Yao He

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

Yao Chong was among Yao He’s ancestors; the genealogical tradition describes Yao He both as Yao Chong’s great-grandson and as his great-grandnephew. His father is named as Yao 閛 or 闬 and had served as magistrate of Linhe in Xiangzhou. His wife was Lu Qi (盧綺, 792–850), his son was Yao Qian (姚潛, 821–865), his father-in-law was Lu Zhao (盧肇), and his sons-in-law included Li Pin (李頻) and Guo Tu (郭圖). His place of death is given as Wannian, and his burial place as Henan.[3]

In Yuanhe 11 (816), he passed the jinshi examination and was appointed xiaoshu lang (校書郎); he served on the staff of Tian Hongzheng, military governor of Weibo, then became wugong zhubu (武功主簿) and later held the posts of magistrate of Wannian and Fuping (萬年、富平尉). During Baoli 2 (826), he became an Investigating Censor (監察御史) and was soon assigned to the Eastern Capital; he then served as Palace Censor (殿中侍御史), Vice Director in the Ministry of Revenue (戶部員外郎), and prefect of Jinzhou (金州刺史).[4]

He later held the offices of Director in the Ministry of Justice (刑部郎中), Director in the Ministry of Revenue (戶部郎中), Counsellor-in-Remonstrance (諫議大夫), and Palace Remonstrant (給事中); in 834, he left the Ministry of Justice post to serve as prefect of Hangzhou. While he was serving as a remonstrance official, local people complained that the Superintendent of Oxen and Sheep had seized their fields. The emperor ordered Zhu Chou to review the case, but Zhu returned the land to the superintendent; Yao He impeached him and exposed the private dealings, and the land was restored to the people. In 839, Yao He became surveillance commissioner of the Shan-Guo circuit; late in life he served as Secretary Supervisor (秘書省少監) and, during the Huichang era, as Secretary Supervisor (秘書監), receiving the posthumous name Yi.[5]

Poetry and literary achievement

Yao He was chiefly a writer of five-character regulated verse. His poetry is described as robust yet finely worked, rounded and polished, and his thirty-poem sequence *Written in Wugong County* (《武功縣中作》) is regarded as representative; his manner became known as the Wugong style. He often drew on immediate objects—flowers, bamboo, cranes, monks, zithers, medicines, tea, and wine—and used small scenes to express a free and unrestrained sensibility.[6]

His style was close to Jia Dao’s but generally plainer and more accessible, and the two were known together as “Yao and Jia” or “Jia and Yao.” Yao He was associated with the late-Tang school of painstaking composition and was regarded as one of its leading figures. He was a friend of Jia Dao, moved among Ma Dai, Fei Guanqing, Yin Yaofan, and Zhang Ji, and was regarded by Li Pin as a teacher. His poetic reputation led contemporaries to regard him as a model of literature; the Southern Song Four Lings particularly admired his poetry, while the late-Song Jianghu school was also said to have drawn from it. Later critics praised its purity and refined correctness, but also faulted its narrow range and restricted scope.[7]

Works

Yao He compiled the *Jixuan ji* (《極玄集》) in two juan, selecting one hundred poems by twenty-one poets including Wang Wei, Zu Yong, and Qian Qi; ninety-nine of those poems survive. His transmitted works include the ten-juan *Yao He shiji* (《姚合詩集》) and the one-juan *Shili* (《詩例》); a ten-juan *Yao Shaojian ji* (《姚少監集》) was rearranged in the Song, and the title *Yao Shaojian shiji* (《姚少監詩集》) is also found. The *Quan Tang shi* preserves seven juan of his poetry.[8]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 826 監察御史分司東都 寶曆
  2. 828 右巡使 大和
  3. 828 殿中侍御史 大和
  4. 833 州刺史 大和
  5. 834 州刺史 大和
  6. 835 州刺史 大和
  7. 836 諫議大夫 開成
  8. 839 州刺史 開成
  9. 839 觀察使 開成
  10. 844 秘書省少監 會昌
  11. 846 秘書監 會昌

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
監察御史分司東都826寶曆
右巡使828大和
殿中侍御史828大和
州刺史833大和漢陰
州刺史834大和杭州
州刺史835大和餘杭
諫議大夫836開成
州刺史839開成陝州
觀察使839開成陝虢軍節度
秘書省少監844會昌
秘書監846會昌
Year unknown11
OfficeEraPosting
侍御史Era unknownUnknown
刑部郎中Era unknownUnknown
州刺史Era unknown金州
戶部員外郎Era unknownUnknown
戶部郎中Era unknownUnknown
禮部尚書Era unknownUnknown
秘書監Era unknownUnknown
節度從事Era unknownUnknown
給事中Era unknownUnknown
縣主簿Era unknown武功
縣尉Era unknown富平

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
祖父姚崇651–721
父姚閛–808
岳父盧肇–
妻子盧綺792–850
子姚潛821–865
女婿李頻–876
女婿郭圖–862

AliasesCBDB

  • 大凝 字
  • 懿 諡號

StatusCBDB

  • 詩人
  • 文人

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
賈島友–
韓愈贈詩、文–
蘇澄隱贈詩、文–
張籍贈詩、文–
李德裕贈詩、文–
楊汝士贈詩、文–
楊虞卿贈詩、文–
崔玄亮贈詩、文–
白居易贈詩、文–
崔鄲贈詩、文–
令狐楚贈詩、文–
鄭澣贈詩、文–
羅隱贈詩、文–
馮吉贈詩、文–
王龜贈詩、文–
王建贈詩、文–
元宗簡贈詩、文–
朱可久贈詩、文–
李紳贈詩、文–
李逢吉贈詩、文–
李頻贈詩、文–
李虞仲贈詩、文–
李廓贈詩、文–
李群玉贈詩、文–
楊巨源贈詩、文–
楊敬之贈詩、文–
賈島贈詩、文–
錢可復贈詩、文–
殷堯藩贈詩、文–
高元裕贈詩、文–
唐扶贈詩、文–
韓湘贈詩、文–
雍陶贈詩、文–
裴度贈詩、文–
青贈詩、文–
李景讓贈詩、文–
李昂贈詩、文–
崔瑨贈詩、文–
裴潾贈詩、文–
李餘贈詩、文–
嚴休復贈詩、文–
田羣贈詩、文–
張蒙贈詩、文–
薛膺贈詩、文–
源寂贈詩、文–
林蘊贈詩、文–
釋文著贈詩、文–
郭承嘏贈詩、文–
郭冏贈詩、文–
王玄伯贈詩、文–
王澹贈詩、文–
王求贈詩、文–
王嗣之贈詩、文–
釋靈一贈詩、文–
釋元緒贈詩、文–
釋雲端贈詩、文–
賈謩贈詩、文–
釋不疑贈詩、文–
張齊物贈詩、文–
張可績贈詩、文–
張雲峯贈詩、文–
張雲舉贈詩、文–
張徯贈詩、文–
張宗原贈詩、文–
張質贈詩、文–
裴袞贈詩、文–
裴璋贈詩、文–
裴弘泰贈詩、文–
裴結贈詩、文–
裴素贈詩、文–
孫路贈詩、文–
盧汀贈詩、文–
盧拱贈詩、文–
釋貞實贈詩、文–
任疇贈詩、文–
崔弘禮贈詩、文–
崔約贈詩、文–
崔之仁贈詩、文–
崔嘏贈詩、文–
崔戎贈詩、文–
皇甫甸贈詩、文–
程光範贈詩、文–
釋紹明贈詩、文–
竇知言贈詩、文–
宋愼言贈詩、文–
顧非熊贈詩、文–
潘傳贈詩、文–
李氏(李旦女)贈詩、文–
釋法通贈詩、文–
釋清敬贈詩、文–
釋次融贈詩、文–
李方玄贈詩、文–
李褎贈詩、文–
李傳贈詩、文–
李植贈詩、文–
李景先贈詩、文–
韋瑤贈詩、文–
韋僅贈詩、文–
周敬復贈詩、文–
鍾渾贈詩、文–

Showing the first 100 of 145 records; the interactive page loads the full list.

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
二妙集
姚合詩集
姚少監詩集
極玄集
詩例

Citations

  1. [1] Identity and disputed dates Yao He was a Tang poet and man of letters; the sources give several different date ranges, including 775–after 854, 775?–855?, circa 782–846?, and 781–846.
    • CBDBYao He (94160)These values provide Yao He’s name, Tang identity, poet and literatus status, and the 781–846 date range.
    • Souyun姚合 (14610)The biographical entries identify him as a Tang figure and give the alternative ranges 775–after 854, 775?–855?, and approximately 782–846?.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database姚合 (A007619)The authority entry identifies Yao He as a poet of the Tang period.
    • WikidataYao He (Q8049031)The person item supplies the English name, the description Chinese poet, and date values corresponding to 775, 781, and 854.
  2. [2] Names and origin Yao He’s courtesy name was Daning, his posthumous name was Yi, and he was known as Yao Wugong and later Yao Shaojian; his place of origin is given in several forms, including Xiashi in Shanzhou, Wuxing Wukang, and Huzhou.
    • CBDBYao He (94160)The name values identify Daning as the courtesy name and Yi as the posthumous name, while the address value gives Huzhou as the basic place of origin.
    • Souyun姚合 (14610)The biographical entries give the names Yao Wugong and Yao Shaojian and set out the Shanzhou Xiashi and Wuxing Wukang origin traditions.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database姚合 (A007619)The birthplace value is Xiashi.
    • WikidataYao He (Q8049031)The name values include the Chinese aliases Daning and Yi.
  3. [3] Family and burial Yao Chong is identified as an ancestor, with great-grandson and great-grandnephew traditions; the father’s name appears in two forms and he had been magistrate of Linhe. The family relationships, death place, and burial place are also supplied.
    • CBDBYao He (94160)The kinship values list Yao Chong, the father, Lu Zhao, Lu Qi, Yao Qian, Li Pin, and Guo Tu with their relationships; the address value identifies Henan as the burial place and the death-place entry is Wannian.
    • Souyun姚合 (14610)The biographical entries give the two Yao Chong genealogies and identify the father as a former magistrate of Linhe in Xiangzhou.
  4. [4] Early career Yao He passed the jinshi examination in 816, held early editorial and county offices, and in 826 became an Investigating Censor before serving at court and as prefect of Jinzhou.
    • CBDBYao He (94160)The examination and office values list the jinshi degree, Wugong and Fuping posts, the 826 Eastern-Capital censorial assignment, court offices, and the Jinzhou prefecture.
    • Souyun姚合 (14610)The biographical entries narrate the 816 examination, xiaoshu lang appointment, Tian Hongzheng’s staff, Wugong, Wannian, Fuping, and the 826-to-Jinzhou sequence.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database姚合 (A007619)The authority note confirms the 816 jinshi degree and Wugong appointment, followed by the Baoli censorial and Jinzhou offices.
  5. [5] Later offices and land dispute Yao He held middle and late Tang offices, handled a land dispute involving the Superintendent of Oxen and Sheep, served in the Shan-Guo circuit, and ended his career in the Secretary Supervisor offices with the posthumous name Yi.
    • CBDBYao He (94160)The office values list the middle offices, the 834 Hangzhou appointment, the 839 circuit commission, the 844 and 846 Secretary Supervisor posts, and the posthumous name Yi.
    • Souyun姚合 (14610)The biographical entries narrate the Hangzhou office, the Oxen-and-Sheep land dispute, the Shan-Guo commission, the Secretary Supervisor offices, and the posthumous name.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database姚合 (A007619)The authority note confirms the 839 Shan-Guo commission and the senior Secretary Supervisor office.
  6. [6] Poetic style and subject matter Yao He chiefly wrote five-character regulated verse, developed the Wugong style, and used small scenes and ordinary objects to convey a free and unrestrained sensibility.
    • CBDBYao He (94160)The status value identifies Yao He as a poet.
    • Souyun姚合 (14610)The literary entries describe his five-character regulated verse, its polished and robust qualities, the thirty poems of Written in Wugong County, the Wugong style, and the associated subject matter and emotional effect.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database姚合 (A007619)The authority note identifies him as a Tang poet and preserves the seven-juan poetic corpus.
  7. [7] Yao-Jia tradition and reception Yao He’s poetry was associated with Jia Dao and the late-Tang painstaking style; his friendships, literary influence, later admiration, and mixed critical reception are all represented in the biographical and association entries.
    • CBDBYao He (94160)The association values identify Jia Dao as Yao He’s friend.
    • Souyun姚合 (14610)The literary and biographical entries cover the Yao-Jia name, the late-Tang painstaking school, Yao He’s social and teaching relationships, the model-of-literature reputation, Southern Song admiration, Jianghu influence, and both favorable and unfavorable criticism.
  8. [8] Works Yao He compiled the two-juan Jixuan ji and had ten-juan and one-juan poetic works, later rearranged into a ten-juan Yao Shaojian collection; seven juan of his poetry are preserved in the Quan Tang shi.
    • CBDBYao He (94160)The text values list Yao He shiji, Yao Shaojian shiji, Jixuan ji, and Shili.
    • Souyun姚合 (14610)The literary entries give the Jixuan ji selection and size, the poetic collection and Shili volumes, the Song rearrangement into Yao Shaojian ji, and the seven-juan Quan Tang shi corpus.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database姚合 (A007619)The authority note confirms that the Quan Tang shi preserves seven juan of Yao He’s poetry.