Wu Dake

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

He was a grandnephew of Wu Yan (吳儼);[4] his father was 吳駰, his mother was 屠氏, his grandfather was 吳儉, and his great-grandfather was 吳經.[5] His brothers included 吳夢熊, 吳士遇, 吳達禮, and 吳達聰, and his younger brothers included 吳達德, 吳達義, 吳達善, 吳達觀, and 吳達能;[6] his wife was 李氏 and his son was 吳正志.[7]

In 1573, he passed the Yingtian prefectural provincial examination in 115th place; in 1577, he ranked 129th in the metropolitan examination and received the jinshi degree in the third class, fifty-third place.[8] He was appointed magistrate of Kuaiji and later served as magistrate of Shanggao and Fengcheng, earning a reputation for capable administration; he was also described as a good and exemplary official. He was subsequently selected for office as a censor.[9]

In 1586, he was selected as an Investigating Censor of the Huguang Circuit. He petitioned for the establishment of the jingyan lectures and greater diligence in study, and for the Wanli emperor to confer in person with grand councillors and censorate officials; the emperor replied that he knew. He also impeached Grand Secretary Zhao Zhihao as incompetent through age and illness and called for his dismissal, but the request was not granted.[10] In the first month of the twenty-eighth year of Wanli, he urged the enthronement of the heir apparent as crown prince, the ceremonies of capping and marriage, the selection of grand secretaries and appointment of remonstrance officials, and the withdrawal of eunuch commissioners overseeing the mining and salt taxes; no reply was given.[11]

He was later transferred to the Henan Circuit and sent to inspect the Changlu salt administration.[12] When a poor harvest caused famine, he presented the Fourteen Pictures of Starving People and vigorously petitioned for relief loans;[13] when Ma Tang and Zhang Rihua proposed raising the salt tax, he argued against the proposal and it was abandoned.[14]

In 1602, he was transferred to serve as an Investigating Censor on circuit in Jiangxi.[15] The tax commissioner Pan Xiang beat Zhu Moupei, a Fuguo jiangjun, detained the imperial clansman Zong Da, accused the two of seizing tax revenues, and alleged that Li Hong, magistrate of Shangrao, had secretly instigated them; Wu Dake memorialized that the imperial clansmen should not have been punished and that Li Hong was innocent, and asked that Pan Xiang be punished and Li Hong restored to office, but his requests were not accepted.[16] Pan Xiang also proposed developing Tongtang Mountain in Guangxin, felling large timber, and mining gypsum at 斌姥 Mountain in Taihe; Wu Dake again opposed the schemes, which were abandoned.[17]

After returning to court, he took charge of the Henan Circuit and assisted Wen Chun with the metropolitan review of officials. He then proposed a program of new government measures and sharply remonstrated with Grand Secretary Shen Yiguan; the memorial was held in the palace.[18] In the thirty-third year of Wanli he was promoted to Junior Vice Minister of the Court of Imperial Studs, in the thirty-sixth year he became the Nanjing Vice Minister of the Court of Imperial Studs, in the thirty-eighth year he became the Nanjing Minister of the Court of State Ceremonies, and in the fortieth year he was promoted to Commissioner of Transmissions.[19] During his tenure as Commissioner of Transmissions, he impeached Shi Jin, a zhenfu official who, after being dismissed for an offense, submitted memorials slandering court officials; he also proposed correcting the format of memorials and rejecting wicked men, and the Wanli emperor approved these proposals.[20]

In the sixth month of the forty-first year of Wanli, he requested retirement and later died at home at the age of eighty-one. In the second year of Tianqi, he was posthumously granted the title Right Vice Censor-in-chief.[21]

Writings and associations

His works included 《奏疏遺稿》 and 《三忠文選》.[22] 曹于汴 wrote a preface to one of his books, 葉向高 wrote his epitaph, and Wu Dake compiled a chronicle of 周怡.[23] He exchanged letters with 馮夢禎, 鄒元標, 高攀龍, 顧憲成, 葉向高, and 趙南星, among others, and received poems and prose presented by 顧憲成.[24]

Office recordsCBDB

Year unknown10
OfficeEraPosting
光祿寺卿萬曆南京
右副都御史Era unknownUnknown
太僕寺卿萬曆南京
太僕寺少卿萬曆Unknown
御史Era unknownUnknown
知縣萬曆會稽
知縣萬曆上高
知縣萬曆豐城
巡鹽御史Era unknown天津兵備道
通政使Era unknownUnknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
曾祖吳經–
祖父吳儉–
父吳駰–
母屠氏(吳達可母)–
兄吳夢熊1543–
兄吳士遇–
兄吳達禮–
兄吳達聰–
弟吳達德–
弟吳達義–
弟吳達善–
弟吳達觀–
弟吳達能–
妻子李氏(吳達可妻)–
子吳正志–

AliasesCBDB

  • 三 行第
  • 叔行 字
  • 吳安老 别名、曾用名
  • 安節 室名、別號

StatusCBDB

  • 良吏;循吏

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
曹于汴書序由曹于汴所作–
葉向高墓誌銘由葉向高所作–
周怡為周怡作年譜–
馮夢禎被致書由馮夢禎–
鄒元標被致書由鄒元標–
鄒元標被致書由鄒元標–
鄒元標被致書由鄒元標–
鄒元標被致書由鄒元標–
鄒元標被致書由鄒元標–
丁賓被致書由丁賓–
王畿被致書由王畿–
夏樹芳被致書由夏樹芳–
敖文禎被致書由敖文禎–
趙南星被致書由趙南星–
蔣孟育被致書由蔣孟育–
馮夢禎收到馮夢禎的答書–
高攀龍收到高攀龍的答書–
高攀龍收到高攀龍的答書–
高攀龍收到高攀龍的答書–
顧憲成收到顧憲成的答書–
鄒元標收到鄒元標的答書–
王家屏收到王家屏的答書–
敖文禎收到敖文禎的答書–
敖文禎收到敖文禎的答書–
葉向高收到葉向高的答書–
趙用賢收到趙用賢的答書–
趙南星收到趙南星的答書–
黃汝亨收到黃汝亨的啓–
黃汝亨收到黃汝亨的啓–
顧憲成收到顧憲成的贈詩、文–
顧憲成收到顧憲成的贈詩、文–
楊爵為楊爵之建築物題詠、記、命名–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)
科舉: 進士(籠統)
科舉: 進士(籠統)第三甲第五十三名
科舉: 鄉貢舉人
學校: 生員(庠生)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
斛山楊先生遺稿:五卷
鄧定宇先生文集:六卷

Citations

  1. [1] Dates and official identity Wu Dake lived from 1541 to 1621, was a Ming official, and rose to Commissioner of Transmissions.
    • CBDBWu Dake (128245)These values give Wu Dake's name, dates, Ming identity, and office of Commissioner of Transmissions.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The profile and biography give his name, dates, Ming identity, and highest office as Commissioner of Transmissions.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database吳達可 (A043544)The biographical data identify him as a Ming man born in 1541 and deceased in 1621, and describe his rise to Commissioner of Transmissions.
    • WikidataWu Dake (Q20688211)The English label, Ming-dynasty description, and date values corroborate his identity and lifespan.
  2. [2] Courtesy name and sobriquet His courtesy name is given as Shuxing and also as Anjie, while Anjie is additionally treated as his sobriquet.
    • CBDBWu Dake (128245)The name entries classify Shuxing as a courtesy name and Anjie as a studio name or sobriquet.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The biographies give the differing forms Anjie and Shuxing and identify Anjie as a sobriquet in one account.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database吳達可 (A043544)The alternate-name entries include Wu Shuxing and Anjie.
    • WikidataWu Dake (Q20688211)The alternate names and name claims include Shuxing and Anjie.
  3. [3] Place of origin Wu Dake was a native of Yixing in present-day Jiangsu.
    • CBDBWu Dake (128245)Both the basic and household addresses are Yixing.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The profile specifies Yixing in Changzhou Prefecture and identifies it as present-day Jiangsu; the biographies also call him a native of Yixing.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database吳達可 (A043544)The birthplace value is Yixing.
  4. [4] Family connection Wu Dake was a grandnephew of Wu Yan.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The biography calls him a grandnephew of 吳儼.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database吳達可 (A043544)The biographical note gives the corresponding collateral-grandnephew relationship.
  5. [5] Parents and ancestors His father was 吳駰, his mother 屠氏, his grandfather 吳儉, and his great-grandfather 吳經.
    • CBDBWu Dake (128245)The family entries list 吳經 as great-grandfather, 吳儉 as grandfather, 吳駰 as father, and 屠氏 as mother.
  6. [6] Elder brothers His four elder brothers were 吳夢熊, 吳士遇, 吳達禮, and 吳達聰.
    • CBDBWu Dake (128245)The family entries list the four elder brothers and five younger brothers named in the article.
  7. [7] Wife and son His wife was 李氏 and his son was 吳正志.
    • CBDBWu Dake (128245)The family entries identify Li as his wife and 吳正志 as his son.
  8. [8] Examinations In 1573 he ranked 115th in the Yingtian provincial examination; in 1577 he ranked 129th in the metropolitan examination and placed fifty-third in the third class for the jinshi degree.
    • CBDBWu Dake (128245)The examination entries include the jinshi degree, third-class fifty-third place, and the number 115 with the provincial-degree entry.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The biography specifies the 1573 Yingtian rank of 115, the 1577 metropolitan rank of 129, and third-class fifty-third-place jinshi result.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database吳達可 (A043544)The biographical note confirms the Wanli fifth-year jinshi degree.
  9. [9] Early offices and reputation He served as magistrate of Kuaiji, Shanggao, and Fengcheng, gained a reputation for capable administration, was called a good and exemplary official, and was later selected as a censor.
    • CBDBWu Dake (128245)The office entries list the three county magistracies and censor, while the status entry describes him as a good and exemplary official.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The biographies jointly describe service in the three counties, his administrative reputation, and selection as a censor.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database吳達可 (A043544)The biographical note confirms his service in the three counties, his reputation, and selection as a censor.
  10. [10] Huguang censorate In 1586 he became an Investigating Censor of the Huguang Circuit, petitioned on the jingyan lectures, study, and direct discussion of government, and unsuccessfully sought Zhao Zhihao's dismissal.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The biography details his 1586 Huguang censorate, the petitions concerning jingyan and government discussion, and the unsuccessful impeachment of Zhao Zhihao.
  11. [11] Heir-apparent and court reforms In the first month of Wanli twenty-eight, he proposed the heir-apparent ceremonies, appointments, and withdrawal of mining-and-salt-tax eunuch commissioners, but received no reply.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The biography lists the proposals made in the first month of Wanli twenty-eight and states that no answer was given.
  12. [12] Changlu salt administration After moving to the Henan Circuit, he was sent to inspect the Changlu salt administration.
    • CBDBWu Dake (128245)The office and biographical-summary values identify his salt-censor assignment and inspection of Changlu salt administration.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The biographies describe his transfer to the Henan Circuit and inspection of salt administration at Changlu.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database吳達可 (A043544)The biographical note confirms his inspection of Changlu salt administration.
  13. [13] Famine relief During a poor harvest at Changlu, he presented the Fourteen Pictures of Starving People and petitioned vigorously for relief loans.
    • CBDBWu Dake (128245)The biographical summary describes the famine, the presentation of fourteen pictures of starving people, and the request for relief loans.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The biographies jointly confirm the poor harvest, the pictures, the memorial, and the appeal for relief.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database吳達可 (A043544)The biographical note describes the pictures and his vigorous request for relief loans.
  14. [14] Salt-tax dispute When Ma Tang and Zhang Rihua proposed an increased salt tax, Wu Dake argued against it and the proposal was abandoned.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The biography gives the proposal by Ma Tang and Zhang Rihua and its abandonment after Wu Dake's opposition.
  15. [15] Jiangxi circuit In 1602 he became an Investigating Censor on circuit in Jiangxi.
    • CBDBWu Dake (128245)The biographical summary states that he was sent to Jiangxi on circuit.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The biography explicitly dates his transfer to the Jiangxi circuit to 1602.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database吳達可 (A043544)The biographical note confirms his transfer to circuit service in Jiangxi.
  16. [16] Pan Xiang case The biography reports Pan Xiang's violence and accusations and Wu Dake's unsuccessful defense of the imperial clansmen and Li Hong.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The biography gives the case involving Pan Xiang, Zhu Moupei, Zong Da, and Li Hong, together with Wu Dake's memorial and its outcome.
  17. [17] Opposition to exploitation projects Wu Dake opposed Pan Xiang's proposals for mountain development, timber extraction, and gypsum mining, and the proposals were abandoned.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The biography lists Pan Xiang's extraction proposals, Wu Dake's opposition, and the final abandonment of the schemes.
  18. [18] Return to court and remonstrance After returning to court, Wu Dake supervised the Henan Circuit, assisted Wen Chun's metropolitan review, proposed new government measures, and remonstrated with Shen Yiguan; the memorial was held in the palace.
    • CBDBWu Dake (128245)The biographical summary describes his return to court, work with Wen Chun on the official review, remonstrance with Shen Yiguan, and later promotion.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The biographies describe his Henan responsibilities, assistance in the review, new-government proposals, remonstrance, and the memorial being retained.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database吳達可 (A043544)The biographical note confirms his new-government proposals and remonstrance against Shen Yiguan.
  19. [19] Later promotions Between Wanli thirty-three and forty, Wu Dake successively held four senior offices, ending as Commissioner of Transmissions.
    • CBDBWu Dake (128245)The office entries list the Wanli thirty-third, thirty-sixth, and thirty-eighth appointments and the later office of Commissioner of Transmissions.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The biography gives the sequence of appointments in Wanli years thirty-three, thirty-six, thirty-eight, and forty, including the month for the latter changes.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database吳達可 (A043544)The biographical note summarizes his successive promotion to Commissioner of Transmissions.
  20. [20] Memorials as Commissioner of Transmissions As Commissioner of Transmissions, Wu Dake impeached Shi Jin and proposed changes to memorial form and the exclusion of wicked men, which the Wanli emperor approved.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The biography details Shi Jin's dismissal and slanderous memorials, Wu Dake's impeachment, and his later proposals that received approval.
  21. [21] Retirement and posthumous title Wu Dake requested retirement in Wanli forty-one, died at home at eighty-one, and received the posthumous title Right Vice Censor-in-chief in Tianqi two.
    • CBDBWu Dake (128245)The dates and career values confirm his death, retirement, and the title Right Vice Censor-in-chief.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)The biographies state that he requested retirement in the sixth month of Wanli forty-one, died at home aged eighty-one, and received the posthumous title in Tianqi two.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database吳達可 (A043544)The biographical data confirm his death in 1621, retirement, and age of eighty-one.
    • WikidataWu Dake (Q20688211)The date value corroborates his death in 1621.
  22. [22] Works Wu Dake's works included 《奏疏遺稿》 and 《三忠文選》.
    • Souyun吳達可 (43952)Both biographical summaries list 《奏疏遺稿》 and 《三忠文選》 among his works.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database吳達可 (A043544)The biographical note also lists the two works.
  23. [23] Preface, epitaph, and chronicle 曹于汴 wrote a preface to one of Wu Dake's books, 葉向高 wrote his epitaph, and Wu Dake compiled a chronicle of 周怡.
    • CBDBWu Dake (128245)The association entries separately identify Cao Yubian's preface, Ye Xianggao's epitaph, and Wu Dake's chronicle of Zhou Yi.
  24. [24] Correspondence and exchanged writings Wu Dake corresponded with Feng Mengzhen, Zou Yuanbiao, Gao Panlong, Gu Xiancheng, Ye Xianggao, and Zhao Nanxing, and received poems and prose from Gu Xiancheng.
    • CBDBWu Dake (128245)The association entries record letters or replies involving Feng Mengzhen, Zou Yuanbiao, Gao Panlong, Gu Xiancheng, Ye Xianggao, and Zhao Nanxing, as well as poems and prose presented by Gu Xiancheng.