred to Rongzhou.
    • Souyun黃庭堅 (34455)The biographies give the Fuzhou demotion, Qianzhou placement, and later move to Rongzhou.
  21. [21] Yuanyou Party roster Huang Tingjian was placed on the Yuanyou Party roster.
  22. [22] Recall and Taiping After Huizong's accession, he was recalled and appointed governor of Taiping.
  23. [23] Final banishment He was stripped of office for a literary offense and confined to Yizhou.
    • Souyun黃庭堅 (34455)The biography gives his removal for a literary offense and confinement at Yizhou.
  24. [24] Death He died in 1105 at his place of banishment in Yizhou.
  25. [25] Age at death He was sixty-one years old at his death.
  26. [26] Buddhism He was a devout Buddhist and a dharma heir of Huanglong Zuxin.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database黃庭堅 (A008471)The authority note describes his Buddhist faith, dharma succession, and the master's dates.
  27. [27] Poetry and Su Shi circle He excelled in poetry, ci lyrics, and prose, was recognized by Su Shi, and was known with Zhang Lei, Chao Buzhi, and Qin Guan as one of the Four Scholars of Su Shi's circle.
    • Souyun黃庭堅 (34455)The biography describes his poetry, lyrics, and prose, his connection with Su Shi, and the Four Scholars group.
    • CBDBHuang Tingjian (7111)The association and status entries support his poetic identity and the named Su Shi circle.
  28. [28] Six Worthies He is also grouped among the Six Worthies of Su Men.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database黃庭堅 (A008471)The group entry places him among 蘇門六君子.
  29. [29] Poetic theory His poetics revered Du Fu, emphasized rhetoric and sentence-making, insisted that not a single character lacks a source, and founded the Jiangxi poetry school.
    • Souyun黃庭堅 (34455)The biographical texts give his esteem for Du Fu, concern with diction and syntax, maxim about sources, and founding role in the Jiangxi school.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database黃庭堅 (A008471)The authority note identifies him as a representative poet of the Jiangxi school.
  30. [30] Poetic style and rankings His poetry was deeply conceived, allusive, and distinctive in style; he was associated with Su Shi as Su-Huang and with Du Fu, Chen Shidao, and Chen Yuyi as the One Ancestor and Three Masters.
    • Souyun黃庭堅 (34455)The biographical text describes the poetry's depth, allusiveness, distinctive style, and the Su-Huang pairing.
  31. [31] Calligraphy He excelled in running and cursive scripts, developed an individual regular-script style, and was counted with Su Shi, Mi Fu, and Cai Xiang among the Four Great Song Calligraphers.
    • Souyun黃庭堅 (34455)The biographies describe his running, cursive, and regular scripts and his place among the Song's four great calligraphers.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database黃庭堅 (A008471)The authority note names his running and cursive calligraphy and the three fellow members of the Song Four.
    • CBDBHuang Tingjian (7111)The status entry identifies him as a calligrapher.
  32. [32] Major works His major works include the six collections named in the biographical text.
  33. [33] Other named works Other named works include 《豫章集》, 《山谷集》, and 《山谷詞》.
  34. [34] Additional works The catalogue also lists 《山谷題跋》, 《涪翁雜說》, and 《士大夫食時五觀》.
    • CBDBHuang Tingjian (7111)The works list includes 《山谷題跋》, 《涪翁雜說》 in one volume, and 《士大夫食時五觀》 in one volume.
  35. [35] Yellow Crane Tower visits During the Yuanyou era, he visited the Yellow Crane Tower and South Tower repeatedly, wrote four poems on Ezhou's South Tower, and left a celebrated line about it.
    • Souyun黃庭堅 (34455)The biography gives the Yuanyou dates, visits, four poems, and the quoted line.
  36. [36] 燕蝶 stele The Yellow Crane Tower stele gallery still preserves a couplet stele assembled and engraved from characters in his calligraphy.
    • Souyun黃庭堅 (34455)The biography describes the existing 燕蝶 couplet stele and its calligraphic source.