Wei Liaoweng

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

His father was 魏孝璹, his grandfather 魏革, and his great-grandfather 魏大昕; his paternal uncle and adoptive father was 魏上行. He had a son 魏近思; a second son is given as 近愚 in one account and 魏克愚 in another, and he had a daughter 魏璧海.[2]

In the fifth year of the Qingyuan era (1199), Wei passed the jinshi examination and was appointed a signing clerk in the Jiannan Xichuan military command. In the second year of the Jiatai era (1202), he was summoned as Guozi zheng, and in the following year became a military-academy erudite. In the first year of the Kaixi era (1205), he was summoned to an examination at the Hanlin Academy; his opposition to the proposal to expand the frontier brought him into conflict with Han Tuozhou, and he was reassigned as a secretary in the Palace Secretariat. The following year he became a proofreader and, requesting an external post because of an elderly parent, was appointed prefect of Jiading.[3]

After Shi Miyuan entered the central government, Wei declined further summons. During mourning for his father, he built a residence below Mount Baihe and opened his doors to students. He later served as prefect of Hanzhou and Meizhou and remained in Shu for seventeen years. In the fourth year of the Jiading era (1211), he was promoted to judicial commissioner of Tongchuan Circuit; in the eighth year he concurrently became a supervisory commissioner and transport commissioner, and in the tenth year he became prefect of Luzhou, later serving as prefect of Tongchuan.[4]

When summoned for an audience in the fifteenth year of Jiading, Wei became Vice Minister of War, then Director of the Office of State Historiography as well as a Director of the Ministry of Personnel, and subsequently Grand Court常卿, Director of the Palace Library, and Palace Attendant. After Lizong's accession, he became a Palace Recorder. His discussion of the matter of Prince Ji brought him into conflict with the chief minister; he was impeached, reduced by three grades, and sent to reside in Jingzhou.[5]

During the Shaoding era he was restored to office and given a fengci appointment, then advanced to Palace Attendant of the Baozhang Repository. In the fifth year of Shaoding (1232), he was recalled as pacification commissioner of Tongchuan Circuit and prefect of Luzhou, where he built fortifications, repaired military preparedness, and promoted schools. In the first year of Duanping (1234), he was recalled as acting Minister of Rites and Director of the Hanlin Academy; within six months he submitted more than twenty memorials on urgent affairs, and was then appointed Academician of the Duanming Palace and Assistant Commissioner of the Privy Council to supervise the armies of Jinghu, soon also taking charge of the Jianghuai command.[6]

He was later made prefect of Shaoxing and pacification commissioner of eastern Zhejiang. In the first year of Jiaxi (1237), he was transferred to Fuzhou as prefect and pacification commissioner of Fujian, and died in office from illness that year at the age of sixty. He was posthumously granted the title Grand Preceptor, received the posthumous name Wenjing, and was later posthumously elevated to Duke of Qin.[7]

Learning and associations

Wei was deeply learned in the classics and antiquity, and his scholarship formed a school of its own; while residing at Mount Baihe, he taught students. He submitted a memorial discussing ten abuses and was recalled, and during his time at court submitted more than twenty memorials in six months, all addressing urgent matters of the day. His friends included 虞剛簡, 范仲黼, and 李心傳.[8]

Works

His writings were extensive. A transmitted edition of the Heshan quanwen ji consists of 109 juan; his posthumous manuscripts were printed by his sons 近思 and 近愚, while a kin list gives the second son's name as 魏克愚.[9]

His classical works include 《周易要義》, 《尚書要義》, 《毛詩要義》, 《春秋左傳要義》, 《儀禮要義》, 《禮記要義》, and 《九經要義》. Other titles include 《正朔考》, 《古今考》, 《經外雜鈔》, 《師友雅言》, 《鶴山題跋》, 《鶴山渠陽讀書雜抄》, 《鶴山渠陽經外雜鈔》, 《鶴山筆錄》, 《學醫隨筆》, and 《鶴山集》; he also wrote 《鶴山詞》.[10]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 1206 知某州軍州事
  2. 1217 安撫使
  3. 1217 直秘閣
  4. 1217 知某州軍州事
  5. 1221 知某州軍州事
  6. 1232 安撫使
  7. 1232 寶章閣待制
  8. 1232 知某州軍州事
  9. 1232 知某府軍府事
  10. 1232 集英殿修撰
  11. 1233 華文閣待制
  12. 1236 知某州軍州事
  13. 1236 知某府軍府事
  14. 1236 資政殿學士
  15. 1237 知某州軍州事
  16. 1237 安撫使
  17. 1237 安撫使

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
知某州軍州事12061207Era unknown長壽
安撫使12171217Era unknown潼川府路
直秘閣1217Era unknown
知某州軍州事12171217Era unknown瀘州
知某州軍州事12211222Era unknown潼川府
安撫使12321234Era unknown潼川府路
寶章閣待制1232Era unknown
知某州軍州事12321234Era unknown瀘州
知某府軍府事12321232Era unknown遂寧府
集英殿修撰1232Era unknown
華文閣待制1233Era unknown
知某州軍州事12361237Era unknown潭州
知某府軍府事12361237Era unknown紹興府
資政殿學士1236Era unknown
知某州軍州事12371237Era unknown福州
安撫使1237Era unknown兩浙東路
安撫使1237Era unknown福建路
Year unknown23
OfficeEraPosting
上輕車都尉Era unknownUnknown
丞Era unknownUnknown
侍讀Era unknownUnknown
兵部郎中Era unknownUnknown
參知政事Era unknownUnknown
同修國史Era unknownUnknown
同提舉編修敕令Era unknownUnknown
同簽書樞密院事Era unknownUnknown
太師Era unknownUnknown
安撫使Era unknownUnknown
安撫大使Era unknown兩浙東路
實錄院同修撰Era unknownUnknown
幕職官Era unknownUnknown
權吏部尚書Era unknownUnknown
權工部侍郎Era unknownUnknown
權禮部尚書Era unknownUnknown
直學士院Era unknownUnknown
督視軍馬Era unknownUnknown
知某州軍州事Era unknown漢州
知某府軍府事Era unknown嘉定府
端明殿學士Era unknownUnknown
簽書樞密院事Era unknownUnknown
騎都尉Era unknownUnknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
曾祖魏大昕–
祖父魏革–1160
父魏孝璹–
從父;伯叔父魏上行–
嗣父魏上行–
第一任妻父楊熹–
第二任妻父杜蓋–1208
兄高載–1216
兄高稼–1235
兄高崇1173–1232
兄高茂叔–
從弟魏少翁–
從弟魏文翁1181–1231
從兄魏越翁1173–1220
族兄魏天祐1132–1213
連襟;妻姊妹之夫王萬–1234
女兒魏璧海1203–1204
從子;姪子高斯謀–
子魏嘉惠–
長子; 第一子魏近思–
次子魏克愚1219–1269
孫魏華發–
孫女魏德盛–
曾孫; 重孫魏起–
曾孫; 重孫魏英–
曾孫; 重孫魏賢–
長女婿劉震孫–1268
長女婿安顯孫–
二女婿虞兟–
祖母高氏(魏革妻)1110–1188
表兄高定子–

AliasesCBDB

  • 師立齋 室名、別號
  • 文靖 諡號
  • 白鶴山人 室名、別號
  • 自菴 室名、別號
  • 華父 字
  • 願豐亭 室名、別號
  • 鶴山 室名、別號

StatusCBDB

  • 收徒講學
  • [為官者:文]
  • 思想家

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
虞剛簡友1237–
范仲黼友1237–
李心傳友1237–
洪咨夔友–
蘇振文友1237–
林岊友–
鄭夢協友–
陳貴誼同年友1237–
許奕同年友–
郭汝該同年友–
虞剛簡推薦1237–
陳畦推薦1237–
季逄昌推薦1237–
牟桂被牟桂欣賞/器重–
章鏓被章鏓欣賞/器重–
呂夷簡欣賞/器重–
家炎欣賞/器重–
李從周欣賞/器重1237–
方輗欣賞/器重–
程掌欣賞/器重–
葉元老欣賞/器重–
史繩祖門人為史繩祖1237–
許玠門人為許玠1237–
稅與權門人為稅與權–
高道充為高道充之學生1237–
杜希仲為杜希仲之學生–
何普為何普之學生–
牟子才學生為牟子才1237–
汪大發學生為汪大發–
胡揚學生為胡揚–
郭黃中學生為郭黃中–
程安之學生為程安之–
蔣山學生為蔣山–
蔣公順學生為蔣公順–
嚴師夔學生為嚴師夔–
宋慈辟–
徐清叟得到徐清叟的支持–
張浚為張浚所著書作序1237–
周敦頤為周敦頤所著書作序–
洪适為洪适所著書作序–
歐陽修為歐陽修所著書作序–
王安石為王安石所著書作序1237–
王秬為王秬所著書作序1173–
王秬為王秬所著書作序–
程顥為程顥所著書作序–
朱熹為朱熹所著書作序1237–
朱熹為朱熹所著書作序1237–
朱熹為朱熹所著書作序1237–
朱熹為朱熹所著書作序1237–
朱熹為朱熹所著書作序1237–
朱熹為朱熹所著書作序1237–
朱熹為朱熹所著書作序1237–
朱熹為朱熹所著書作序1237–
胡寅為胡寅所著書作序–
樓鑰為樓鑰所著書作序1237–
邵雍為邵雍所著書作序1237–
蘇軾為蘇軾所著書作序1237–
范祖禹為范祖禹所著書作序1237–
呂祖謙為呂祖謙所著書作序–
黃庭堅為黃庭堅所著書作序–
洪遵為洪遵所著書作序–
虞允文為虞允文所著書作序1237–
虞允文為虞允文所著書作序1237–
洪邁為洪邁所著書作序–
蔡幼學為蔡幼學所著書作序1237–
陳俊卿為陳俊卿所著書作序1237–
羅點為羅點所著書作序1237–
張載為張載所著書作序1237–
衛湜為衛湜所著書作序1237–
師遇為師遇所著書作序1237–
李壁為李壁所著書作序–
陳東為陳東所著書作序–
彭龜年為彭龜年所著書作序1237–
彭龜年為彭龜年所著書作序1237–
錢文子為錢文子所著書作序–
宇文之邵為宇文之邵所著書作序1237–
李方子為李方子所著書作序–
楊輔為楊輔所著書作序–
楊虞仲為楊虞仲所著書作序1237–
李蘩為李蘩所著書作序1237–
游仲鴻為游仲鴻所著書作序1237–
張巖為張巖所著書作序1237–
李椿為李椿所著書作序1237–
游九言為游九言所著書作序1237–
李從周為李從周所著書作序1237–
毛居正為毛居正所著書作序–
毛居正為毛居正所著書作序–
毛居正為毛居正所著書作序–
史公亮為史公亮所著書作序–
王蒙為王蒙所著書作序–
王蒙為王蒙所著書作序–
句如埏為句如埏所著書作序–
句如埏為句如埏所著書作序–
尹起莘為尹起莘所著書作序–
李大謙為李大謙所著書作序–
李大謙為李大謙所著書作序–
李明復為李明復所著書作序–
李明復為李明復所著書作序–
胡謙為胡謙所著書作序–
胡謙為胡謙所著書作序–

Showing the first 100 of 764 records; the interactive page loads the full list.

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
鶴山先生大全文集
鶴山筆錄
學醫隋筆
鶴山渠陽經外雜鈔
鶴山渠陽讀書雜鈔
正朔考撰著者
周易要義撰著者
春秋左傳要義撰著者
九經要義
古今考撰著者
師友雅言撰著者
經外雜鈔撰著者
鶴山集
尚書要義十七卷序說一卷撰著者
毛詩要義二十卷撰著者
儀禮要義 五十卷撰著者
禮記要義 三十三卷 (原缺卷 一至二)撰著者
禮記要義 三十三卷 (原缺卷 一至二)附校勘記 一卷撰著者
學醫隨筆一卷撰著者
鶴山題跋七卷撰著者
鶴山渠陽讀書雜抄 二卷撰著者

Citations

  1. [1] Identity, names, and birthplace This opening identifies Wei Liaoweng, gives his dates, Southern Song setting, philosopher and official status, names, posthumous title, and birthplace; the variant forms Huafu and 華甫 are retained together.
    • CBDBWei Liaoweng (4001)The biographical fields provide the name, dates, Song setting, thinker status, seven names or sobriquets, posthumous name, and Pujiang birthplace.
    • Souyun魏了翁 (35522)The profile and biographical texts identify him with the Southern Song, Qiongzhou Pujiang, the years 1178–1237, the names Huafu and Heshan, and the posthumous name Wenjing; one text gives the variant 華甫.
    • WikidataWei Liaoweng (Q15917614)The English label, description, and alias list provide Wei Liaoweng, the 1178–1237 dates, philosopher status, and the English forms of his sobriquets.
  2. [2] Family The kinship data provide Wei Liaoweng's paternal ancestry and children, while the biographical text gives the variant form 近愚 for the second son whose kin entry is 魏克愚.
    • CBDBWei Liaoweng (4001)The kinship entries identify the great-grandfather 魏大昕, grandfather 魏革, father 魏孝璹, paternal and adoptive father 魏上行, daughter 魏璧海, elder son 魏近思, and second son 魏克愚.
    • Souyun魏了翁 (35522)The biographical text says that the posthumous manuscripts were printed by his sons 近思 and 近愚, preserving the variant form.
  3. [3] Early career The biographical texts describe Wei's jinshi success, initial appointments, the 1205 Han Tuozhou conflict, reassignment, and move to the Jiading prefecture.
    • CBDBWei Liaoweng (4001)The examination entry identifies him as a jinshi, and the office data include the Jiading prefecture appointment and place.
    • Souyun魏了翁 (35522)The two biographical texts give the sequence of the 1199 examination, initial appointment, summons to the National Academy, military academy appointment, the 1205 examination and conflict with Han Tuozhou, reassignment, proofreader post, and Jiading prefecture appointment.
  4. [4] Teaching and service in Shu The biographical texts describe Wei's refusal of summons, mourning residence at Mount Baihe, teaching, seventeen years in Shu, and the subsequent circuit and prefectural appointments.
    • Souyun魏了翁 (35522)The four biographical texts describe the declined summons, the Mount Baihe residence and teaching, Hanzhou and Meizhou, seventeen years in Shu, and the Tongchuan, Luzhou, and related appointments.
    • CBDBWei Liaoweng (4001)The status data identify teaching students, while the office locations include Hanzhou and Luzhou.
  5. [5] Central office and Jingzhou exile Wei's central appointments and his punishment after discussing the matter of Prince Ji are described together in the biographical texts.
    • Souyun魏了翁 (35522)The two texts detail the summons in the fifteenth year of Jiading, the central promotions, the Palace Recorder appointment after Lizong's accession, and the impeachment, demotion, and Jingzhou residence.
    • CBDBWei Liaoweng (4001)The office data independently list the Vice Minister of War appointment.
  6. [6] Restoration and military administration Wei was restored in the Shaoding era, served in the Tongchuan and Luzhou commands, promoted local defenses and schools, and later held high court and military responsibilities.
    • Souyun魏了翁 (35522)The biographical texts cover the restoration, Baozhang Repository appointment, Tongchuan and Luzhou service, construction and schools, the acting Ministry of Rites appointment, the twenty-plus memorials, and supervision of the Jinghu and Jianghuai armies.
    • CBDBWei Liaoweng (4001)The office data list the Baozhang Repository post, acting Minister of Rites, Academician of the Duanming Palace, Assistant Commissioner of the Privy Council, and Luzhou.
  7. [7] Final appointments and honors The final paragraph records Wei's Shaoxing and Fuzhou appointments, death in office, age, posthumous title, and later elevation to Duke of Qin.
    • Souyun魏了翁 (35522)The biographical texts record the Shaoxing, eastern Zhejiang, Fuzhou, and Fujian appointments, the illness and death in 1237 at age sixty, and the posthumous honors.
    • CBDBWei Liaoweng (4001)The office and name data include Shaoxing, eastern Zhejiang, Fujian, Fuzhou, Grand Preceptor, and Wenjing.
  8. [8] Scholarship, memorials, and friends Wei's learning, teaching, memorials, and friendships are all stated in the biographical and relationship data.
    • Souyun魏了翁 (35522)The biographical texts describe his learning, self-contained school of scholarship, teaching at Mount Baihe, memorial on ten abuses, and twenty-plus memorials in six months.
    • CBDBWei Liaoweng (4001)The status data identify teaching and thinker status, and the relationship data identify 虞剛簡, 范仲黼, and 李心傳 as friends.
  9. [9] Collected writings The transmitted collection, its length, the publication of the posthumous manuscripts, and the variant name of the second son are all given in the evidence.
    • Souyun魏了翁 (35522)The biographical text calls his writings extensive, gives the Heshan quanwen ji as 109 juan, and says that the manuscripts were printed by 近思 and 近愚.
    • CBDBWei Liaoweng (4001)The work list contains 《鶴山先生大全文集》, while the kin entries identify 魏近思 and 魏克愚, preserving the name discrepancy.
  10. [10] Other works The work lists and biographical texts jointly provide the classical studies, other titles, and lyric collection named in this paragraph.
    • CBDBWei Liaoweng (4001)The work list contains the named Zhouyi, Shangshu, Maoshi, Chunqiu Zuozhuan, Yili, Liji, Jiujing, Zhengshuo, Gujin, Jingwai, Shiyou, Heshan ti-ba, Heshan Quyang reading notes, Heshan biji, Xueyi suibi, and Heshan ji titles.
    • Souyun魏了翁 (35522)The four biographical texts name the Jiujing, Zhouyi, Shangshu, Maoshi, Gujin, Jingwai, Heshan ji, Heshan quanwen ji, and Heshan ci works.