Zheng Shen

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

His great-grandfather was Zheng Dechi (鄭德池), his grandfather Zheng Wentai (鄭文泰), and his father Zheng Rui (鄭銳, 1289–1320); his mother was of the Lou family.[4] In his youth others derided him as eccentric, but his uncle Zheng Qin (鄭欽) recognized his ability and sent him to study in the capital.[5] He became a pupil of Wu Lai (吳萊), who wrote the farewell piece "Seeing Off Zheng Xunchang on His Journey North to the Capital";[6] among his fellow students were Song Lian (宋濂), Xuan Jie (宣岊) and Lou Shibao (樓士寶), with whom he studied at the charitable school of Fang Yi at Baimen in Zhuji.[7]

He served as a xuanshi (herald) in the Xuanzheng Yuan and the Zhongshu Sheng (Secretariat), and was recruited as a retainer by Biligtü Buqa (別兒怯不花).[8] In 1348, the eighth year of the Zhizheng era, he became a zhangshi (senior secretary), with Toghto (脫脫) as his superior; in 1350 he was appointed lecturer (shoujing lang) at the Xuanwen Pavilion, and in 1354 he moved to the Ministry of Personnel as a yuanwai lang (vice-director) while also serving as a jianshu boshi (connoisseur of calligraphy) at the Xuanwen Pavilion.[9] In 1356 he became a censor and an assistant commissioner (qianshi) of the Zizhou circuit surveillance commission; he later served as an assistant commissioner of the surveillance commission under the Jiangzhe Branch Secretariat and as a langzhong (director) of the Left and Right Office of the Jiangxi Branch Secretariat.[10] In 1361, while serving as assistant surveillance commissioner of Jiangdong, he died at Hangzhou and was later buried at Yiwu.[11]

He held the teaching seat in the household of a grand preceptor (taishi), instructing its young members in letters and poetry, and the grand preceptor never stopped praising him.[12] When an order came that the crown prince should join the studies, Zheng Shen firmly declined, but to no avail: the crown prince came to his house, and Zheng presented the Classic of Filial Piety, receiving in return a suit of brocade.[13] He was afterwards summoned to the Mingren Hall, where the emperor praised the severity of his teaching and ordered him admitted to the palace school;[14] the Secretariat also had him appointed concurrently a translation officer of the imperial lectures, and his exposition of the classics was so earnest that the emperor's countenance changed.[15]

In the Ministry of Personnel, when Zhang Ding (張鼎), a vice-magistrate of Hu County aged sixty-seven, was blocked by the clerks on the ground of a three-year rule of office, Zheng Shen had his appointment submitted at once; and when Dong Jia (董甲) of Mubang in Yunnan, entitled to office by hereditary privilege but too poor to bribe the clerks, was challenged over discrepancies in the household register, Zheng ordered the archivists to check the records and register him.[16] While serving on a surveillance commission, he examined the dates in the case of Zhao Dane (趙大訥), magistrate of Yongxin, whose request to retire had lapsed under a new regulation, and allowed it to proceed under the earlier rule.[17] When the grand preceptor wished to choose censors, Zheng recommended Wang Mei (王梅), and the grand preceptor regarded him as a man of integrity.[18] A chancellor later sought to appoint him a xuanshi and sent the investigating officer Yaozhu (咬住) to call on him, but Yaozhu misrepresented his answer and the appointment lapsed; knowing himself to have been betrayed, Zheng made no attempt to clear himself.[19]

Friends and commemoration

He was closely associated in literary exchange with Jie Xisi (揭傒斯), Ouyang Xuan (歐陽玄), Li Haowen (李好文) and Wei Su (危素).[20] Ouyang Xuan wrote a colophon on his large characters "Long Life" (眉壽) and an encomium on his "Unicorn and Phoenix" (麟鳳), and at his request composed the tomb inscription for a member of the Zheng family.[21] After his death the left chancellor of Jiangzhe province, Dashi Temür (達識帖睦邇), grieved deeply and ordered the registrar Qian Yongren (錢用壬) and the assistant commissioner Badu (八都) to arrange the funeral.[22] Song Lian wrote the tomb inscription "Tomb Inscription for the Late Zheng Jun, Assistant Surveillance Commissioner of Jiangdong", Shen Menglin (沈夢麟) composed the lament "Mourning Zheng Zhongji, Assistant Surveillance Commissioner", and Zheng Yong (鄭泳) wrote his conduct record.[23]

Family

His wives were women of the Zhou (d. 1361), Wu and Wang families, and he had a concubine of the Kang family; a daughter, Zheng Fen (鄭棼). His younger brother was Zheng Qi (鄭淇) and his younger cousin Zheng Tao (鄭濤).[24]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 1348 長史 至正
  2. 1350 宣文閣授經郎 至正
  3. 1354 吏部員外郎 至正
  4. 1354 宣文閣鑒書博士 至正
  5. 1356 御史 至正
  6. 1356 肅政廉訪司僉事 至正
  7. 1361 肅政廉訪司僉事 至正

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
長史1348至正
宣文閣授經郎1350至正
吏部員外郎1354至正中書省
宣文閣鑒書博士1354至正
御史1356至正
肅政廉訪司僉事1356至正淄州路
肅政廉訪司僉事1361至正建康路、江東
Year unknown8
OfficeEraPosting
中書省宣使Era unknownUnknown
吏部員外郎Era unknownUnknown
宣政院宣使Era unknownUnknown
宣文閣授經郎Era unknownUnknown
肅政廉訪司僉事Era unknown江浙行中書省
肅政廉訪司僉事Era unknownUnknown
行中書省左右司郎中Era unknown江西行中書省
鑒書博士Era unknownUnknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
曾祖鄭德池–
祖父鄭文泰–
父鄭銳1289–1320
從父;伯叔父鄭欽–
母樓氏(鄭銳妻)–
弟鄭淇–
從弟鄭濤–
妻子周氏(鄭深妻)–1361
妻子吳氏(鄭深妻)–
妻子王氏(鄭深妻)–
妾康氏(鄭深妻)–
女兒鄭棼–

AliasesCBDB

  • 仲幾 字
  • 浚常 字

StatusCBDB

  • 義門
  • [為官者：文]

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
歐陽玄友–
揭傒斯友–
危素友–
李好文友–
王梅推薦–
鄭欽被鄭欽欣賞/器重–
元泰定帝被元泰定帝欣賞/器重–
達識帖睦邇被達識帖睦邇欣賞/器重–
吳萊為吳萊之學生–
阿速吉八學生為阿速吉八–
別兒怯不花為別兒怯不花所辟–
趙大訥支持–
張鼎支持1354–
董甲支持–
宋濂墓誌銘由宋濂所作1361–
別兒怯不花為別兒怯不花之幕僚–
宋濂同學、同門–
宣岊同學、同門–
樓士寶同學、同門–
元泰定帝其學得到元泰定帝之讚揚–
歐陽玄書、畫由歐陽玄作跋–
歐陽玄求歐陽玄為他人（第三方）作墓誌銘–
吳萊臨別得到吳萊所作贈言(送別詩、序)1361–
沈夢麟哀辭由沈夢麟所作–
元泰定帝主元泰定帝家之教席–
歐陽玄墓表由歐陽玄所作–
鄭泳行狀由鄭泳所作–
歐陽玄畫贊(畫像記)由歐陽玄所作–
咬住被咬住陷害–
脫脫上司為脫脫1348–

Citations

  1. [1] Name, dates and dynasty Zheng Shen was a civil official of the Yuan dynasty, born in 1314 and died in 1361.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB gives his name as Zheng Shen (鄭深), his birth and death years as 1314 and 1361, his dynasty as Yuan, and his status as a civil official.
    • WikidataZheng Shen (Q45413511)Wikidata labels him Zheng Shen (鄭深), describes him as a person of the Yuan dynasty, gives 1314 and 1361 as his birth and death years, and records a country statement with the value Q7313.
  2. [2] Courtesy names Zheng Shen's courtesy name was Zhongji, and he was also known as Xunchang.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records his courtesy names as Zhongji (仲幾) and Xunchang (浚常).
    • WikidataZheng Shen (Q45413511)Wikidata lists Zhongji (仲幾) and Xunchang (浚常) among the names of the person labelled Zheng Shen.
  3. [3] Origins and household Zheng Shen was a native of Pujiang and belonged to a household registered as a righteous family.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB gives Pujiang as his place of origin and records his household status as yimen (義門).
  4. [4] Ancestry Zheng Shen's great-grandfather, grandfather, father and mother are recorded.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records his great-grandfather Zheng Dechi, grandfather Zheng Wentai, father Zheng Rui (1289–1320) and mother of the Lou family.
  5. [5] Youth and Zheng Qin Zheng Shen was derided in his youth, but his uncle Zheng Qin recognised his ability and sent him to study in the capital.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records that others rejected him as eccentric while his uncle Zheng Qin marvelled at him and sent him to study in the capital.
  6. [6] Studying under Wu Lai Zheng Shen was a pupil of Wu Lai, who wrote a farewell piece for his journey north to the capital.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records that he was a student of Wu Lai, and that Wu Lai wrote 送鄭浚常北游京師 for him.
  7. [7] Fellow students Zheng Shen studied with Song Lian, Xuan Jie and Lou Shibao at the charitable school of Fang Yi at Baimen in Zhuji.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records Song Lian, Xuan Jie and Lou Shibao as his fellow students at the charitable school of Fang Yi at Baimen in Zhuji.
  8. [8] Early offices and patronage Zheng Shen served as a herald in the Xuanzheng Yuan and the Secretariat, and was recruited by Biligtü Buqa.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records that he held the posts of xuanshi in the Xuanzheng Yuan and the Secretariat, and that Biligtü Buqa recruited him as a xuanshi and kept him as a retainer.
  9. [9] Dated offices, 1348–1354 Zheng Shen held the posts of senior secretary, Xuanwen Pavilion lecturer, Ministry of Personnel vice-director and Pavilion connoisseur of calligraphy.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB dates his zhangshi post to 1348 with Toghto as his superior, his Xuanwen Pavilion lectureship to 1350, and his posts in the Ministry of Personnel and as Pavilion connoisseur of calligraphy to 1354.
  10. [10] Censor and surveillance posts Zheng Shen served as censor and as assistant surveillance commissioner of Zizhou, Jiangzhe and Jiangxi.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB dates his censor and Zizhou surveillance posts to 1356 and records his later posts with the Jiangzhe and Jiangxi branch secretariats.
  11. [11] Death and burial Zheng Shen died at Hangzhou in 1361 while serving as assistant surveillance commissioner of Jiangdong, and was buried at Yiwu.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records his post as surveillance commissioner of Jiangdong in 1361, Hangzhou as the place of his death, and Yiwu as his burial place.
  12. [12] Teaching seat Zheng Shen held the teaching seat in the household of a grand preceptor, who praised him without cease.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records that he held the teaching seat in the grand preceptor's household, teaching letters and poetry, and that the grand preceptor praised him without cease.
  13. [13] The crown prince's studies An order directed the crown prince to join Zheng Shen's studies; he declined in vain, and the prince came to his house, where Zheng presented the Classic of Filial Piety and received a suit of brocade.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records that an order was issued for the crown prince to study together with him, that Zheng Shen declined, and that the prince came to his house, where Zheng presented the Classic of Filial Piety and was given a suit of brocade.
  14. [14] Summons to the Mingren Hall Zheng Shen was summoned to the Mingren Hall, where the emperor praised his severe teaching and admitted him to the palace school.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records his summons to the Mingren Hall and the emperor's praise of his strict method of teaching, with the order that he be admitted to the palace school.
  15. [15] Translation officer of the imperial lectures The Secretariat had Zheng Shen appointed concurrently translation officer for the imperial lectures, and his exposition moved the emperor.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records that the Secretariat requested his concurrent appointment as translation officer of the imperial lectures, and that his exposition of the classics moved the emperor.
  16. [16] Cases in the Ministry of Personnel Zheng Shen acted for Zhang Ding and Dong Jia in the Ministry of Personnel.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records his handling of the cases of Zhang Ding, vice-magistrate of Hu County, and of Dong Jia of Mubang in Yunnan.
  17. [17] The Zhao Dane case Zheng Shen allowed the retirement request of Zhao Dane, magistrate of Yongxin, to proceed under the earlier rule.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records that in the case of Zhao Dane, magistrate of Yongxin, he examined the dates and had the retirement request handled under the earlier rule.
  18. [18] Recommending Wang Mei When the grand preceptor wished to select censors, Zheng Shen recommended Wang Mei.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records that when the grand preceptor wished to choose a censor, Zheng Shen recommended Wang Mei, and the grand preceptor considered him a man of substance.
  19. [19] The Yaozhu affair A chancellor's attempt to appoint Zheng Shen lapsed after Yaozhu misrepresented his answer; Zheng made no attempt to clear himself.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records that a chancellor wished to employ him as a xuanshi and sent the investigating officer Yaozhu to summon him, that Yaozhu misrepresented his answer so that the appointment lapsed, and that Zheng, knowing himself betrayed, did not defend himself.
  20. [20] Literary friendships Zheng Shen was on close literary terms with Jie Xisi, Ouyang Xuan, Li Haowen and Wei Su.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records that Jie Xisi, Ouyang Xuan, Li Haowen and Wei Su were on close terms with him in literary exchange.
  21. [21] Ouyang Xuan's pieces Ouyang Xuan wrote a colophon and an encomium for Zheng Shen's large characters, and at his request composed a tomb inscription.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records Ouyang Xuan's colophon on the two large characters 眉壽, his encomium on 麟鳳, and the tomb inscription 元贈奉議大夫樞密院判官驍騎尉追封浦江縣子鄭府君墓碑銘 composed at Zheng Shen's request.
  22. [22] Funeral arrangements After Zheng Shen's death the left chancellor of Jiangzhe, Dashi Temür, grieved and ordered officials to arrange the funeral.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records that the left chancellor of Jiangzhe province, Dashi Temür, was deeply grieved and sent his officials Qian Yongren and Badu to arrange the funeral.
  23. [23] Tomb inscription, lament and conduct record Song Lian wrote the tomb inscription, Shen Menglin the lament and Zheng Yong the conduct record for Zheng Shen.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records that Song Lian wrote 故江東僉憲鄭君墓誌銘, Shen Menglin composed the lament 哭鄭仲幾僉憲, and Zheng Yong wrote a conduct record for him.
  24. [24] Family Zheng Shen's wives, concubine, daughter, brother and cousin are recorded.
    • CBDBZheng Shen (4) (28205)CBDB records his wives of the Zhou (d. 1361), Wu and Wang families, his concubine of the Kang family, his daughter Zheng Fen, his younger brother Zheng Qi and his younger cousin Zheng Tao.