Pan Zhen

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life and official career

At the 1498 Wuwu provincial examination held at Yingtian, Pan Zhen became a provincial graduate; the provincial-graduate entry is numbered 139. He passed the jinshi examination in 1502 and was placed eightieth in the third class; an earlier shengyuan entry is numbered 87.[4]

Appointed magistrate of Zhuji County in Zhejiang, he later served as Left Evaluator, Left Assistant Director, and acting Left Director of the Court of Judicial Review.[5]

In Zhengde 6 (1511), he became an Assistant Surveillance Commissioner in Shandong; in Zhengde 11 (1516), he served as Vice Surveillance Commissioner in Shandong and is also associated with the same office in Fujian.[6]

In Jiajing 2 (1523), he became Shandong Surveillance Commissioner and later Right and Left Provincial Administration Commissioner of Huguang; the Huguang Left Provincial Administration Commissionership is also placed in the Zhengde period.[7]

In Jiajing 7 (1528, also dated 1538), he became Right Vice Chief Censor of the Censorate and Governor of Liaodong;[8] in Jiajing 11 (1532, also dated 1542), he moved to the Nanjing Censorate as Right Vice Chief Censor and was placed in charge of Caojiang;[9] in Jiajing 12 (1533, also dated 1543), he became Vice Minister of War in Nanjing.[10]

In Jiajing 15 (1536, also dated 1546), he served as Vice Minister of War and was changed to Left Vice Minister; his listed titles also include Vice Minister of Justice.[11]

After opposing the campaign against Annam, he was dismissed and returned home; he was soon restored to office and later retired.[12]

He died in Jiajing 27 (1548) at the age of seventy-two and was posthumously granted the title Right Chief Censor.[13]

Family

His genealogy traces back to 潘逢辰 as a direct ancestor; it names 潘初 as a thirteenth-generation ancestor, 潘松年 as an eleventh-generation ancestor, 潘汶 as a tenth-generation ancestor, 潘執禮 as a ninth-generation ancestor, 潘涇 as an eighth-generation ancestor, 潘崇龍 as a seventh-generation ancestor, 潘廷璧 as a sixth-generation ancestor, 潘克勉 as a fifth-generation ancestor, and 潘侑 as a great-grandfather.[14]

His great-grandfather and grandfather are given in two forms: 潘琥 and 潘思文 in one version, and 潘虎 and 潘勤才 in another; his father was 潘坦.[15]

His younger brothers were 潘珵, 潘珙, and 潘瓘; his wife was 張氏.[16] His sons were 潘鏊 and 潘鑾, his daughters were 潘元英, 潘京玉, and 潘桂英, and his son-in-law was 戴滎; his clan nephew 潘旦 lived from 1476 to 1549.[17]

Associations and writings

費宏 wrote a preface for one of his books, while 韓邦奇 and 嚴嵩 wrote his epitaph. 林文俊 gave him a farewell message, 顧璘 presented him with poems and prose, and 呂柟 supplied inscriptions, notes, or a name for a building associated with him; he also opposed the policies of 朱厚熜 and offended 嚴嵩.[18]

The titles associated with Pan Zhen include 《三錫錄》, 《世業錄》, 《兩峰存稿》, 《年紀錄》, 《愚衷錄》, 《榮樂集》, 《珍珠集》, and 《省愆錄》。[19]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 1511 提刑按察使司僉事 正德
  2. 1516 提刑按察使司副使 正德
  3. 1523 按察使 嘉靖
  4. 1528 都察院右副都御史 嘉靖
  5. 1532 都察院右副都御史 嘉靖
  6. 1533 兵部右侍郎 嘉靖
  7. 1536 兵部右侍郎 嘉靖
  8. 1536 兵部左侍郎 嘉靖
  9. 1548 都察院右都御史 嘉靖
  10. 1511 大理寺左寺正 正德
  11. 1528 左布政使 嘉靖
  12. 1523 提刑按察使司副使 嘉靖

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
提刑按察使司僉事15111516正德山東布政司
大理寺左寺正1511正德
提刑按察使司副使1516正德山東布政司
按察使1523嘉靖山東布政司
提刑按察使司副使1523嘉靖福建布政司
都察院右副都御史15281529嘉靖
左布政使1528嘉靖湖廣布政司
都察院右副都御史15321533嘉靖南京
兵部右侍郎15331536嘉靖南京
兵部右侍郎1536嘉靖
兵部左侍郎15361537嘉靖
都察院右都御史1548嘉靖
Year unknown9
OfficeEraPosting
兵部右侍郎Era unknownUnknown
兵部右侍郎嘉靖南京
刑部侍郎Era unknownUnknown
右布政使嘉靖湖廣布政司
大理寺左寺副正德Unknown
大理寺左評事正德Unknown
知縣弘治諸暨
巡撫Era unknown遼東都指揮使司
都察院右副都御史嘉靖南京

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
直系祖先潘逢辰–
十三世祖潘初–
十一世祖潘松年–
十世祖潘汶–
九世祖;太高曾祖潘執禮–
八世祖;太高祖潘涇–
七世祖;太曾祖潘崇龍–
六世祖;太祖潘廷璧–
高祖;四世祖潘侑–
曾祖潘琥–
曾祖潘虎–
祖父潘思文–
祖父潘勤才–
父潘坦–
弟潘珵–
弟潘珙–
弟潘瓘–
妻子張氏(潘珍妻)–
女兒潘元英–
女兒潘京玉–
女兒潘桂英–
子潘鏊–
子潘鑾–
女婿戴滎–
族子潘旦1476–1549
五世祖;高曾祖潘克勉–

AliasesCBDB

  • 五 行第
  • 兩峰 室名、別號
  • 峩峯 室名、別號
  • 樸菴 室名、別號
  • 潘青天 未詳
  • 玉卿 字
  • 碧峯 室名、別號
  • 碧峰 室名、別號
  • 益以拙叟 室名、別號

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
費宏書序由費宏所作–
韓邦奇墓誌銘由韓邦奇所作–
嚴嵩墓誌銘由嚴嵩所作–
朱厚熜反對/不支持朱厚熜的政策–
林文俊臨別得到林文俊所作贈言(送別詩、序)–
顧璘收到顧璘的贈詩、文–
呂柟建築物得到呂柟的題詠、記、命名–
嚴嵩得罪嚴嵩–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)第三甲第八十名
科舉: 鄉貢舉人
學校: 生員(庠生)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
三錫錄
世業錄
兩峰存稿
年紀錄
愚衷錄
榮樂集
珍珠集
省愆錄

Citations

  1. [1] Life dates and identity Pan Zhen was born in 1477 and died in 1548; he was a Ming official and political figure.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The main person record gives the name Pan Zhen, the years 1477 and 1548, and the Ming dynasty.
    • Souyun潘珍 (50744)The profile and biographical summary identify Pan Zhen as a Ming figure who lived from 1477 to 1548 and held official posts.
    • WikidataPan Zhen (Q15926168)The English label is Pan Zhen, the description calls him a politician, and the time statements give 1477 and 1548.
  2. [2] Courtesy name and aliases Pan Zhen used the courtesy name Yuqing and a range of sobriquets and alternative names, including Puan, Efeng, Liangfeng, Bifeng, Yiyizhuosou, Yiyi Zhuosou, Panqingtian, and the sibling-order designation Wu.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The name entries give Yuqing as the courtesy name, Wu as the sibling-order designation, and Puan, Efeng, Liangfeng, Panqingtian, Bifeng, and Yiyi Zhuosou as alternative forms.
    • Souyun潘珍 (50744)The biographical narrative distinguishes the initial, later, and late sobriquets and gives the forms Puan, Efeng, Liangfeng, and Bifeng.
    • WikidataPan Zhen (Q15926168)The alias set preserves the English forms Liangfeng, Bifeng, Efeng, Yiyizhuosou, Panqingtian, Puan, Yuqing, and Yiyi Zhuosou.
  3. [3] Native place Pan Zhen came from Wuyuan County in Huizhou Prefecture, Zhili, now Wuyuan County in Jiangxi Province.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The address entries identify Wuyuan as his native place and household registration place.
    • Souyun潘珍 (50744)The profile and narrative give his native place as Wuyuan in Huizhou Prefecture, Zhili, now in Jiangxi.
  4. [4] Examinations Pan Zhen passed the Yingtian provincial examination in 1498, became a jinshi in 1502, ranked eightieth in the third class, and is also associated with the numbers 139 and 87 in the examination and school entries.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The examination and school entries give the third-class jinshi rank as eightieth, the provincial-graduate number as 139, and the shengyuan number as 87.
    • Souyun潘珍 (50744)The biographical summaries identify him as a Hongzhi 15 jinshi and give the 1498 Yingtian provincial examination and 1502 jinshi dates.
  5. [5] Early appointments He was appointed magistrate of Zhuji and then held three posts at the Court of Judicial Review.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The appointment entries list the Zhuji magistracy and the three Dali Temple posts.
    • Souyun潘珍 (50744)The narrative says that he was appointed magistrate of Zhuji and later served as Left Evaluator, Left Assistant, and acting Left Director of Dali Temple.
  6. [6] Zhengde appointments In 1511 he became an assistant surveillance commissioner in Shandong; in 1516 he held vice-surveillance-commissioner posts in Shandong and Fujian.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The appointment entries connect the 1511 Zhengde 6 assistant-commissioner post with Shandong, and list the 1516 Zhengde 11 vice-commissioner posts in Shandong and Fujian.
    • Souyun潘珍 (50744)The narrative gives the 1511 Shandong assistant-commissioner appointment and the 1516 Shandong and Fujian vice-commissioner appointments.
  7. [7] Huguang provincial administration In 1523 he became Shandong Surveillance Commissioner and then held the Right and Left Provincial Administration Commissioner posts in Huguang; the dating of the Left post differs between summaries.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The appointment entries give the 1523 Jiajing 2 Shandong surveillance commissionership and the Right and Left Provincial Administration Commissioner posts in Huguang.
    • Souyun潘珍 (50744)One summary places the Huguang Left Provincial Administration Commissionership in the Zhengde period, whereas the fuller narrative places it after the Jiajing 2 Shandong appointment.
  8. [8] Liaodong governorship The Jiajing 7 appointment as Right Vice Chief Censor and Governor of Liaodong is dated 1528 in one set of entries and 1538 in another.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The appointment entries include the Liaodong governorship and give 1528 as the first year of a Jiajing 7 Right Vice Chief Censor appointment.
    • Souyun潘珍 (50744)The narrative places the Right Vice Chief Censor and Liaodong governorship in Jiajing 7 and prints 1538 as the Gregorian year.
  9. [9] Nanjing Censorate and Caojiang The Jiajing 11 Nanjing Censorate appointment and Caojiang command are dated 1532 in one set of entries and 1542 in another.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The appointment entries connect the Nanjing Right Vice Chief Censor post with Jiajing 11 and the year 1532.
    • Souyun潘珍 (50744)The narrative places the Nanjing Right Vice Chief Censor and Caojiang command in Jiajing 11 and prints 1542 as the Gregorian year.
  10. [10] Nanjing Ministry of War He became Vice Minister of War in Nanjing in Jiajing 12; the Gregorian year is given as 1533 or 1543.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The appointment entries place the Nanjing Vice Minister of War post in Jiajing 12 and give 1533 as its first year.
    • Souyun潘珍 (50744)The narrative places the Nanjing Vice Minister of War appointment in Jiajing 12 and prints 1543 as the Gregorian year.
  11. [11] Ministry posts In Jiajing 15 he was a Vice Minister of War and then Left Vice Minister; another listed title is Vice Minister of Justice, and a Taishi official title also appears.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The appointment entries give the 1536 start of the Vice Minister and Left Vice Minister of War posts and also list Vice Minister of Justice.
    • Souyun潘珍 (50744)The narrative places the Vice Minister of War appointment and change to Left Vice Minister in Jiajing 15 and prints 1546 as the Gregorian year; the profile also includes a Taishi official title.
  12. [12] Dismissal and retirement He was dismissed after opposing the campaign against Annam, returned home, was restored to office, and later retired.
    • Souyun潘珍 (50744)The biographical summaries describe his opposition to the Annam campaign, dismissal and return home, subsequent restoration to office, and retirement.
  13. [13] Death and posthumous title Pan Zhen died in 1548 at the age of seventy-two and received the posthumous title Right Chief Censor.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The main record gives the death year as 1548, and the appointment entries give the Jiajing 27 Right Chief Censor title in that year.
    • Souyun潘珍 (50744)The biographical summaries give the Jiajing 27 death in 1548, age seventy-two, and the posthumous Right Chief Censor title.
    • WikidataPan Zhen (Q15926168)The time statement gives the death year as 1548.
  14. [14] Distant ancestry The genealogy names 潘逢辰 as a direct ancestor and gives the generational positions of 潘初, 潘松年, 潘汶, 潘執禮, 潘涇, 潘崇龍, 潘廷璧, 潘克勉, and 潘侑.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The kinship entries list the direct ancestor 潘逢辰 and the generations assigned to 潘初, 潘松年, 潘汶, 潘執禮, 潘涇, 潘崇龍, 潘廷璧, 潘克勉, and 潘侑.
  15. [15] Immediate ancestry The names of Pan Zhen’s great-grandfather and grandfather vary between two forms, while his father is given as 潘坦.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The kinship entries give 潘琥 and 潘虎 as alternative great-grandfather names, 潘思文 and 潘勤才 as alternative grandfather names, and 潘坦 as the father.
  16. [16] Siblings and marriage Pan Zhen’s younger brothers were 潘珵, 潘珙, and 潘瓘, and his wife was 張氏.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The kinship entries name the three younger brothers and the wife 張氏.
  17. [17] Children and clan relative Pan Zhen had two sons, three daughters, a son-in-law, and a clan nephew named 潘旦, who lived from 1476 to 1549.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The kinship entries name the sons 潘鏊 and 潘鑾, the daughters 潘元英, 潘京玉, and 潘桂英, the son-in-law 戴滎, and the clan nephew 潘旦 with birth and death years 1476 and 1549.
  18. [18] Associations and literary exchanges Pan Zhen’s recorded relations include a preface by 費宏, epitaphs by 韓邦奇 and 嚴嵩, a farewell message from 林文俊, poems and prose from 顧璘, architectural inscriptions or naming by 呂柟, opposition to 朱厚熜’s policies, and an offense against 嚴嵩.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The association entries specify the preface, epitaph, farewell message, gifted poems and prose, architectural inscriptions or naming, opposition to 朱厚熜’s policy, and the offense against 嚴嵩.
  19. [19] Associated books The books associated with Pan Zhen include 《三錫錄》, 《世業錄》, 《兩峰存稿》, 《年紀錄》, 《愚衷錄》, 《榮樂集》, 《珍珠集》, and 《省愆錄》.
    • CBDBPan Zhen (68316)The book-title entries list eight titles associated with Pan Zhen without establishing an authorship role for each one.