Fang Fengshi

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life and career

His great-grandfather was Fang Mengding, his grandfather Fang Chong, and his father Fang Heng; his mother was Kong. His younger brothers were Fang Fengyuan, Fang Fengji, and Fang Fengyin, and his wife was surnamed Zhou.[5] In the nineteenth year of Jiajing (1540), he placed thirty-seventh in the Huguang provincial examination and became a juren;[6] in the twentieth year (1541), he passed the Xin-chou metropolitan examination and palace examination,[7] ranking 199th in the metropolitan examination and thirty-first in the third class.[8]

In the twenty-first year of Jiajing (1542), he was appointed magistrate of Yixing County in Changzhou Prefecture, Zhili; he subsequently served as magistrate of Ningjin and Quzhou.[9] He was then promoted to a secretary in the Ministry of Revenue and later to a langzhong in the Ministry of Works, before becoming prefect of Ningguo.[10] When bandit uprisings broke out in Guangdong and Jiangxi, he was appointed Guangdong military-defense vice commissioner and suppressed them with the military commander Yu Dayou.[11]

At the beginning of the Longqing era (1567), he was transferred to the Xuanfu-Koubei circuit and made Right Administrative Commissioner;[12] he was soon promoted to Right Assistant Censor-in-Chief and appointed governor of Liaodong, and in the first month of Longqing 4 (1570) he was transferred to Datong.[13] While serving in Liaodong and Datong, he dealt with Altan Khan. Altan sent envoys to conclude an agreement; his grandson Bahanagi surrendered, peace was restored between the Ming and the Tatars, and Fang was promoted for this success to Vice Minister of War, concurrently holding the office of Right Assistant Censor-in-Chief.[14] He soon returned home on mourning leave.[15]

At the beginning of the Wanli era (1573), Fang was recalled to office and made grand coordinator of the military affairs of Xuanfu, Datong, and Shanxi. Working with Minister of War Wang Chonggu, he jointly settled the major policy, and the frontier became peaceful.[16] He was successively promoted to Minister of War, concurrently Right Deputy Censor-in-Chief, retained his command, and received the title Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent;[17] soon afterward, he succeeded Wang Chonggu as minister, took charge of the Ministry of Personnel, and received the title Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent. For pacifying the two Guang, he was promoted to Junior Guardian.[18] After repeatedly requesting retirement, he received an imperial calligraphic inscription reading 「盡忠」 and returned home.[19] He died in the twenty-fourth year of Wanli (1596).[20]

Works and associations

He authored the collection *Da Yin lou ji* (*Collected Works of the Great Hidden Tower*).[21] Zhou Yi wrote a sacrificial text for him and gave him parting words;[22] Fang also received congratulatory words from Wan Shihe and sent a letter to Zhang Juzheng.[23]

Office recordsCBDB

Year unknown8
OfficeEraPosting
兵備道Era unknown惠州府
右參政隆慶山西布政司
大總督Era unknownUnknown
尚書Era unknownUnknown
知府嘉靖寧國府
知縣嘉靖宜興
知縣嘉靖寧津
知縣嘉靖曲周

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
曾祖方孟錠–
祖父方寵–
父方亨–
母孔氏(方逢時母)–
弟方逢源–
弟方逢吉–
弟方逢寅–
妻子周氏(方逢時妻)–

AliasesCBDB

  • 三 行第
  • 兆行 字
  • 樗野 字
  • 行之 字
  • 行之 室名、別號
  • 金湖 室名、別號

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
周怡祭文由周怡所作–
周怡臨別得到周怡所作贈言(送別詩、序)–
萬士和從萬士和處收到賀詞 (occasion)–
崔涯從崔涯處收到賀詞 (occasion)–
張居正致書張居正–
張居正致書張居正–
張居正致書張居正–
張居正致書張居正–
張居正致書張居正–
張居正致書張居正–
張居正致書張居正–
張居正致書張居正–
張居正致書張居正–
張居正致書張居正–
張居正致書張居正–
張居正致書張居正–
張居正致書張居正–
張居正致書張居正–
張居正致書張居正–
張居正致書張居正–
張居正致書張居正–
吳兌致書吳兌–
呂調陽致書呂調陽–
蔡汝賢致書蔡汝賢–
吳國倫被致書由吳國倫–
吳國倫被致書由吳國倫–
張居正被致書由張居正–
張居正被致書由張居正–
費尚伊被致書由費尚伊–
張居正答張居正書–
溫純收到溫純的答書–
吳國倫收到吳國倫的答書–
吳國倫收到吳國倫的答書–
張居正收到張居正的答書–
張居正收到張居正的答書–
張居正收到張居正的答書–
張居正收到張居正的答書–
張居正收到張居正的答書–
張居正收到張居正的答書–
張居正收到張居正的答書–
張居正收到張居正的答書–
張居正收到張居正的答書–
張居正收到張居正的答書–
張居正收到張居正的答書–
張居正收到張居正的答書–
張居正收到張居正的答書–
劉景韶收到劉景韶的答書–
艾穆詩文序由艾穆所作–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)第三甲第三十一名
科舉: 鄉貢舉人
學校: 生員(庠生)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
大隱樓集撰著者

Citations

  1. [1] Dates and identity Fang Fengshi's birth year is divided between 1522 and 1523, while his death year is 1596; he is identified as a Ming political and military figure.
    • CBDBFang Fengshi (125000)The main record names Fang Fengshi, gives 1522 as his birth year and 1596 as his death year, and places him in the Ming dynasty.
    • Souyun方逢時 (46647)The profile and biographical texts give both 1523–1596 and 1522–1596, and describe him as a Ming political and military figure.
    • WikidataFang Fengshi (Q11085034)The entity is labeled Fang Fengshi, described as a Ming-dynasty person, and its date values give 1523 and 1596.
  2. [2] Names His zi is given as Zhaoxing, Chuye, or Xingzhi, while Jinhu is his hao.
    • CBDBFang Fengshi (125000)The name entries classify Zhaoxing, Chuye, and Xingzhi as zi and list Xingzhi and Jinhu as studio names or sobriquets.
    • Souyun方逢時 (46647)The profile and biographical texts confirm the zi Xingzhi and Zhaoxing, the hao Jinhu, and the alternate form Xingzhi.
    • WikidataFang Fengshi (Q11085034)The name data lists Jinhu, Xingzhi, and Zhaoxing as aliases.
  3. [3] Birth-order name His birth-order designation is San.
  4. [4] Hometown Fang Fengshi was from Jiayu in Huguang, now in Hubei.
    • CBDBFang Fengshi (125000)The address entries repeatedly identify Jiayu as his native place or registered residence.
    • Souyun方逢時 (46647)The profile identifies him as a native of Jiayu in Huguang, now Hubei, and the biographical texts likewise give Jiayu as his native place.
  5. [5] Family His great-grandfather, grandfather, parents, three younger brothers, and wife are all named.
    • CBDBFang Fengshi (125000)The family entries name great-grandfather Fang Mengding, grandfather Fang Chong, father Fang Heng, mother Kong, younger brothers Fang Fengyuan, Fang Fengji, and Fang Fengyin, and wife Zhou.
  6. [6] Provincial examination In 1540, Fang Fengshi ranked thirty-seventh in the Huguang provincial examination and became a juren.
    • Souyun方逢時 (46647)The biographical text gives the 1540 Huguang provincial examination and the thirty-seventh-ranked juren.
  7. [7] Jinshi degree In 1541, Fang Fengshi passed the Xin-chou examination and became a jinshi.
    • CBDBFang Fengshi (125000)The examination entry confirms his jinshi qualification.
    • Souyun方逢時 (46647)The profile and biographical texts confirm his Jiajing 20 jinshi status, with the Xin-chou cohort specified in the detailed text.
  8. [8] Examination ranks He ranked 199th in the metropolitan examination and thirty-first in the third class of the palace examination.
    • CBDBFang Fengshi (125000)The examination entries give the metropolitan rank 199 and the third-class palace-examination rank thirty-first.
    • Souyun方逢時 (46647)The biographical text gives the metropolitan rank 199 and the third-class rank thirty-first.
  9. [9] Early offices He served as magistrate of Yixing, Ningjin, and Quzhou.
    • CBDBFang Fengshi (125000)The office entries list the magistracies of Yixing, Ningjin, and Quzhou in the Jiajing era.
    • Souyun方逢時 (46647)The biographical text states that he became Yixing magistrate in 1542 and later served in Ningjin and Quzhou.
  10. [10] Revenue, Works, and Ningguo He later served in the Ministry of Revenue, the Ministry of Works, and as prefect of Ningguo.
    • CBDBFang Fengshi (125000)The office entries list the prefecture of Ningguo.
    • Souyun方逢時 (46647)The profile and biographical text list the Ministry of Revenue secretary, Ministry of Works langzhong, and Ningguo prefecture among his offices and describe their sequence.
  11. [11] Guangdong military service After uprisings in Guangdong and Jiangxi, he served as Guangdong military-defense vice commissioner and suppressed them with Yu Dayou.
    • Souyun方逢時 (46647)The biographical text describes the Guangdong and Jiangxi uprisings, his appointment as Guangdong military-defense vice commissioner, and the joint suppression with Yu Dayou.
  12. [12] Longqing appointment At the beginning of Longqing, he was transferred to the Xuanfu-Koubei circuit and made Right Administrative Commissioner.
    • CBDBFang Fengshi (125000)The office entry lists the Right Administrative Commissioner post in the Longqing era.
    • Souyun方逢時 (46647)The detailed biography states that he was transferred to the Xuanfu-Koubei circuit at the beginning of Longqing and given the rank of Right Administrative Commissioner.
  13. [13] Liaodong and Datong He became Right Assistant Censor-in-Chief and governor of Liaodong, then moved to Datong in the first month of Longqing 4.
    • Souyun方逢時 (46647)The profile and biographical texts state that he became Right Assistant Censor-in-Chief, governed Liaodong, and moved to Datong in the first month of Longqing 4.
  14. [14] Altan Khan and the frontier agreement He dealt with Altan Khan, whose envoys concluded an agreement; Altan's grandson Bahanagi surrendered, peace was restored with the Tatars, and Fang Fengshi was promoted for the achievement.
    • Souyun方逢時 (46647)The biographical texts describe his dealings with Altan, the agreement made through Altan's envoys, Bahanagi's surrender, the restoration of peace with the Tatars, and Fang's promotion to Vice Minister of War concurrently with Right Assistant Censor-in-Chief.
  15. [15] Mourning leave He returned home on mourning leave.
    • Souyun方逢時 (46647)The profile lists mourning leave, and the biography states that he returned home because of it.
  16. [16] Wanli frontier command At the beginning of Wanli, he was recalled and placed in command of the military affairs of Xuanfu, Datong, and Shanxi; with Wang Chonggu he settled the major policy and the frontier became peaceful.
    • Souyun方逢時 (46647)The profile and biographical texts describe his recall at the beginning of Wanli, command of Xuanfu, Datong, and Shanxi military affairs, cooperation with Wang Chonggu, and the resulting frontier peace.
  17. [17] Senior offices He became Minister of War and Right Deputy Censor-in-Chief, retained his command, and received the title Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent.
    • CBDBFang Fengshi (125000)The office entries list the grand command and a ministerial office.
    • Souyun方逢時 (46647)The profile and biography list Minister of War, Right Deputy Censor-in-Chief, grand coordinator, and Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent.
  18. [18] Later promotions He succeeded Wang Chonggu as minister, took charge of the Ministry of Personnel, received the title Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent, and was promoted to Junior Guardian for pacifying the two Guang.
    • Souyun方逢時 (46647)The profile and biographies describe his succession to Wang Chonggu, work in the Ministry of Personnel, title of Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent, and promotion to Junior Guardian after pacifying the two Guang.
  19. [19] Retirement After repeated requests to retire, he received the imperial inscription 「盡忠」 and returned home.
    • Souyun方逢時 (46647)The biography states that he repeatedly requested retirement and returned home after receiving the imperial inscription 「盡忠」.
  20. [20] Death He died in the twenty-fourth year of Wanli, 1596.
  21. [21] Work Fang Fengshi authored the collection Da Yin lou ji, or Collected Works of the Great Hidden Tower.
  22. [22] Associations with Zhou Yi Zhou Yi wrote a sacrificial text for Fang Fengshi and gave him parting words.
    • CBDBFang Fengshi (125000)The association entries state that Zhou Yi wrote a sacrificial text for him and gave him a parting inscription or words.
  23. [23] Associations with Wan Shihe and Zhang Juzheng Fang Fengshi received congratulatory words from Wan Shihe and sent a letter to Zhang Juzheng.
    • CBDBFang Fengshi (125000)The association entries state that Wan Shihe sent him congratulatory words and that he sent a letter to Zhang Juzheng.