Zheng Yu

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

His father was Zheng Qianling (1265–1331); his younger brother was Zheng Lian (1317–1360), his agnatic cousin was Zheng Cong (1322–1343), his wife was Cheng, and his sons were Zheng Fengchen and Zheng Zuze (1337–1346), the latter being the second son.[5]

Zheng Yu had little interest in office and lectured at Shishan Academy.[6] His pupils became so numerous that his residence could not contain them, so he built the Shishan Academy to accommodate them; scholars called him “Master Shishan.”[7]

During the Zhizheng era of Emperor Shun[8], he was summoned as Hanlin daizhi[9] and Fengyi Dafu[10]. In Zhizheng 14 (1354)[11], an envoy was sent across the sea with ceremonial wine and gifts to summon him[12]; he pleaded illness and declined[13], devoting himself to writing[14].

His life dates are given as 1298–1358, while his death is placed in Zhizheng 17 (1357).[15] After the Ming emperor took Huizhou, one version says that Zhu Yuanzhang sent Deng Yu to force him into service, while another says that the local commander did so.[16] Zheng Yu refused, asking how he could serve two dynasties[17]; he bowed twice toward the north and hanged himself[18].

Scholarship and associations

He mastered the Five Classics, with particular expertise in the Spring and Autumn Annals[19]. His prose avoided elaborate ornament and was highly praised by Yu, Jie, and Ouyang[20].

Ling Qingsi was his friend[21]. His literary relations included Wang Yi and Hu Mo, for whom he wrote prefaces[22], and Cheng Wen, to whom he wrote letters[23]. He composed farewell pieces for Tang Guifang, Wang Kuan, Wang Shi, Wang Xunyuan, and Ge Jiang[24]; Zhao Fang and Yang Weizhen also sent him farewell writings[25].

Works

His works include 《春秋經傳闕疑》[26] in 45 juan[27] and 《師山集》[28].

His writings span prefaces, epitaphs, tomb inscriptions, postscripts, letters, academy and school records, temple and Daoist-monastery inscriptions, mourning poems, and farewell poems and prefaces[29].

A poem attributed to him reads: “何時四海收兵甲，還向師山理舊書。”[30]

Reception

Cheng Yiwen of the same commandery praised his conduct as lofty and his understanding of the Way as clear, saying that he had developed a voice of his own[31].

Later writings include Zhu Sheng’s 《祭鄭師山先生文》, 汪克寬’s 《師山先生鄭公行狀》, and 王褘’s 《書鄭子美文集後》; another piece is titled 《題鄭子美師山精舍》.[32]

Office recordsCBDB

Year unknown1
OfficeEraPosting
翰林國史院待制Era unknownUnknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
父鄭千齡1265–1331
弟鄭璉1317–1360
從弟鄭琮1322–1343
妻子程氏(鄭玉妻)–
子鄭逢辰–
次子鄭祖澤1337–1346

AliasesCBDB

  • 子美 字
  • 師山 室名、別號

StatusCBDB

  • 士人
  • 拒絕出仕

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
凌慶四友–
羅願為羅願所著書作序–
王儀為王儀所著書作序–
胡默為胡默所著書作序–
程文書序由程文所作1357–
汪克寬墓誌銘由汪克寬所作1357–
鄭琮為鄭琮作墓誌銘–
王廷珍為王廷珍作墓誌銘–
朱璟為朱璟作墓誌銘–
洪賾為洪賾作墓誌銘–
洪雷轟為洪雷轟作墓誌銘–
鮑周為鮑周作墓誌銘–
鮑魯卿為鮑魯卿作墓誌銘–
王褘書跋由王褘所作1357–
唐元書跋由唐元所作1357–
鄭璉為鄭璉作字說、名述–
李友諒為李友諒作字說、名述–
洪采為洪采作字說、名述–
朱升祭文由朱升所作1357–
趙孟頫為趙孟頫之書、畫作跋–
陸深書、畫由陸深作跋–
馬楨為馬楨作廟碑記–
鮑同仁為鮑同仁作廟碑記–
唐桂芳為唐桂芳作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)1357–
汪克寬為汪克寬作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)1357–
王詵為王詵作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
汪巽元為汪巽元作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
葛將為葛將作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
趙汸臨別得到趙汸所作贈言(送別詩、序)1357–
楊維禎臨別得到楊維禎所作贈言(送別詩、序)1357–
王儀臨別得到王儀所作贈言(送別詩、序)1357–
王儀臨別得到王儀所作贈言(送別詩、序)–
趙汸從趙汸處收到賀詞 (occasion)–
鄭千齡為鄭千齡作墓表–
周榮之為周榮之作墓表–
鮑元康為鮑元康作墓表–
許謙為許謙作挽詩、詞–
汪克寬行狀由汪克寬所作–
程文致書程文–
鄭拱辰致書鄭拱辰–
鄭逢辰致書鄭逢辰–
鮑元康致書鮑元康–
趙汸被致書由趙汸–
唐元收到唐元的贈詩、文–
唐元收到唐元的贈詩、文–
方積為方積之建築物題詠、記、命名–
吳睿為吳睿之建築物題詠、記、命名–
唐桂芳學記（書院記）由唐桂芳所作–
李思明為李思明作學記（書院記）–
王褘詩文跋由王褘所作–
唐元詩文跋由唐元所作–
楊士奇詩文跋由楊士奇所作–
唐元詩文跋由唐元所作–
葉琛詩文序由葉琛所作–
鮑周詩文序由鮑周所作–
也先脫因稱道也先脫因之政績–
合剌不花稱道合剌不花之政績–
帖古迭兒稱道帖古迭兒之政績–
謝本真為謝本真作道觀記–
張灝為張灝作祠記–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
徵辟

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
師山集
春秋經傳闕疑 四十五卷撰著者

Citations

  1. [1] Name and dates Zheng Yu is identified as a person born in 1298 and deceased in 1358.
    • CBDBZheng Yu (8) (30793)The principal record gives the Chinese name 鄭玉 and the years 1298 and 1358.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The profile and biographical entry identify 鄭玉 as living from 1298 to 1358.
    • WikidataZheng Yu (Q45418551)The English label is Zheng Yu, with time values for birth in 1298 and death in 1358.
  2. [2] Period and identity Zheng Yu belonged to the Yuan period and is described through his classical learning, teaching, and literary work as a scholar and writer.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The profile places him in the Yuan dynasty, while the biographies describe his learning, teaching, and writing.
  3. [3] Courtesy name and sobriquet His courtesy name was Zimei and his sobriquet was Shishan.
    • CBDBZheng Yu (8) (30793)The alternative-name entries classify Zimei as his 字 and Shishan as his 室名、別號, with both romanized forms supplied.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The profile and biographies call him 字子美 and 號師山.
    • WikidataZheng Yu (Q45418551)The English and Chinese aliases give the corresponding forms Shishan and Zimei, as well as 子美 and 師山.
  4. [4] Place of origin He came from She County in Huizhou.
    • CBDBZheng Yu (8) (30793)The address entry gives 歙縣 as his basic place of origin.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The profile and biographies identify him as a native of 徽州歙縣.
  5. [5] Family His father was Zheng Qianling; his younger brother was Zheng Lian, his agnatic cousin Zheng Cong, his wife Cheng, and his sons Zheng Fengchen and Zheng Zuze. The available dates for the named relatives are included.
    • CBDBZheng Yu (8) (30793)The kinship entries give the relationships, names, and available life dates for his father, brother, agnatic cousin, wife, sons, and second son.
  6. [6] Teaching and pupils He had little interest in office, lectured at Shishan Academy, accommodated a large body of pupils there, and was called Master Shishan by scholars.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The biographies describe his rejection of official pursuits and his teaching at Shishan Academy.
  7. [7] Teaching and pupils His many pupils exceeded the capacity of his residence, leading him to construct the academy, and scholars called him Master Shishan.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The biographies state that his pupils became too numerous for his residence, that he built Shishan Academy for them, and that scholars called him 師山先生.
  8. [8] Summons in the Zhizheng era The summons occurred during the Zhizheng era under Emperor Shun.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The biographical entry places the summons in 順帝至正中.
  9. [9] Hanlin appointment He was summoned as Hanlin daizhi.
    • CBDBZheng Yu (8) (30793)The office and entry data give 翰林國史院待制 and 徵辟.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The profile and biographies identify the title 翰林待制 and describe his summons to it.
  10. [10] Fengyi Dafu The appointment was also associated with the title Fengyi Dafu.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The profile and biography list 奉議大夫 among the titles connected with the summons.
  11. [11] Zhizheng 14 Zhizheng 14 is identified as 1354, the year associated with his appointment and summons.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The biography gives 至正十四年, and the date annotation maps it to 1354.
  12. [12] Overseas summons An envoy was sent by sea with gifts to summon him.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The biography says that an envoy carried 上尊名幣 and went by sea to summon him.
  13. [13] Refusal of office He pleaded illness and did not take up the summons, corresponding to the status of refusing office.
  14. [14] Devotion to writing After declining office, he devoted himself to writing.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The biography says that after declining the appointment he took writing as his occupation.
  15. [15] Dates and death chronology The life dates are given as 1298–1358, while the death event is assigned to Zhizheng 17, mapped to 1357.
    • CBDBZheng Yu (8) (30793)The principal data give the years 1298 and 1358.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The profile and one biography give 1298–1358, while the other biography places the death in 十七年 and the date annotation maps it to 1357.
    • WikidataZheng Yu (Q45418551)The time values likewise give birth in 1298 and death in 1358.
  16. [16] Competing accounts of the summons at Huizhou After Huizhou fell to the Ming, one biography names Deng Yu, sent by Zhu Yuanzhang, while the other names the local commander; both accounts concern an attempt to force him into service.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The two biographies differ over who pressed him to enter service: one says Zhu Yuanzhang sent Deng Yu, and the other says a Huizhou commander did so.
  17. [17] Refusal to serve two dynasties He refused the summons and expressed the principle that he could not serve two dynasties.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The biographies say that he did not comply; one preserves his words 吾豈仕二姓者耶.
  18. [18] Death by hanging He bowed twice toward the north and died by hanging.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The biographies describe either 自縊死 or 北向再拜自經死.
  19. [19] Classical learning He mastered the Five Classics and was particularly expert in the Spring and Autumn Annals.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The biography says 博究五經 and that he was particularly accomplished in 春秋.
  20. [20] Prose and literary reputation His prose avoided elaborate ornament and was highly praised by Yu, Jie, and Ouyang.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The biography says 為文章不事雕刻 and that he was highly praised by 虞、揭、歐陽諸公.
  21. [21] Friendship Ling Qingsi was identified as his friend.
  22. [22] Literary relations Wang Yi and Hu Mo were among Zheng Yu’s literary relations.
    • CBDBZheng Yu (8) (30793)The associations identify Wang Yi and Hu Mo and classify the works as prefaces written for their books.
  23. [23] Letter to Cheng Wen He wrote letters to Cheng Wen.
    • CBDBZheng Yu (8) (30793)The association data identify Cheng Wen and include both a letter to him and a correspondence title.
  24. [24] Farewell writings He composed farewell pieces for Tang Guifang, Wang Kuan, Wang Shi, Wang Xunyuan, and Ge Jiang.
    • CBDBZheng Yu (8) (30793)The associations list farewell pieces or prefaces written for 唐桂芳, 汪克寬, 王詵, 汪巽元, and 葛將.
  25. [25] Farewell exchanges Zhao Fang and Yang Weizhen sent him farewell writings.
    • CBDBZheng Yu (8) (30793)The associations identify 趙汸 and 楊維禎 as persons who sent Zheng Yu farewell words or prefaces.
  26. [26] Chunqiu Jingzhuan Queyi His works include 《春秋經傳闕疑》, which is listed as a work by him.
    • CBDBZheng Yu (8) (30793)The work entry gives 《春秋經傳闕疑 四十五卷》 and identifies him as its author.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The biography lists 《春秋經傳闕疑》 among his works.
  27. [27] Volume count 《春秋經傳闕疑》 is listed in 45 juan.
  28. [28] Shishan ji 《師山集》 is also listed among his works.
  29. [29] Range of genres His writing covered prefaces, epitaphs, tomb inscriptions, postscripts, letters, academy and school records, temple and Daoist-monastery inscriptions, mourning poems, and farewell poems and prefaces.
    • CBDBZheng Yu (8) (30793)The association categories separately identify prefaces, epitaphs, tomb inscriptions, postscripts, letters, academy or school records, temple and Daoist-monastery records, mourning poems, and farewell poems or prefaces.
  30. [30] Poem A poem attributed to Zheng Yu contains the lines about the four seas laying down their arms and returning to Shishan to study old books.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The biography preserves the poem beginning 何時四海收兵甲，還向師山理舊書.
  31. [31] Cheng Yiwen’s assessment Cheng Yiwen praised his conduct as lofty, his understanding of the Way as clear, and his ability to develop a distinctive intellectual voice.
    • Souyun鄭玉 (40673)The biography preserves 程以文’s praise of his conduct, understanding of the Way, and ability to make a school of his own.
  32. [32] Later writings about Zheng Yu Later writings include a memorial text by Zhu Sheng, a biographical account by 汪克寬, a postscript by 王褘, and a piece on Zheng Yu’s Shishan studio.
    • CBDBZheng Yu (8) (30793)The associations list Zhu Sheng’s memorial, 汪克寬’s account of Zheng Yu’s life, 王褘’s postscript to his collected writings, and a piece titled 題鄭子美師山精舍.