Zhang Wei

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

His great-grandfather was Zhang Rui, his grandfather Zhang Yuanchun, his father Zhang He, and his mother Chen.[3] He had five elder brothers—Zhang Zhong (born 1523), Zhang Ru, Zhang Bo, Zhang Zuo, and Zhang Zhun—and[4] seven younger brothers—Zhang Pei, Zhang Hua, Zhang Fen, Zhang Yin, Zhang Ren, Zhang Manxu, and Zhang Chu.[5] His wife was Cao, and his son was Zhang Dapu.[6]

In the thirty-seventh year of the Jiajing reign (1558), he placed second in the Jiangxi provincial examination and became a juren.[7] In the second year of Longqing (1568), he placed second in the metropolitan examination and received the second-class, thirty-first-place result in the palace examination, earning the jinshi degree.[8]

After earning the jinshi degree, he was selected as a shujishi and appointed a compiler in the Hanlin Academy, taking part in compiling the Veritable Records of the Shizong Emperor.[9] At the beginning of the Wanli reign, he proposed that historians keep the起居注 according to historical precedent; after offending Zhang Juzheng, he was demoted and appointed assistant prefect of Xuzhou.[10] After Zhang Juzheng’s death, he was recalled as Left Zhongyun.[11]

His subsequent offices included Director of Studies, Left Zhongyun, Grand Secretary of the Eastern Pavilion, Vice Minister of Personnel, Minister of Personnel, Minister of Rites, Grand Secretary of the Wenyuan Hall, and Grand Secretary of the Wuying Hall; he also held the titles Junior Guardian, Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent, and Guardian.[12] Other offices included Shijiang, Director of the Office of Imperial Seals, National University Libationer, Vice Minister of Rites, Director of Studies of the National University, Acting Director of Studies of the National University, and the posts of 詹事府少詹事 and 詹事府詹事.[13]

In 1574, the eighth year of Wanli, he became Director of Studies in the sixth month. In 1591, the nineteenth year of Wanli, he became Vice Minister of Personnel and concurrently Grand Secretary of the Eastern Pavilion, later serving as Grand Secretary of the Wenyuan Hall; another account describes him as being promoted to Minister of Personnel and then transferred to Grand Secretary of the Wuying Hall.[14]

Forceful and energetic, he made many decisions in government but often interfered with the Personnel Ministry’s authority over appointments and dismissals. When the controversy over the mining taxes arose, he could not stop it.[15] He recommended Yang Hao for military affairs in Korea; Yang failed to perform adequately, and critics alleged that his promotion had been obtained through “由賄位得之.”[16]

After being implicated in the first Demon Book case and accumulating other charges, he was removed from office and reduced to commoner status. He returned to Nanchang and retired at South Lake, where he established a villa on an island in the lake called Xinghualou.[17] There he cultivated literary friendships and once drank and composed poetry with Tang Xianzu, Liu Yingqiu, and others.[18]

During the Tianqi era under the Xizong Emperor, he was posthumously granted the title Guardian and given the posthumous name Wenzhuang; the posthumous name is also written Wenduan or Wenrui.[19]

Works and associations

Shen Shixing recommended his appointment as Vice Minister of Personnel and Grand Secretary of the Eastern Pavilion. Wang Zongmu, Feng Mengzhen, Huang Fengxiang, and Zhao Shixian, among others, wrote prefaces to his works, while Cao Xuequan was his student.[20] Zhang Wei exchanged letters, poems, and prose with Tang Xianzu, Liu Yingqiu, and others.[21]

His works included *Wenqi ji* in one juan, *Fayin lu* in one juan, *Daode jing zhu* in two juan, *Yinfu jing zhu* in one juan, *Xianyun guan ji*, and *Conggui shanfang gao*.[22] *Cilin dian gu* is also associated with him, and *Conggui shanfang gao* is alternatively written *Conggui shanfang huigao*.[23]

Office recordsCBDB

Year unknown24
OfficeEraPosting
侍講Era unknown京師
司業Era unknown南京
同知Era unknown徐州
吏部尚書Era unknown京師
吏部左侍郎Era unknown京師
國子監司業萬曆南京
太保Era unknown京師
太子太保Era unknown京師
少保Era unknown京師
尚寶司丞Era unknown南京
左春坊左中允Era unknown京師
庶吉士隆慶京師
文淵閣大學士Era unknown京師
文淵閣大學士Era unknown京師
東閣大學士Era unknown京師
武英殿大學士Era unknown京師
祭酒Era unknown京師
禮部右侍郎Era unknownUnknown
禮部尚書Era unknown京師
管國子監司業事萬曆Unknown
編修Era unknown京師
翰林院庶吉士Era unknown京師
詹事府少詹事萬曆Unknown
詹事府詹事萬曆Unknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
曾祖張瑞–
祖父張元春–
父張賀–
母陳氏(張位母)–
兄張仲1523–
兄張儒–
兄張伯–
兄張作–
兄張準–
弟張佩–
弟張化–
弟張份–
弟張胤–
弟張任–
弟張曼胥–
弟張儲–
妻子曹氏(張位妻)–
子張大朴–

AliasesCBDB

  • 名成 字
  • 名誠 字
  • 四 行第
  • 文瑞 諡號
  • 文端 諡號
  • 文莊 諡號
  • 明成 字
  • 洪陽 室名、別號

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
申時行被申時行推薦–
曹學佺學生為曹學佺–
王宗沐為王宗沐所著書作序–
馮夢禎書序由馮夢禎所作–
黃鳳翔書序由黃鳳翔所作–
趙世顯書序由趙世顯所作–
趙世顯書序由趙世顯所作–
李鼎祝詞由李鼎所作–
喻均從喻均處收到賀詞 (occasion)–
馮夢禎被致書由馮夢禎–
馮夢禎被致書由馮夢禎–
馮夢禎被致書由馮夢禎–
屠隆被致書由屠隆–
湯顯祖被致書由湯顯祖–
馮琦被致書由馮琦–
馮琦被致書由馮琦–
馮琦被致書由馮琦–
馮琦被致書由馮琦–
馮琦被致書由馮琦–
劉應秋被致書由劉應秋–
曾同亨被致書由曾同亨–
李材被致書由李材–
史桂芳被致書由史桂芳–
吳中行被致書由吳中行–
敖文禎被致書由敖文禎–
黃承玄被致書由黃承玄–
楊于庭被致書由楊于庭–
趙用賢被致書由趙用賢–
何三畏被致書由何三畏–
何三畏被致書由何三畏–
何三畏被致書由何三畏–
劉良弼被致書由劉良弼–
王家屏收到王家屏的答書–
申時行收到申時行的答書–
徐顯卿收到徐顯卿的答書–
王宗沐贈詩、文–
王宗沐贈詩、文–
許國贈詩、文–
許國贈詩、文–
曹汴贈詩、文–
湯顯祖收到湯顯祖的贈詩、文–
李維楨收到李維楨的贈詩、文–
湯賓尹收到湯賓尹的贈詩、文–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)
科舉: 進士(籠統)第二甲第三十一名
科舉: 鄉貢舉人
學校: 生員(庠生)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
問奇集一卷撰著者
發音錄一卷撰著者
道德經注二卷撰著者
陰符經注 一卷撰著者
閒雲館集撰著者
叢桂山房稿撰著者

Citations

  1. [1] Identity and dates This sentence identifies Zhang Wei as a major Ming official, gives the 1534–1605 lifespan, and preserves the alternative birth year of 1538.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)These values confirm the name Zhang Wei and his association with the Ming dynasty.
    • Souyun張位 (45423)These values give 1534 as the birth year, 1605 as the death year, and describe him as a major Ming official.
    • WikidataZhang Wei (Q11068067)These values confirm the English name and political identity and provide the 1538 birth-date value, which creates the stated alternative.
  2. [2] Courtesy and style names; origin This sentence presents the variant courtesy names, style name, and descriptions of Zhang Wei’s native place.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)These values list 明成, 名成, 名誠, 洪陽, and the place names 新建 and 南昌.
    • Souyun張位 (45423)These values give 明成, 名城, 洪陽, Jiangxi Xinjian, and the shorter description as a native of Nanchang.
    • WikidataZhang Wei (Q11068067)These values list 明成, 名成, 名誠, and 洪陽 as names associated with the person.
  3. [3] Ancestors and parents This sentence gives Zhang Wei’s great-grandfather, grandfather, father, and mother.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)These values identify Zhang Rui, Zhang Yuanchun, Zhang He, and Chen in the stated family relationships.
  4. [4] Elder brothers This sentence lists the five elder brothers and preserves Zhang Zhong’s recorded birth year.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)These values list Zhang Zhong, Zhang Ru, Zhang Bo, Zhang Zuo, and Zhang Zhun as elder brothers; Zhang Zhong’s birth year is 1523.
  5. [5] Younger brothers This sentence lists the seven younger brothers.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)These values list Zhang Pei, Zhang Hua, Zhang Fen, Zhang Yin, Zhang Ren, Zhang Manxu, and Zhang Chu as younger brothers.
  6. [6] Wife and son This sentence gives the names of Zhang Wei’s wife and son.
  7. [7] Provincial examination This sentence gives the year, place, ranking, and juren status of the provincial examination.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)These values confirm the provincial graduate status and the ranking of second.
    • Souyun張位 (45423)This passage explicitly gives the 1558 Jiangxi provincial examination and its second-place result.
  8. [8] Metropolitan and palace examinations This sentence gives the 1568 metropolitan and palace examination results and the jinshi degree.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)These values confirm the jinshi examination category and the second-class, thirty-first-place result.
    • Souyun張位 (45423)These passages give the second-place metropolitan result, the second-class thirty-first-place palace result, and the jinshi status in 1568.
    • WikidataZhang Wei (Q11068067)This value identifies him as a Longqing jinshi.
  9. [9] Hanlin appointment and historical compilation This sentence describes his selection as shujishi, appointment as a Hanlin compiler, and participation in compiling the Veritable Records of the Shizong Emperor.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)These values list the Hanlin shujishi and compiler appointments.
    • Souyun張位 (45423)These passages describe the compiler appointment and participation in compiling the Veritable Records of the Shizong Emperor.
  10. [10] Memorial on起居注 and demotion This sentence describes the proposal concerning the起居注 and the demotion to assistant prefect of Xuzhou after offending Zhang Juzheng.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)These values identify the office of assistant prefect and its location as Xuzhou.
    • Souyun張位 (45423)These passages describe the memorial on the起居注, the conflict with Zhang Juzheng, and the demotion to Xuzhou.
  11. [11] Recall as Left Zhongyun This sentence records his recall as Left Zhongyun after Zhang Juzheng’s death.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)This value lists the Left Zhongyun office.
    • Souyun張位 (45423)This passage states that he was recalled as Left Zhongyun after Zhang Juzheng died.
  12. [12] Principal offices This sentence summarizes Zhang Wei’s principal offices and honorary titles.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)These values list Director of Studies, Left Zhongyun, the Eastern and Wenyuan grand secretaryships, Personnel and Rites offices, the Wuying grand secretaryship, and the three guardian titles.
    • Souyun張位 (45423)These titles confirm Left Zhongyun, the Eastern Pavilion grand secretaryship, the Personnel and Rites offices, the Wenyuan and Wuying grand secretaryships, and the guardian titles.
  13. [13] Additional offices This sentence supplements the career with other recorded offices.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)These values add Shijiang, the Office of Imperial Seals, Libationer, Vice Minister of Rites, the National University offices, and the two 詹事府 offices.
  14. [14] Wanli promotions This sentence gives the 1574 and 1591 appointments and presents the differing accounts of his later offices.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)These values list the offices involved in the dated promotion sequence and in the alternative sequence.
    • Souyun張位 (45423)These passages provide the 1574 Director of Studies appointment, the 1591 Personnel and Eastern Pavilion appointments followed by the Wenyuan Hall post, and the alternative sequence through Minister of Personnel and the Wuying Hall.
    • WikidataZhang Wei (Q11068067)This value independently identifies him as a Longqing jinshi, consistent with the career context.
  15. [15] Political conduct and mining taxes This sentence describes his forceful conduct, administrative decisions, interference with Personnel authority, and inability to stop the mining-tax controversy.
    • Souyun張位 (45423)This passage describes his forceful character, extensive decisions, interference with Personnel appointments and dismissals, and inability to stop the mining-tax debate.
  16. [16] Yang Hao affair This sentence describes the recommendation of Yang Hao, Yang’s failure in Korean military affairs, and the criticism of his promotion, retaining the original wording of the allegation.
    • Souyun張位 (45423)This passage describes the recommendation of Yang Hao for Korean military affairs, Yang’s failure, and the allegation expressed as “由賄位得之.”
  17. [17] Demon Book case and retirement These sentences describe his removal from office after the first Demon Book case and other charges, followed by retirement at South Lake and the establishment of Xinghualou.
    • Souyun張位 (45423)These passages describe the first Demon Book case, removal to commoner status, return to Nanchang, retirement at South Lake, and Xinghualou.
  18. [18] Literary gatherings at Xinghualou This sentence describes his literary gatherings with Tang Xianzu, Liu Yingqiu, and others at his lakeside retreat.
    • Souyun張位 (45423)This passage describes literary gatherings at Xinghualou with Tang Xianzu, Liu Yingqiu, and others.
  19. [19] Posthumous honors This sentence gives the Tianqi-era posthumous grant and the variant posthumous names.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)These values list the posthumous names 文瑞, 文端, 文莊 and the Guardian title 太保.
    • Souyun張位 (45423)These passages give the Wenduan posthumous name and the Tianqi-era grant of Guardian with the name Wenzhuang.
    • WikidataZhang Wei (Q11068067)These values list the three posthumous names 文瑞, 文端, and 文莊.
  20. [20] Recommendations, prefaces, and students These sentences describe Shen Shixing’s recommendation, prefaces written by several people, and Cao Xuequan’s student relationship with Zhang Wei.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)These associations identify Shen Shixing’s recommendation, Cao Xuequan as his student, and Wang Zongmu, Feng Mengzhen, Huang Fengxiang, and Zhao Shixian as people who wrote prefaces to his works.
  21. [21] Letters, poems, and prose This sentence summarizes Zhang Wei’s correspondence and literary exchanges with Tang Xianzu, Liu Yingqiu, and others.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)These associations show letters sent to Tang Xianzu and Liu Yingqiu and poems or prose received from Tang Xianzu.
    • Souyun張位 (45423)This passage describes Zhang Wei’s drinking and poetry gatherings with Tang Xianzu and Liu Yingqiu.
  22. [22] Works and volumes This sentence lists the works and the recorded juan counts.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)These values list six works as authored texts and give the juan counts for Wenqi ji, Fayin lu, Daode jing zhu, and Yinfu jing zhu.
    • Souyun張位 (45423)These passages also mention Wenqi ji and the variant title Conggui shanfang huigao.
  23. [23] Variant titles This sentence adds Cilin diangu and gives the alternative form of Conggui shanfang gao.
    • CBDBZhang Wei (124309)This value gives the title Conggui shanfang gao.
    • Souyun張位 (45423)These passages provide Cilin dian gu and the variant title Conggui shanfang huigao.