Zhang Siwei

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FamilyCBDB

AliasesCBDB

• 一 行第
• 子維 字
• 子繼 字
• 文毅 諡號
• 鳳磐 室名、別號
• 鳳磬 室名、別號

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Citations

1. [1] Name and dates Zhang Siwei was born in 1526; his death year is given as either 1585 or 1586.
   • CBDBZhang Siwei (124070)The main record gives the name Zhang Siwei and the death year 1585.
   • Souyun張四維 (45540)The profile gives 1526–1586, while the two biographical texts give 1526–1586 and 1526–1585 respectively, preserving the discrepancy in the death year.
   • WikidataZhang Siwei (Q11068197)The English label and date claims identify him as Zhang Siwei and support 1526–1585.
2. [2] Identity Zhang Siwei was a politician of the Ming dynasty and held offices including oversight of the Office of the Heir Apparent.
   • CBDBZhang Siwei (124070)The main record places him in the Ming dynasty and lists the office of overseeing the Office of the Heir Apparent.
   • Souyun張四維 (45540)The biographical texts present him as a Ming official through his examination and government career.
   • WikidataZhang Siwei (Q11068197)The English description explicitly calls him a Ming dynasty politician.
3. [3] Ancestral home His ancestral home is given as Puzhou in Shanxi, with Puzhou-Pingyang as another form; the latter is identified with present-day Linfen, Shanxi.
   • CBDBZhang Siwei (124070)The address entry gives Puzhou as his ancestral home.
   • Souyun張四維 (45540)The profile and one biographical text give Shanxi Puzhou, while another gives Puzhou-Pingyang and identifies it with present-day Linfen, Shanxi.
4. [4] Names and posthumous title His courtesy names were Ziwei and Ziji; his style names included Fengqing and Fengpan, with Fengpan also written Fengpan in Chinese as 鳳盤, and his posthumous name was Wenyi.
   • CBDBZhang Siwei (124070)The alternate-name entries give the romanized forms Ziwei, Ziji, Wenyi, Fengpan, and Fengqing, with the Chinese forms and their name types.
   • Souyun張四維 (45540)The biographical texts give the courtesy name Ziwei, the style name Fengqing, and the variants Fengpan and Fengpan written 鳳盤.
   • WikidataZhang Siwei (Q11068197)The name entries and claims preserve Ziwei, Ziji, Wenyi, Fengpan, and Fengqing as aliases and name values.
5. [5] Family background Zhang Siwei came from a Shanxi salt-merchant family and was associated with Puzhou’s wealthy merchants.
   • Souyun張四維 (45540)The biographical text calls him a member of a Shanxi salt-merchant family and a wealthy merchant of Puzhou.
6. [6] Paternal ancestry His father was Zhang Yunling, his grandfather Zhang Yi, and his great-grandfather Zhang Ning.
   • CBDBZhang Siwei (124070)The kinship entries list Zhang Ning as great-grandfather, Zhang Yi as grandfather, and Zhang Yunling as father.
7. [7] Mother, wife, and brothers His mother and wife were both Wang, and his six younger brothers were Zhang Siduan, Zhang Sijiao, Zhang Sishi, Zhang Sixiang, Zhang Sishu, and Zhang Sifu.
   • CBDBZhang Siwei (124070)The kinship entries identify the mother and wife as Wang and list the six younger brothers by name.
8. [8] Early education At fifteen, Zhang Siwei passed the licentiate examination with distinction and attracted the educational commissioner’s notice.
   • Souyun張四維 (45540)The biographical text says that at fifteen he passed the xiucai examination with high standing and impressed the educational commissioner.
9. [9] Provincial examination The 1549 Shanxi provincial examination is reported with two different placements: second place and 83.
   • CBDBZhang Siwei (124070)The examination entry identifies him as a provincial examination candidate and gives the rank as 83.
   • Souyun張四維 (45540)The biographical text places him second in the 1549 Shanxi provincial examination.
10. [10] Jinshi examination In 1553 he passed the Gui-chou jinshi examination, entered the Hanlin Academy as a shujishi, and ranked 86th in the second class.
    • CBDBZhang Siwei (124070)The examination entries identify him as a jinshi and give the second-class rank as 86th.
    • Souyun張四維 (45540)The biographical texts give the Gui-chou jinshi examination, the 1553 date, and his entry into the Hanlin Academy as a shujishi; the title list also includes jinshi and shujishi.
11. [11] Hanlin appointment In 1555 he was appointed a Hanlin compiler.
    • Souyun張四維 (45540)The biographical texts state that he was appointed a compiler in the thirty-fourth year of the Jiajing reign, corresponding here to 1555; the title list also includes compiler.
12. [12] Early Longqing promotions In 1567, work on dividing and copying the Yongle Dadian brought Zhang Siwei a series of promotions in the Spring Residences and the Hanlin Academy.
    • Souyun張四維 (45540)The biographical text links the 1567 Yongle Dadian copying project to promotions as Right Zhongyun, daily lecturer, Left Yude, and Hanlin reader; the title list confirms these offices.
13. [13] Abilities and Gao Gong’s patronage Zhang Siwei was talented, knowledgeable about current and frontier affairs, valued by Gao Gong, and praised as a “truly erudite gentleman.”
    • Souyun張四維 (45540)Both biographical texts describe his talent and Gao Gong’s esteem; the fuller text adds his knowledge of current affairs and the praise “真博物君子.”
14. [14] Mid-Longqing career and Altan settlement In 1569 Gao Gong promoted Zhang Siwei to Hanlin academician and vice minister of personnel; in 1570 Zhang supported Gao Gong and Zhang Juzheng during Han Naji’s submission, helping bring about the Altan封貢 settlement, then became left vice minister and sought retirement because of illness.
    • Souyun張四維 (45540)The biographical text details the 1569–1570 promotions, Han Naji’s submission, the Altan封貢 settlement, and retirement on grounds of illness; the title list confirms the Hanlin and personnel offices.
15. [15] Wanli restoration and entry into the Grand Secretariat In 1574 Zhang Siwei returned to office, continued overseeing the Office of the Heir Apparent, and served as deputy chief editor of the Veritable Record of the Jiajing Emperor; in 1575 he entered the Grand Secretariat as Minister of Rites and Grand Academician of the Eastern Lodge.
    • CBDBZhang Siwei (124070)The office entry confirms his role overseeing the Office of the Heir Apparent.
    • Souyun張四維 (45540)The biographical texts describe his restoration, work on the Veritable Record, and 1575 entry into the Grand Secretariat; the title list confirms Minister of Rites, Eastern Lodge Grand Academician, deputy chief editor, and oversight of the Heir Apparent’s office.
16. [16] Wanli wedding and Wuying Hall appointment In spring 1578 Zhang Siwei presided over the Wanli Emperor’s wedding, received the title Junior Guardian, and became Grand Academician of the Wuying Hall.
    • Souyun張四維 (45540)The biographical text gives the spring 1578 wedding, the Junior Guardian title, and the Wuying Hall appointment; the title list confirms both offices.
17. [17] Relationship with Zhang Juzheng Zhang Siwei initially deferred to Zhang Juzheng in the Grand Secretariat, but their relationship deteriorated when his draft edicts no longer fully followed Zhang’s wishes.
    • Souyun張四維 (45540)The biographical texts describe his early deference to Zhang Juzheng and the subsequent deterioration caused by differences over draft edicts.
18. [18] Succession and denunciation of Zhang Juzheng After Zhang Juzheng’s death in 1582, Zhang Siwei became chief grand secretary, reversed Zhang’s reforms, and drafted an edict denouncing him; he later received the offices of Junior Preceptor, Minister of Personnel, and Grand Academician of the Zhongji Hall.
    • Souyun張四維 (45540)The biographical text gives the 1582 succession, reversal of Zhang Juzheng’s measures, denunciatory edict, and later promotions; the title list confirms the three subsequent offices.
19. [19] Mourning and departure from office In the fourth month of the eleventh Wanli year, his father’s death sent him home to observe mourning; his farewell counsel urged ancestral observance, filial conduct, study, diligence, restraint, frugality, and care for the people, after which he left office.
    • Souyun張四維 (45540)The biographical text records his return home for mourning in the eleventh Wanli year and preserves the eight subjects of his farewell counsel to the emperor.
20. [20] Death and posthumous name He died at home in the tenth month of the thirteenth Wanli year, when his mourning was nearly complete; the emperor suspended court for a day and gave him the posthumous name Wenyi. Another biographical text gives 1586 as the death year.
    • CBDBZhang Siwei (124070)The main record gives the death year as 1585 and the alternate-name entry gives the posthumous name Wenyi.
    • Souyun張四維 (45540)One biographical text gives 1586 and the posthumous name Wenyi, while the other details the death at home in the tenth month of the thirteenth Wanli year and the one-day suspension of court.
    • WikidataZhang Siwei (Q11068197)The date description and claim support death in 1585, while the alias and posthumous-name claim give Wenyi.
21. [21] Work Zhang Siwei’s works include the Tiaolutang ji, in thirty-four juan.
    • CBDBZhang Siwei (124070)The works entry gives the Tiaolutang ji in thirty-four juan.
    • Souyun張四維 (45540)The biographical text names the Tiaolutang ji as one of his works.
22. [22] Preface and epitaphs He wrote a preface for a book by Zhang Peng and composed epitaphs for Wang Yuling, Ma Ziqiang, and Kang Siqian.
    • CBDBZhang Siwei (124070)The association entries identify Zhang Peng as the author whose book received a preface and list Wang Yuling, Ma Ziqiang, and Kang Siqian as subjects of epitaphs by Zhang Siwei.