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[1]Identity and datesQiao Songnian was a Qing-dynasty official and politician who lived from 1815 to 1875.
CBDBQiao Songnian (58456)The main record gives the romanized name, the years 1815 and 1875, the Qing dynasty, and the office of 工部主事.
Souyun喬松年 (57337)The profile lists the name, the years 1815 and 1875, the Qing dynasty, and 工部主事 among his titles.
WikidataQiao Songnian (Q10923747)The entity is labelled Qiao Songnian, described as a Qing-dynasty politician, and assigned the dates 1815 and 1875.
DILA Buddhist Authority Database喬松年 (A043385)The authority record gives the name Qiao Songnian, the Qing dynasty, male gender, and date ranges covering 1815 and 1875.
[2]Names and originHis courtesy name was Jianhou, Hechai was a sobriquet, and he came from Xugou in Shanxi, now Qingxu County.
CBDBQiao Songnian (58456)The alternate names include Jianhou and Hechai, and the address field gives Xugou.
Souyun喬松年 (57337)The profile and biographies give Jianhou, classify Hechai as a sobriquet, and identify him as a native of Shanxi Xugou, now Qingxu County.
DILA Buddhist Authority Database喬松年 (A043385)The aliases include 喬鶴儕 and 喬健侯, and the birthplace is Xugou.
WikidataQiao Songnian (Q10923747)The English and traditional-character name lists include Jianhou and Hechai.
[3]Variant names and posthumous titleHechai has both courtesy-name and sobriquet classifications; Luomoting is a studio name or sobriquet, and Qinke is a posthumous name.
CBDBQiao Songnian (58456)The alternate-name fields classify Hechai as a courtesy name, Luomoting as a studio name or sobriquet, and Qinke as a posthumous name.
Souyun喬松年 (57337)The profile classifies Hechai as a sobriquet and Qinke as a posthumous title, while the biographies state that he was posthumously named Qinke.
DILA Buddhist Authority Database喬松年 (A043385)The aliases include Luomoting and Qinke.
WikidataQiao Songnian (Q10923747)The English and traditional-character aliases and name claims include Luomoting and Qinke.
[4]Jinshi degree and early appointmentsIn 1835, he passed the jinshi examination, entered the Ministry of Works, and was later promoted to langzhong.
CBDBQiao Songnian (58456)The examination entry gives the jinshi qualification and the office list gives 工部主事.
Souyun喬松年 (57337)The profile and biographies give the Daoguang fifteenth-year examination, appointment as 工部主事, and promotion to 郎中.
DILA Buddhist Authority Database喬松年 (A043385)The note gives the 1835 jinshi degree, appointment as 工部主事, and promotion to 郎中.
[5]Xianfeng offices and examinationDuring the Xianfeng era he held prefectural, salt-administration, provincial-administration, and examination posts in the places named, including an honorary 按察使 title.
CBDBQiao Songnian (58456)The office list gives Jiangning provincial administration, the Xianfeng-era Songjiang and Suzhou prefectures, Lianghuai salt administration, the 1851 Hunan examination post, and the 按察使銜 title.
Souyun喬松年 (57337)The profile and career summary list the Songjiang and Suzhou prefectures, Lianghuai salt administration, and Jiangning provincial administration.
DILA Buddhist Authority Database喬松年 (A043385)The note lists the Songjiang and Suzhou prefectures, Lianghuai salt administration, and Jiangning provincial administration.
[6]Shanghai campaignAs Suzhou prefect, he followed Governor-General Yiliang in suppressing the Small Swords uprising in Shanghai.
Souyun喬松年 (57337)The biography says that as Suzhou prefect he followed Governor-General 怡良 in suppressing the Shanghai Small Swords uprising.
[7]Tongzhi military and provincial serviceDuring the Tongzhi era he served as governor of Anhui, recruited forces against the Nian armies, and also served as governor of Shaanxi.
CBDBQiao Songnian (58456)The office list gives the Shaanxi governorship in the fifth year of Tongzhi.
Souyun喬松年 (57337)The biographies place his Anhui service in the Tongzhi period, describe his recruitment of forces against the Nian armies, and list Shaanxi among his governorships.
DILA Buddhist Authority Database喬松年 (A043385)The note lists Anhui and Shaanxi governorships.
[8]Highest officeHe ultimately held offices called the Governor of the East River and the Governor-General of the Hedong River Conservancy.
Souyun喬松年 (57337)One biography calls the highest office 東河總督, another calls it 河東河道總督, and the profile lists 總督.
DILA Buddhist Authority Database喬松年 (A043385)The note lists 河東河道總督 among his offices.
[9]Friendship and subordinationXu Xiaofeng was his friend, and Zong Yuanhan served under him.
CBDBQiao Songnian (58456)The association fields classify 徐曉峯 as a friend and 宗源瀚 as a subordinate.
[12]Variant work titleThe work 《蘿藦亭札記》 also appears as 《蘿蘼亭札記》, in eight juan.
Souyun喬松年 (57337)The biographical text gives the title 《蘿藦亭札記》.
CBDBQiao Songnian (58456)The bibliography gives 《蘿蘼亭札記 八卷》 and classifies it as authored by him.
[13]Other writings and compilationsHe authored 《論語淺解》 in four juan and compiled 《古微書存考》, 《古微書訂誤》, and several works in the 《河圖》 series.
CBDBQiao Songnian (58456)The bibliography classifies 《論語淺解 四卷》 as authored by him and lists 《古微書存考一卷》, 《古微書訂誤一卷》, and several 《河圖》 titles as compilations.