Wang Caiwei

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公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life and learning

At nineteen she married Sun Xingyan, who entered her family as an uxorilocal husband; they had a daughter, A Ling[5]. She died in 1776 at the age of twenty-four[6].

She was delicate in appearance from birth, and as she grew up was described as graceful in appearance and gentle in temperament[7]. Her father educated his daughters as he would sons, and all the sisters could read and write. She immersed herself in literary and historical study, kept books constantly in hand, and especially enjoyed verse[8]. She read and copied texts at a bright, orderly desk, brewed tea, arranged flowers, and sometimes read Daoist books, entertaining thoughts of transcendence. In the mountain studio she burned incense, opened books, and discussed historical matters with Sun Xingyan[9].

Within days of marriage, she asked Sun Xingyan to compose ci and invited him to play go; he subsequently wrote the lyrics but never managed to play against her[10]. She also agreed with him to learn several dozen characters from the *Shuowen* each day; in time, Sun mastered elementary philology[11]. She considered much of Tang-and-Five-Dynasties ci suitable for singing to melody, and in the quiet of late-spring nights played Li Yu's lyrics on the flute. She was fastidious about cleanliness and kept the tables and mats in order[12].

She enjoyed Han and Jin histories and was especially skilled in small regular script; a manuscript of poems she copied for an elder was said to resemble the style of Yu Yongxing[13]. During her illness she coughed through the night, suspected she would not recover, and produced poetry and lyrics in a plaintive tone[14].

Works and poetic style

Her works include *Changlige ji* (《長離閣集》); the title also appears as *Changlige shiji* (《長離閣詩集》) or *Changlige shici* (《長離閣詩詞》), and *Yuzhen ji* (《玉珍集》) is also associated with her[15]. Her poetry was described as qingchao, clear and elevated. In *Zhou guo Dantu, yu fuzi deng shan an xing* (《舟過丹徒,與夫子登山岸行》), she evokes solitary walking, villages, paired birds, a lone firefly, moonlight, a settled tide, faint oar sounds, and glimmering fires along the water[16].

Posthumous reception

The prefaces associated with her writings were written by Kong Guangsen and Ye Guoguo; Yuan Mei composed an epitaph, Gong Qing a postscript, and Ruan Yuan, He Senlin, and Zhang Jingbang supplied title inscriptions[17]. Wang Guangxie wrote her biography, and Sun Xingyan her xingzhuang[18].

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
父王光燮1711–1779
丈夫孫星衍1753–1818
姪女之夫龔慶1796–1861

AliasesCBDB

  • 玉珍 字
  • 玉瑛 未詳

StatusCBDB

  • 詩人
  • 史學家
  • 佛教之俗家弟子

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
孔廣森書序由孔廣森所作–
葉觀國書序由葉觀國所作–
袁枚墓誌銘由袁枚所作–
龔慶書跋由龔慶所作–
王光燮傳記作者為王光燮–
孫星衍行狀由孫星衍所作–
阮元書之題詞由阮元所作–
何森林書之題詞由何森林所作–
張經邦書之題詞由張經邦所作–

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
國朝閨閣詩鈔:一百種一百卷
林下雅音集:五種
長離閣集:一卷
玉珍集
長離閣詩集:一卷
留香草合刻
罷繡吟(王采薇)

Citations

  1. [1] Name and dates Wang Caiwei was born in 1753 and died in 1776.
    • CBDBWang Caiwei (54395)The main record gives the English name Wang Caiwei and the years 1753 and 1776.
    • Souyun王采薇 (67900)The profile and biographical entry identify Wang Caiwei as living from 1753 to 1776.
    • WikidataWang Caiwei (Q45695489)The item gives the English label Wang Caiwei and time values corresponding to 1753 and 1776.
  2. [2] Identity and dynasty She was a Qing-dynasty woman poet, historian, and lay Buddhist.
    • CBDBWang Caiwei (54395)The main record places her in the Qing dynasty, identifies her as female, and lists her as a poet, historian, and lay Buddhist.
    • Souyun王采薇 (67900)The profile and introduction identify her as a Qing-period person with literary interests.
    • WikidataWang Caiwei (Q45695489)The English description calls her a Qing-dynasty person.
  3. [3] Names and variants Her initial name was Weiyu; the sources give Yuying and Yuzhen as variant courtesy names, while one formulation treats Weiyu as a courtesy name and Yuying as an additional name.
    • CBDBWang Caiwei (54395)The main record lists Yuzhen and Yuying as alternate names, with Yuzhen classified as a courtesy name.
    • Souyun王采薇 (67900)The profile and three introductions preserve the forms Weiyu, Yuying, and Yuzhen with differing assignments of initial name and courtesy name.
    • WikidataWang Caiwei (Q45695489)The item lists Yuying and Yuzhen, together with their Chinese forms, as aliases.
  4. [4] Hometown and family Wang Caiwei was from Wujin in Jiangsu and was the fourth daughter of Wang Guangxie, a county magistrate.
    • CBDBWang Caiwei (54395)The record gives Wujin as her ancestral place and Wang Guangxie as her father.
    • Souyun王采薇 (67900)The profile places her in Jiangsu Wujin, while two introductions call Guangxie a county magistrate and identify her as his fourth daughter.
  5. [5] Marriage and daughter At nineteen, Wang Caiwei married Sun Xingyan, who entered her household, and they had a daughter named A Ling.
    • CBDBWang Caiwei (54395)The kinship record identifies Sun Xingyan as her husband.
    • Souyun王采薇 (67900)The biographical account says that at nineteen Sun Xingyan entered her household and that they had a daughter, A Ling.
  6. [6] Death and age Wang Caiwei died in 1776 at the age of twenty-four.
  7. [7] Appearance and temperament She was described as physically delicate, graceful in appearance, and gentle in temperament.
    • Souyun王采薇 (67900)The biographical account describes her as delicate from birth and later as graceful and gentle.
  8. [8] Education and literary interests Her father educated his daughters as he would sons; the sisters were literate, and Wang Caiwei devoted herself to literary and historical study and verse.
    • Souyun王采薇 (67900)The introductions describe her literary and historical interests and love of verse, while the family account says that her father taught daughters as sons and that the sisters could read and write.
  9. [9] Reading and historical discussion She read and copied texts, brewed tea, arranged flowers, read Daoist books, and discussed historical matters with Sun Xingyan.
    • Souyun王采薇 (67900)The biographical and household accounts describe her reading, calligraphy practice, tea, flowers, Daoist books, incense, and discussions of history.
  10. [10] Ci and go Soon after marriage she asked Sun Xingyan to compose ci and invited him to play go; he later wrote ci but never played against her.
    • CBDBWang Caiwei (54395)The kinship record confirms that Sun Xingyan was her husband.
    • Souyun王采薇 (67900)The household account describes her request that Sun Xingyan write ci, her invitation to play go, and his later inability to play.
  11. [11] Shuowen study She and Sun Xingyan agreed to learn several dozen characters from the Shuowen each day, after which he mastered elementary philology.
    • Souyun王采薇 (67900)The household account says that she and Sun Xingyan agreed to learn dozens of characters from the Shuowen each day and that he eventually mastered elementary philology.
  12. [12] Ci and household life She considered much of Tang-and-Five-Dynasties ci singable to a melody, played Li Yu’s lyrics on the flute, and was meticulous about household cleanliness.
    • Souyun王采薇 (67900)The household account describes her view of Tang-and-Five-Dynasties ci, her flute playing, and her habit of keeping the household furnishings clean and orderly.
  13. [13] Histories and calligraphy She read Han and Jin histories, excelled in small regular script, and produced a manuscript compared with the style of Yu Yongxing.
    • Souyun王采薇 (67900)The postscript praises her reading of Han and Jin histories, her small regular script, and a manuscript likened to Yu Yongxing’s calligraphic tradition.
  14. [14] Illness and final poetry During her illness she coughed throughout the night, feared she would not recover, and wrote poetry and lyrics in a plaintive tone.
    • Souyun王采薇 (67900)The household account describes her prolonged nighttime coughing, fear that she would not rise again, and plaintive poetry and lyrics.
  15. [15] Works Her associated works include Changlige ji, variant titles Changlige shiji and Changlige shici, and Yuzhen ji.
    • CBDBWang Caiwei (54395)The book list includes Changlige ji, Yuzhen ji, and Changlige shiji.
    • Souyun王采薇 (67900)Three introductions name Changlige ji and the variant title Changlige shici.
  16. [16] Poetic style and imagery Her poetry was described as qingchao, and the Dantu poem presents quiet travel imagery of villages, birds, a firefly, moonlight, tide, oars, and fires along the water.
    • Souyun王采薇 (67900)The poetry discussion calls her verse qingchao and quotes the Dantu poem with its travel and night-scene imagery.
  17. [17] Prefaces, epitaph, postscript, and inscriptions Prefaces, an epitaph, a postscript, and title inscriptions associated with her writings were supplied by Kong Guangsen, Ye Guoguo, Yuan Mei, Gong Qing, Ruan Yuan, He Senlin, and Zhang Jingbang.
    • CBDBWang Caiwei (54395)The associated items name Kong Guangsen and Ye Guoguo as preface writers, Yuan Mei as epitaph writer, Gong Qing as postscript writer, and Ruan Yuan, He Senlin, and Zhang Jingbang as inscription writers.
  18. [18] Biography and xingzhuang Wang Guangxie wrote her biography, and Sun Xingyan wrote her xingzhuang.
    • CBDBWang Caiwei (54395)The associated items identify Wang Guangxie as the biography writer and Sun Xingyan as the xingzhuang writer.