Wang Zao

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life and career

In 1103, the second year of Chongning, he passed the jinshi examination. He was first appointed guancha tuiguan in Wuzhou and then professor at the Xuanzhou prefectural school; he later served in the Jiangxi educational administration, joined the editorial office for the *Jiuyu tuzhi*, and was promoted to zhuzuo zuolang.[3] At the Imperial University he shared quarters with Wang Fu, with whom he was on poor terms. Once Wang Fu entered the central government, Wang Zao was sent out as assistant prefect of Xuanzhou, dismissed, and transferred to the supervisory post at Jiangzhou Taiping Abbey; he did not advance for the rest of Wang Fu’s tenure.[4]

On Qinzong’s accession, he was recalled as tuntian yuanwailang and promoted to Taichang shaoqing and qiju sheren. After Gaozong came to the throne, he was appointed zhongshu sheren, then promoted to jishizhong and vice minister of war; he concurrently served as lecturer and zhixue shiyuan, became a Hanlin Academician, and rose to chaoyi dafu.[5] In 1131 he concurrently served as lecturer and became a Hanlin Academician. He then governed Huzhou, was suspended over an incident, was recalled to govern Fuzhou, dismissed after little more than a year, and allowed to join the work of revising the daily calendar.[6]

In the eighth year of Shaoxing, he submitted the 665-volume calendar he had compiled and was appointed Xianmo ge xueshi while governing Huizhou; in the twelfth year he governed Quanzhou and was transferred to Xuanzhou.[7] His prefectural appointments also included Huzhou, Fuzhou, Huizhou, Xuanzhou, Shezhou, and Zhenjiang Prefecture; dated terms place him in Huizhou (1131–34), Fuzhou (1134–35), Shezhou (1139–41), Quanzhou (1141–43), and Zhenjiang (1143).[8]

An accusation that he had been a client of Cai Jing and Wang Fu led to his dismissal and residence in Yongzhou. He died in 1154, the twenty-fourth year of Shaoxing, at age 76; his accumulated rank was zuo dazhong dafu, and he held the title of Xin’an Commandery Kaiguo Hou.[9]

His father was Wang Gu (1026–1105); his father-in-law was Zhao Lin, and Xu Ji (1054–1115) was an affinal relation. Two wives are named, Zhao and Lady Zhuang; his three sons—汪恬, 汪恪, and 汪憺—were listed as the eldest, second, and third.[10]

Scholarship and literary work

He was learned in a wide range of books, skilled in poetry and prose, and especially accomplished in parallel prose (四六). His drafted edicts were widely recited, and four ci lyrics survive. He also discussed how generals holding large armies might create an “external-weight” power structure.[11]

Jiang Wei, a specialist in the Classics, was his teacher; with Cheng Ju, Li Chuquan, and Zhao Shaozhou, Wang Zao was included among the “Seven Tigers of Wenzhong.” His disciple included Chen Mao.[12] He wrote a preface for a work by Sun Di and composed Sun Di’s epitaph.[13]

Works and transmission

His writings include 《靖康要錄》 (16 juan), 《裔夷謀夏錄》 (listed as either 2 or 3 juan), 《青唐錄》 (3 juan), 《古今雅俗字》 (44 sections), and 《哲宗玉牒》.[14]

His literary collections included 《浮溪集》 (60 juan), 《龍溪集》—also written 《龍溪文集》—and 《猥稿外集》; the corpus is listed as totaling 121 juan. 《龍溪集》 was also said possibly to be the same work as 《浮溪集》, and much of the corpus was lost.[15]

During Hongwu, Zhao Zichang compiled 《浮溪文粹》 in 15 juan; the Siku editors of the Qing, using the 《永樂大典》, reconstructed a 32-juan 《浮溪集》. The collected poems use the facsimile Wenyuange 《四庫全書·浮溪集》 as their base text and were collated against the Wuying dian Juzhen edition and 《浮溪遺集》.[16]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 1131 朝散大夫
  2. 1131 知某州軍州事
  3. 1134 知某州軍州事
  4. 1139 知某州軍州事
  5. 1141 知某州軍州事
  6. 1143 知某府軍府事
  7. 1143 顯謨閣直學士

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
朝散大夫1131Era unknown
知某州軍州事11311134Era unknown徽州
知某州軍州事11341135Era unknown撫州
知某州軍州事11391141Era unknown歙州
知某州軍州事11411143Era unknown泉州
知某府軍府事11431143Era unknown鎮江府
顯謨閣直學士1143Era unknown
Year unknown14
OfficeEraPosting
三館Era unknownUnknown
中書舍人Era unknownUnknown
左太中大夫Era unknownUnknown
提舉在外宮觀Era unknownUnknown
知某州軍州事Era unknownUnknown
知某州軍州事Era unknown湖州
知某州軍州事Era unknown宣州
知某州軍州事Era unknownUnknown
知某府軍府事Era unknownUnknown
祠祿官Era unknown永州
翰林學士Era unknownUnknown
著作佐郎Era unknownUnknown
門下省給事中Era unknownUnknown
顯謨閣學士Era unknownUnknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
父汪穀1026–1105
岳父趙霖–
姻親許幾1054–1115
妻子趙氏(汪藻妻)–
妻子莊氏(汪藻妻)–
長子; 第一子汪恬–
次子汪恪–
三子汪憺–

AliasesCBDB

  • 彥章 字
  • 龍溪 室名、別號

StatusCBDB

  • 博學之人
  • 詞人
  • [為官者:文]

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
姜仲謙彈劾–
陳袤門人為陳袤1139–
江緯為江緯之學生–
張根為張根所著書作序1139–
鮑由為鮑由所著書作序1139–
胡瑗為胡瑗所著書作序–
胡瑗為胡瑗所著書作序–
蘇頌為蘇頌所著書作序–
關注為關注所著書作序1139–
關注為關注所著書作序1139–
邢居實為邢居實所著書作序1139–
孫覿書序由孫覿所作–
江緯為江緯之弟子–
孫覿墓誌銘由孫覿所作–
陳兗為陳兗作墓誌銘–
陳彥恭為陳彥恭作墓誌銘–
詹太和為詹太和作墓誌銘–
張植為張植作墓誌銘1139–
張根為張根作墓誌銘1139–
趙億為趙億作墓誌銘–
周之道為周之道作墓誌銘–
莊徽為莊徽作墓誌銘–
徐處仁為徐處仁作墓誌銘1139–
許幾為許幾作墓誌銘–
曾紆為曾紆作墓誌銘–
汪愷為汪愷作墓誌銘–
吳懋為吳懋作墓誌銘–
劉嶠為劉嶠作墓誌銘–
蘇攜為蘇攜作墓誌銘–
譚章為譚章作墓誌銘–
傅楫為傅楫作墓誌銘–
曾纁為曾纁作墓誌銘–
滕康為滕康作墓誌銘–
蔣瑎為蔣瑎作墓誌銘–
趙鈞臣為趙鈞臣作墓誌銘–
趙奇為趙奇作墓誌銘–
莊安常為莊安常作墓誌銘–
衛膚敏為衛膚敏作墓誌銘–
江惇提為江惇提作墓誌銘–
蔣猷為蔣猷作墓誌銘–
王汝平為王汝平作墓誌銘1090–
王汝平為王汝平作墓誌銘–
孫庭臣為孫庭臣作墓誌銘1139–
陶瓬為陶瓬作墓誌銘–
吳點為吳點作墓誌銘–
俞積為俞積作墓誌銘1139–
張應辰為張應辰作墓誌銘1139–
王文麗為王文麗作墓誌銘–
胡霖為胡霖作墓誌銘–
胡霖為胡霖作墓誌銘–
胡咸為胡咸作墓誌銘–
劉滂為劉滂作墓誌銘–
施氏(孫邈繼母)為施氏(孫邈繼母)作墓誌銘–
晁氏(孫鎮妻)為晁氏(孫鎮妻)作墓誌銘–
陳氏(徐處仁妻)為陳氏(徐處仁妻)作墓誌銘–
周氏(張植妻)為周氏(張植妻)作墓誌銘–
袁桷書跋由袁桷所作–
袁桷書跋由袁桷所作–
釋居簡書跋由釋居簡所作–
陳堯佐為陳堯佐所著書作跋–
汪穀為汪穀所著書作跋–
張耒為張耒所著書作跋–
張元幹為張元幹所著書作跋–
龔鼎臣為龔鼎臣所著書作跋1139–
趙億從趙億遊1139–
吳點從吳點遊–
董穎從遊者為董穎1139–
王黼不合–
王黼同學、同門–
胡伸同學、同門–
郭永為郭永作傳–
程瑀為程瑀作祭文–
薛昂為薛昂作祭文1139–
范仲淹為范仲淹作世系碑記–
張根為張根作廟碑記–
孟氏(趙煦妻)為孟氏(趙煦妻)作諡議–
侯延慶同僚–
陳命世教授陳命世1139–
王愈為王愈作齋、堂銘–
劉唐稽為劉唐稽作齋、堂銘–
程振為程振作神道碑–
張根為張根作行狀–
陳氏(汪穀妻)為陳氏(汪穀妻)作行狀–
汪穀為汪穀作行狀–
王氏(賈讜母)為王氏(賈讜母)作畫贊(畫像記)–
釋可宗為釋可宗作畫贊(畫像記)–
釋宗杲致書釋宗杲–
呂頤浩被致書由呂頤浩–
孫覿被致書由孫覿–
孫覿被致書由孫覿–
孫覿被致書由孫覿–
釋宗杲收到釋宗杲的答書–
鄭望之為鄭望之之建築物題詠、記、命名–
董棻為董棻之建築物題詠、記、命名–
汪伯彥為汪伯彥之建築物題詠、記、命名–
洪興祖為洪興祖之建築物題詠、記、命名1139–
王愈為王愈之建築物題詠、記、命名–
汪逮為汪逮之建築物題詠、記、命名–
叔孫元功(字)為叔孫元功(字)之建築物題詠、記、命名–
洪适建築物得到洪适的題詠、記、命名–

Showing the first 100 of 108 records; the interactive page loads the full list.

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
浮溪集:六十卷
靖康要錄:十六卷
裔夷謀夏錄:二卷
青唐錄:三卷
哲宗玉牒撰著者

Citations

  1. [1] Identity and dates Wang Zao lived from 1079 to 1154 and was a Song-dynasty civil official, poet, and ci poet.
    • CBDBWang Zao (11625)The person record gives the name, life dates, Song affiliation, and statuses corresponding to a learned person, ci poet, and literary official.
    • Souyun汪藻 (28543)The biographical profile and literary entries confirm the dates, Song setting, and his work as a poet, prose writer, and ci writer.
    • WikidataZao Wang (Q11137143)The item uses “Zao Wang” as its English label, describes him as a Song-dynasty person, and gives the same birth and death years.
  2. [2] Courtesy name, sobriquet, and origin His courtesy name was Yanzhang, Longxi was a studio name or sobriquet, he came from Raozhou Dexing in modern Jiangxi, and he was Wang Gu’s son.
    • CBDBWang Zao (11625)The names and kinship records give the courtesy name Yanzhang, the Longxi studio or sobriquet name, Dexing as the basic native place, and Wang Gu as father.
    • Souyun汪藻 (28543)The biographical entry identifies him as a native of Raozhou Dexing, gives his courtesy name, calls him Wang Gu’s son, and identifies modern Dexing as Jiangxi.
    • WikidataZao Wang (Q11137143)The item preserves the English name forms Wang Zao and Yanzhang, both Chinese orthographies of the courtesy name, and a father relation; the supplied father value is an item identifier rather than a displayed name.
  3. [3] Early career In 1103 he passed the jinshi examination and moved through early teaching, educational, editorial, and literary-office appointments.
    • CBDBWang Zao (11625)The examination entry records the jinshi status and the office list records zhuzuo zuolang.
    • Souyun汪藻 (28543)The biographies supply the 1103 date, Wuzhou and Xuanzhou appointments, Jiangxi educational post, editorial appointment, and promotion to zhuzuo zuolang.
  4. [4] Imperial University and Wang Fu Wang Zao shared quarters with Wang Fu at the Imperial University, opposed him, and lost advancement when Wang Fu came to power.
    • Souyun汪藻 (28543)The biographies describe their shared residence at the Imperial University, incompatibility, Xuanzhou appointment, dismissal, transfer to Jiangzhou Taiping Abbey, and prolonged lack of advancement.
    • CBDBWang Zao (11625)The association entries classify Wang Fu as a fellow student or fellow member of the same school and also as someone with whom Wang Zao was at odds.
  5. [5] Qinzong and Gaozong courts Under Qinzong and Gaozong, Wang Zao advanced through central offices to the Hanlin Academy and higher official ranks.
    • Souyun汪藻 (28543)The biographical passages and title list give the sequence from tuntian yuanwailang through the Qinzong and Gaozong appointments, including the Hanlin Academy and chaoyi dafu.
    • CBDBWang Zao (11625)The office list independently includes Hanlin Academician, jishizhong, and zhongshu sheren.
  6. [6] Shaoxing first year In 1131 he was a lecturer and Hanlin Academician, governed Huzhou and Fuzhou with an interruption, and then joined the daily-calendar commission.
    • Souyun汪藻 (28543)The biographies specify the 1131 appointments, Huzhou and Fuzhou service, suspension and dismissal, and participation in revising the daily calendar.
    • CBDBWang Zao (11625)The office entries include Huzhou and Fuzhou prefectural appointments.
  7. [7] Calendar and later postings He presented a 665-volume calendar in Shaoxing 8, served as Xianmo ge xueshi while governing Huizhou, then governed Quanzhou and moved to Xuanzhou.
    • Souyun汪藻 (28543)The biographies record the 665-volume calendar, the Shaoxing 8 appointment and Huizhou posting, and the Shaoxing 12 Quanzhou and Xuanzhou postings.
    • CBDBWang Zao (11625)The office data include the Quanzhou and Xianmo ge xueshi appointments and date the Quanzhou term.
  8. [8] Dated prefectural terms The dated office entries place him in Huizhou, Fuzhou, Shezhou, Quanzhou, and Zhenjiang at the stated times, while the biographies also name Huzhou and Xuanzhou.
    • Souyun汪藻 (28543)The biographies list Huzhou, Fuzhou, Huizhou, Quanzhou, Xuanzhou, and Zhenjiang Prefecture among his later appointments.
    • CBDBWang Zao (11625)The office data provide the locations and dated terms: Huizhou 1131–34, Fuzhou 1134–35, Shezhou 1139–41, Quanzhou 1141–43, and Zhenjiang Prefecture in 1143.
  9. [9] Dismissal and death An accusation of service as a client of Cai Jing and Wang Fu led to his dismissal and residence in Yongzhou; he died in 1154 at age 76 and held the stated rank and title.
    • Souyun汪藻 (28543)The biographies state the accusation, dismissal, residence in Yongzhou, death in Shaoxing 24 at age 76, rank, and Xin'an title; the profile also supplies the rank title.
    • CBDBWang Zao (11625)The person and office records confirm the death year, Yongzhou assignment, and an alternate office form, 左太中大夫, for the rank rendered above as zuo dazhong dafu.
    • WikidataZao Wang (Q11137143)The item gives 1154 as the death year.
  10. [10] Family His family included his father Wang Gu, father-in-law Zhao Lin, affinal relation Xu Ji, two named wives, and three sons in birth order.
    • CBDBWang Zao (11625)The kinship records identify Wang Gu and his dates, Zhao Lin as father-in-law, Xu Ji and his dates as an affinal relation, two wives, and three sons with their birth order.
    • Souyun汪藻 (28543)The biographical entry explicitly identifies Wang Zao as Wang Gu’s son.
    • WikidataZao Wang (Q11137143)The item separately records a father relation, two spouse statements, and three child statements; the supplied values are item identifiers and do not display the names here.
  11. [11] Literary achievement and political discussion He was broadly learned, excelled in poetry, prose, and parallel prose, had widely recited edicts, left four surviving ci lyrics, and discussed the danger of military power becoming externally concentrated.
    • Souyun汪藻 (28543)The literary and biographical entries give his wide learning, poetry and prose, skill in parallel prose, widely recited edicts, four surviving ci lyrics, and discussion of generals holding large armies and an external-weight configuration.
    • CBDBWang Zao (11625)The status entries classify him as learned and as a ci poet.
  12. [12] Teacher, fellow scholars, and disciple He studied under Jiang Wei, a specialist in the Classics, was associated with the “Seven Tigers of Wenzhong,” and had Chen Mao as a disciple.
    • CBDBWang Zao (11625)The association records identify Jiang Wei as his teacher, describe Jiang Wei’s mastery of the Classics and the “Seven Tigers of Wenzhong,” and name Chen Mao as a disciple.
  13. [13] Relation with Sun Di Wang Zao wrote a preface for a work by Sun Di and composed Sun Di’s epitaph.
    • CBDBWang Zao (11625)The association records say that the preface to Sun Di’s book and Sun Di’s epitaph were written by Wang Zao.
  14. [14] Other writings His named writings include the five works and the volume or section counts given in the text, with two conflicting counts for 《裔夷謀夏錄》.
    • Souyun汪藻 (28543)The literary bibliography lists 《靖康要錄》, 《裔夷謀夏錄》, 《青唐錄》, and 《古今雅俗字》 with their counts; the two passages give two and three juan for 《裔夷謀夏錄》.
    • CBDBWang Zao (11625)The text list confirms 《靖康要錄》 in sixteen juan, 《裔夷謀夏錄》 in two juan, 《青唐錄》 in three juan, and 《哲宗玉牒》 as a work authored by him.
  15. [15] Poetry and prose collections His poetry and prose collections include 《浮溪集》, 《龍溪集》 or 《龍溪文集》, and 《猥稿外集》; the collection is listed at 121 juan, with a possible identification of 《龍溪集》 and 《浮溪集》 and substantial loss.
    • Souyun汪藻 (28543)The literary entries list 《浮溪集》 in sixty juan, 《龍溪集》 or 《龍溪文集》, and 《猥稿外集》, give a total of 121 juan, note the possible identity of 《龍溪集》 with 《浮溪集》, and say that much was lost.
    • CBDBWang Zao (11625)The text list also gives 《浮溪集》 as a sixty-juan collection.
  16. [16] Later compilation and textual transmission Later editors compiled and reconstructed his collections, and the poetic text was based on a Wenyuange edition and collated against named versions.
    • Souyun汪藻 (28543)The transmission account names Zhao Zichang’s Hongwu compilation, the Qing Siku reconstruction from the 《永樂大典》, and the base and comparison editions used for Wang Zao’s poems.
    • CBDBWang Zao (11625)The text list confirms the central collection title 《浮溪集》 and its sixty-juan bibliographical form.