Pan Lianggui

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公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life and career

In 1115, the fifth year of the Zhenghe era, he graduated from the Upper Hall and entered office as a Doctor at the Biyong; he later served as Palace Library Secretary and Director of the Office of State Ceremonial, and held the Huainan Eastern Circuit intendantship in 1123–1125. 蔡京 sought his friendship, but was refused. In the first year of Jingkang (1126), summoned for an audience, he argued that 何㮚 (also written 何𣓨) and 唐恪 were unfit for office and was demoted to supervise the Rukou riverbank station in Xinzhou. He served as a Director in the Ministry of Works from 1127 to 1129.[2]

After Emperor Gaozong’s accession in 1127, he was summoned as Left Remonstrance Adviser, with Right Remonstrance Adviser as an alternative form. He called for the execution of those who had followed rebel orders and advocated building up the army for recovery; after offending the chief ministers and incurring the hostility of 汪 and 黃, he was demoted three days after submitting his memorial and left office to serve at a Daoist temple.[3]

In 1132 he was appointed Left Assistant in the Department of State Affairs; one sequence says that a disagreement with a chief minister led to his appointment as prefect of Yan and, soon afterward, to a return to temple service. The sequence is also given as service first as judicial commissioner of the Hunan Circuit, then as Director of Merit Evaluations and in the Left Department, followed by an appointment as prefect of Yan under the title Direct Reader of the Longtu Pavilion, transfer to Palace Library Vice Supervisor, promotion to Palace Attendant, and appointment as Drafter in the Secretariat. The prefecture in this appointment is also given as Mu Prefecture.[4]

In 1135 he became Acting Drafter in the Secretariat; after rebuking a court speaker and offending the throne, he requested removal and was appointed, as a Reader of the Jiying Palace, to supervise the Jiangzhou Taiping Abbey.[5]

In 1138 he again entered temple service; in 1139 he became prefect of Ming Prefecture and, after a year, was appointed Palace Attendant of the Huiyou Pavilion and supervisor of the Mingdao Palace in Bozhou. The offices of Circuit Pacification Commissioner for the Eastern Zhejiang Circuit, Reader of the Jiying Palace, and prefect of Ming Prefecture are dated to 1139–1140.[6] His career included repeated periods of temple service; in later life he returned home and did not take office for ten years. In 1150, he was demoted by three grades for corresponding with 李光 and died at the age of fifty-seven.[7]

Family and associations

His father was 潘祖仁 (1046–1136), and his father-in-law was 傅墨卿. He had an elder brother, 潘良佐, and three younger brothers, 潘良瑗, 潘良翰, and 潘良能; his nephew was 潘畤 (1126–1189), and his great-grandson was 潘世演.[8]

He was a friend of 陳楫, a disciple of 權邦彥, and was recommended by 沈與求. When the Vice Minister of Revenue 向子諲 came to see him, Pan rebuked him loudly and sent him away for his offensive speech.[9]

Works and literary activity

He wrote the fifteen-volume 《默成居士集》, now lost; in the early Kangxi era, a descendant compiled the eight-volume 《默成文集》. His poems were edited using a facsimile Wen yuan ge edition of 《四庫全書》 as the base text, collated against poems quoted in 《敬鄉錄》, and combined with newly collected poems outside the collection into a single volume.[10]

朱熹 wrote the preface to 《默成文集》 and held Pan Lianggui in high esteem; Pan Lianggui also wrote a preface for a book by his nephew 潘畤.[11]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 1123 提舉
  2. 1127 尚書省工部工部司郎中
  3. 1132 左朝散郎
  4. 1132 直龍圖閣
  5. 1132 知某州軍州事
  6. 1139 安撫使
  7. 1139 知某州軍州事
  8. 1139 集英殿修撰

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
提舉11231125Era unknown淮南東路
尚書省工部工部司郎中11271129Era unknown宋朝
左朝散郎1132Era unknown
直龍圖閣1132Era unknown
知某州軍州事11321132Era unknown睦州
安撫使11391140Era unknown兩浙東路
知某州軍州事11391140Era unknown明州
集英殿修撰1139Era unknown
Year unknown12
OfficeEraPosting
上騎都尉Era unknownUnknown
中書舍人Era unknownUnknown
公Era unknownUnknown
博士Era unknownUnknown
少卿Era unknownUnknown
尚書省左司員外郎Era unknownUnknown
尚書省戶部侍郎Era unknownUnknown
徽猷閣待制Era unknownUnknown
提舉亳州明道宮Era unknown亳州
殿中省尚輦奉御Era unknownUnknown
考功司郎官Era unknownUnknown
駙馬都尉Era unknownUnknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
父潘祖仁1046–1136
岳父傅墨卿–
兄潘良佐–
弟潘良瑗–
弟潘良翰–
弟潘良能–
從子;姪子潘畤1126–1189
曾孫; 重孫潘世演–

AliasesCBDB

  • 子賤 字
  • 潘京 别名、曾用名
  • 義榮 字
  • 默成居士 室名、別號

StatusCBDB

  • [財政官員]

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
陳楫友1150–
沈與求被沈與求推薦1150–
向子諲反對/攻訐–
權邦彥為權邦彥之門人1150–
潘畤為潘畤所著書作序–
朱熹書序由朱熹所作1150–
王柏書序由王柏所作–
陳楫為陳楫作墓誌銘1150–
宋濂書跋由宋濂所作–
王柏書跋由王柏所作–
王柏書跋由王柏所作–
王柏書跋由王柏所作–
金履祥書跋由金履祥所作–
包恢書跋由包恢所作–
吳師道書跋由吳師道所作–
吳師道書跋由吳師道所作–
吳師道書跋由吳師道所作–
柳貫書跋由柳貫所作–
潘好古為潘好古作字說、名述–
秦檜拒絕在秦檜主政的政府中任職–
蔣璿相唱和–
李綱為李綱作祭文1150–
王柏硯銘由王柏所作–
王師愈教授王師愈–
釋行標為釋行標作佛寺記–
蔡京拒為蔡京掾屬–
李綱被致書由李綱–
李光被致書由李光–
鄭剛中被致書由鄭剛中–
鄭剛中被致書由鄭剛中–
范浚被致書由范浚–
鄭剛中收到鄭剛中的答書–
方勺贈詩、文–
王柏建築物得到王柏的題詠、記、命名–
吳師道建築物得到吳師道的題詠、記、命名–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)
學校: 上舍及第

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
默成文集
磨鏡帖
默成居士集撰著者

Citations

  1. [1] Name, dates, and identity Pan Lianggui lived from 1094 to 1150 and was a Song-dynasty official and poet; his former name, courtesy names, sobriquet, and Jinhua origin are also supplied.
    • CBDBPan Lianggui (1388)CBDB gives Pan Lianggui’s name, dates, Song affiliation, romanized aliases and Jinhua registration, and lists his service as a Secretariat Drafter.
    • Souyun潘良貴 (28569)The biographical entries provide his dates, Song identity, names, Jinhua origin, official career, and poetic work.
    • WikidataPan Lianggui (Q45358382)The entity record supplies the English name, English aliases, birth and death time values, and a Song-dynasty-person description.
  2. [2] Early career In 1115 Pan Lianggui entered office through the Upper Hall, held early academic and administrative posts, served in the Huainan Eastern Circuit in 1123–1125, rejected 蔡京, was demoted after the Jingkang audience, and served in the Ministry of Works in 1127–1129.
    • CBDBPan Lianggui (1388)CBDB lists the Upper Hall success, the Huainan Eastern Circuit appointment dated 1123–1125, and the Ministry of Works appointment dated 1127–1129.
    • Souyun潘良貴 (28569)The biographical entries describe his 1115 entry through the Upper Hall, early offices, refusal of 蔡京, the Jingkang audience, and later appointments, including the variant forms of 何㮚’s name.
  3. [3] Remonstrance office After Gaozong’s accession, Pan Lianggui became Left Remonstrance Adviser, with a Left/Right title variant, urged punishment of traitors and military recovery, and was demoted and sent to temple service after offending the ministers.
    • Souyun潘良貴 (28569)The entries describe his appointment after Gaozong’s accession, the Left/Right Remonstrance title variant, his calls for punishment and recovery, and his demotion or departure to temple service.
  4. [4] Shaoxing career sequence The Shaoxing career included the Left Assistant post, judicial and merit-evaluation offices, service in the Left Department, the Longtu Pavilion title, prefecture service, Palace Library and Secretariat posts, with Yan and Mu as variant prefecture names.
    • CBDBPan Lianggui (1388)CBDB lists a 1132 prefectural office associated with Mu Prefecture, as well as Direct Reader of the Longtu Pavilion, Left Assistant, Merit Evaluations, and Secretariat offices.
    • Souyun潘良貴 (28569)The biographical entries give the Yan Prefecture appointment and differing sequences involving the Hunan judicial commission, Merit Evaluations, the Left Department, Longtu Pavilion, Palace Library, Palace Attendant, and Secretariat posts.
  5. [5] Shaoxing fifth year In 1135 Pan Lianggui became Acting Drafter in the Secretariat, offended the throne by rebuking a court speaker, and left for supervision of the Jiangzhou Taiping Abbey.
    • Souyun潘良貴 (28569)The biographical entries describe his appointment as Acting Drafter in 1135, the court rebuke, his request to leave, and supervision of the Jiangzhou Taiping Abbey.
  6. [6] Later offices He again entered temple service in 1138, became prefect of Ming in 1139, received the Huiyou Pavilion and Bozhou Mingdao Palace posts, and held the Eastern Zhejiang pacification, Jiying Palace, and Ming prefectural offices in 1139–1140.
    • CBDBPan Lianggui (1388)CBDB lists the Eastern Zhejiang pacification office, Ming Prefecture, and Jiying Palace appointments in 1139–1140, along with the Huiyou Pavilion and Bozhou Mingdao Palace titles.
    • Souyun潘良貴 (28569)The biographical entries describe the 1138 temple service, 1139 Ming Prefecture appointment, and subsequent Huiyou Pavilion and Bozhou Mingdao Palace appointments.
  7. [7] Retirement and death Repeated temple service was followed by a return home and ten years without office; in 1150 he was demoted three grades for corresponding with 李光 and died at fifty-seven.
    • Souyun潘良貴 (28569)The entries describe repeated temple service, his return home and ten years away from office, the three-grade demotion for corresponding with 李光, and his death at fifty-seven.
    • CBDBPan Lianggui (1388)CBDB confirms the 1094 birth year and 1150 death year.
    • WikidataPan Lianggui (Q45358382)The entity record gives time values for birth in 1094 and death in 1150.
  8. [8] Family Pan Lianggui’s father was 潘祖仁, his father-in-law was 傅墨卿, his siblings were 潘良佐, 潘良瑗, 潘良翰, and 潘良能, and his later family included 潘畤 and 潘世演.
    • CBDBPan Lianggui (1388)CBDB lists the father, father-in-law, siblings, nephew, and great-grandson, including dates for 潘祖仁 and 潘畤.
    • WikidataPan Lianggui (Q45358382)The entity record also contains a father relationship pointing to Pan Lianggui’s father.
  9. [9] Associations and rebuke Pan Lianggui was friends with 陳楫, a disciple of 權邦彥, and recommended by 沈與求; he also rebuked and dismissed 向子諲 for offensive speech.
    • CBDBPan Lianggui (1388)CBDB lists the friendship with 陳楫, the recommendation by 沈與求, the discipleship relation to 權邦彥, and the rebuke and dismissal of 向子諲.
  10. [10] Works and poetry The fifteen-volume 《默成居士集》 was lost and a descendant later compiled the eight-volume 《默成文集》; his poems were edited from the Wen yuan ge 《四庫全書》 base, collated with 《敬鄉錄》 quotations, and combined with poems outside the collection.
    • CBDBPan Lianggui (1388)CBDB lists 《默成文集》 and 《默成居士集》 under Pan Lianggui’s textual associations.
    • Souyun潘良貴 (28569)The biographical entries give the collections’ volume counts, loss and later compilation, and the editorial basis and arrangement of his poems.
  11. [11] Preface and esteem 朱熹 wrote the preface to 《默成文集》 and held Pan Lianggui in high esteem; Pan Lianggui wrote a preface for a book by his nephew 潘畤.
    • Souyun潘良貴 (28569)The biographical entry states that 朱熹 wrote the preface to 《默成文集》 and highly esteemed Pan Lianggui.
    • CBDBPan Lianggui (1388)CBDB identifies Pan Lianggui as the author of a preface to a book by 潘畤 and identifies 潘畤 as his nephew.