Xu Jingzong

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

During the Daye era of Emperor Yang of Sui, he was selected as a xiucai, served as judicial secretary's assistant in Huaiyang Commandery, and soon joined Li Mi as a secretary.[5] In the early Wude era of the Tang, he entered the Qin Prince's household as a scholar, and was one of its eighteen scholars.[6]

During Taizong's Zhenguan reign, he successively held the offices of zhuzuo lang, zhongshu sheren, jishizhong, taizi you shuzi, and zhongshu shilang, while also serving in the historiographical office; as zhongshu sheren, he had exclusive charge of imperial edicts, and in 643 he was enfeoffed as Baron of Gaoyang County.[7] After Gaozong's accession, he became Minister of Rites and successively served as governor of Zhengzhou, Weiwei qing, and taizi binke; he was appointed shizhong, raised to commandery duke, made zhongshu ling, and eventually became right chancellor.[8]

At court, he joined Li Yifu and others in helping Gaozong install Wu Zetian as empress, helped Wu Zetian remove Chu Suiliang and bring about the deaths of Changsun Wuji, Shangguan Yi, and others; during Xianqing, he served as zhongshu ling and shared control of government with Li Yifu.[9] He retired in the first year of Xianheng (670) and was granted the additional honor of Tejin; he died in the third year (672), at the age of 81.[10] He was posthumously granted the titles Kaifu Yitong Sansi and Yangzhou da dudu; his initial posthumous name was Miu, later changed to Gong.[11]

Historiography and literature

From the Zhenguan period onward, Xu Jingzong supervised the compilation of the national history and took part in compiling Wenguan Cilin, Wensi Boyao, Yaoshan Yucai, and other works.[12] His historical work was criticized for extensive alterations made to serve private interests, and he drew widespread censure.[13]

Known for poetry and prose, he was a court poet under Taizong.[14] The number of juan in Xu Jingzong's collected works is disputed: one account gives 80, another 60; the collection is lost.[15] The surviving-poem count is likewise disputed: one account gives 28 poems in Quan Tang Shi and 19 additional poems plus a fragment in supplementary collections; another gives 27 in Quan Tang Shi and one poem in an outside supplement, while noting further losses.[16] Most of the poems are court poems written in response to imperial commands.[17] A critical assessment found his career and conduct lacking integrity and his poems shallow in conception and uneven in diction; it also described him as famous in literary circles from youth and judged some lines worthy of an author.[18]

Family and associations

His recorded children were Xu Ang, Xu Yu, Xu Bian, Xu Guo, and Xu Jing; his sons-in-law were Qian Jiulong and Feng Wei, and his grandsons included Xu Yuan and Xu Yanbo.[19] His literary exchanges included presenting poetry and prose to Taizong, Gaozong, Yang Shidao, Yu Zhining, and Lai Ji, and receiving such works from Yu Zhining, Cen Wenben, Shangguan Yi, and others.[20] In 645, he composed an epitaph for Yuchi Gong.[21]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 618 王府學士 武德
  2. 634 修國史 貞觀
  3. 634 著作郎 貞觀
  4. 636 都督府司馬 貞觀
  5. 643 縣男 貞觀
  6. 643 黄門侍郎 貞觀
  7. 645 中書侍郎 貞觀
  8. 652 修國史 永徽
  9. 652 弘文館學士 永徽
  10. 652 衛尉卿 永徽
  11. 652 衛翊府中郎將 永徽
  12. 655 禮部尚書 永徽
  13. 656 太子賓客 顯慶
  14. 658 中書令 顯慶
  15. 667 禮部尚書

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
王府學士618武德
修國史634貞觀
著作郎634貞觀
都督府司馬636貞觀洪州
縣男643貞觀高陽
黄門侍郎643貞觀
中書侍郎645貞觀
修國史652永徽
弘文館學士652永徽
衛尉卿652655永徽
衛翊府中郎將652永徽
禮部尚書655永徽
太子賓客656顯慶
中書令658顯慶
禮部尚書667Era unknown
Year unknown10
OfficeEraPosting
中書舍人Era unknownUnknown
侍中Era unknownUnknown
修國史Era unknownUnknown
元帥府記室Era unknownUnknown
太子右庶子Era unknownUnknown
州刺史永徽鄭州
州司法參軍書佐Era unknown淮陽郡
未詳Era unknownUnknown
給事中Era unknownUnknown
郡公Era unknownUnknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
父許善心–
子許昱–697
子許昪–697
子許果–697
子許景–697
女婿錢九龍–638
女婿馮威–
長子; 第一子許昂–
孫許遠709–757
孫許彥伯–

AliasesCBDB

  • 延族 字
  • 恭 諡號
  • 繆 諡號

StatusCBDB

  • 詩人
  • 工於文
  • [宰相]

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
尉遲恭為尉遲恭作墓誌銘645–
趙仁本不合–
李世民(唐太宗)贈詩、文–
李治(唐高宗)贈詩、文–
楊師道贈詩、文–
于志寧贈詩、文–
來濟贈詩、文–
于志寧收到于志寧的贈詩、文–
岑文本收到岑文本的贈詩、文–
上官儀收到上官儀的贈詩、文–
沈叔安收到沈叔安的贈詩、文–
張文琮收到張文琮的贈詩、文–
陸敬收到陸敬的贈詩、文–
張后胤收到張后胤的贈詩、文–
何仲宣收到何仲宣的贈詩、文–
趙中虛收到趙中虛的贈詩、文–
劉斌收到劉斌的贈詩、文–
劉孝孫收到劉孝孫的贈詩、文–
陸搢收到陸搢的贈詩、文–
鄭元璹收到鄭元璹的贈詩、文–
長孫無忌陷害長孫無忌–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉制舉: 秀才(宋及以前)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
文館詞林
姓氏譜
文思博要
晉書
文館詞林
本草圖經
東殿新書
永徽五禮
瑤山玉彩
芳林要覽
西域國志
許敬宗文集
高祖實錄

Citations

  1. [1] Name and dates Xu Jingzong was born in 592 and died in 672.
    • WikidataXu Jingzong (Q985731)The entity label and date values identify Xu Jingzong and give 592 as the birth year and 672 as the death year.
    • CBDBXu Jingzong (18636)The biographical record supplies the name, lifespan, Tang affiliation, poetic and prose status, and chancellorial status.
    • Souyun許敬宗 (12423)The profile and biographical entries place him in the late Sui and early Tang and describe his official and literary identity.
  2. [2] Courtesy name His courtesy name was Yanzu.
  3. [3] Native place and ancestral home He came from Xincheng in Hangzhou, while Chang'an is also given as his native place; his ancestral home was Gaoyang, now in Hebei, and his family had served in Jiangzuo for generations.
    • Souyun許敬宗 (12423)The biographical entries identify Xincheng in Hangzhou as his home, locate it southwest of present-day Fuyang, give Gaoyang in Hebei as the ancestral home, and describe the family's service in Jiangzuo.
    • CBDBXu Jingzong (18636)The address values preserve Chang'an as the basic native place, Xincheng as an associated residence, and Gaoyang as the ancestral place.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database許敬宗 (A002444)The authority note confirms the Hangzhou Xincheng affiliation.
  4. [4] Father Xu Jingzong was the son of Xu Shanxin.
  5. [5] Early career During the Daye era of Emperor Yang of Sui, Xu Jingzong was selected as a xiucai, served as judicial secretary's assistant in Huaiyang Commandery, and soon joined Li Mi as a secretary.
    • Souyun許敬宗 (12423)The biographical entries cover his xiucai selection, Huaiyang appointment, and service under Li Mi.
    • CBDBXu Jingzong (18636)The examination and office values corroborate the xiucai category and Huaiyang judicial-secretary post.
  6. [6] Qin Prince's household In the early Wude era of the Tang, he entered the Qin Prince's household as a scholar and was one of its eighteen scholars.
    • Souyun許敬宗 (12423)The biographical entries place him in the Qin Prince's household in early Wude and identify him as one of its eighteen scholars.
    • CBDBXu Jingzong (18636)The office value records a Wude-era Wangfu scholar appointment.
  7. [7] Zhenguan career During Taizong's Zhenguan reign, Xu Jingzong held several offices, served in historiography, had charge of imperial edicts as zhongshu sheren, and was enfeoffed as Baron of Gaoyang County in 643.
    • Souyun許敬宗 (12423)The biographical entries describe his Zhenguan offices, historiographical duties, charge of imperial edicts, and Gaoyang enfeoffment.
    • CBDBXu Jingzong (18636)The office values record the named Zhenguan posts, historiographical service, and the 643 Gaoyang enfeoffment.
  8. [8] Gaozong career After Gaozong's accession, Xu Jingzong became Minister of Rites, held several senior offices, and rose to shizhong, commandery duke, zhongshu ling, and right chancellor.
    • Souyun許敬宗 (12423)The biographical entries give the sequence of his principal Gaozong-era offices and promotions.
    • CBDBXu Jingzong (18636)The office values list Minister of Rites, governor of Zhengzhou, Weiwei qing, taizi binke, shizhong, commandery duke, and zhongshu ling.
  9. [9] Political role At court, Xu Jingzong supported the installation of Wu Zetian and the removal of political opponents, then shared control of government with Li Yifu during Xianqing.
    • Souyun許敬宗 (12423)The biographical entry describes his role in Wu Zetian's installation, the removal and deaths of political opponents, and joint government with Li Yifu.
    • CBDBXu Jingzong (18636)The office value corroborates his zhongshu ling appointment in the Xianqing period.
  10. [10] Retirement and death He retired in the first year of Xianheng (670), received Tejin, and died in the third year (672) at the age of 81.
    • Souyun許敬宗 (12423)The entries give his retirement and Tejin in the first year of Xianheng and his death at age 81 in the third year, 672.
    • CBDBXu Jingzong (18636)The biographical record confirms the death year as 672.
  11. [11] Posthumous honors He received posthumous offices and two successive posthumous names, Miu and Gong.
    • Souyun許敬宗 (12423)The entries give the posthumous offices and the sequence of posthumous names Miu and Gong.
    • CBDBXu Jingzong (18636)The alternate-name values preserve the two posthumous names Gong and Miu.
  12. [12] Historical compilation From Zhenguan onward, Xu Jingzong supervised the national history and helped compile Wenguan Cilin, Wensi Boyao, and Yaoshan Yucai.
    • Souyun許敬宗 (12423)The biographical entry names his supervision of the national history and participation in compiling the three works.
    • CBDBXu Jingzong (18636)The office values repeatedly record his historiographical service.
  13. [13] Historical criticism His historical work was criticized for extensive private alterations and drew widespread censure.
    • Souyun許敬宗 (12423)The critical entries describe extensive alterations made for private ends and the resulting censure.
  14. [14] Poetry and prose Xu Jingzong was known for poetry and prose and was a court poet under Taizong.
    • CBDBXu Jingzong (18636)The status values identify him as a poet and skilled prose writer.
    • Souyun許敬宗 (12423)The literary entries call him a court poet of Taizong's reign and discuss his poetry collection.
  15. [15] Collection volume variants The number of juan in Xu Jingzong's collected works is disputed: one account gives 80, another 60, and the collection is lost.
    • Souyun許敬宗 (12423)The entries give 80 and 60 juan as variant counts and agree that the collection is lost.
  16. [16] Surviving-poem variants The surviving-poem count and supplementary counts differ between the accounts: 28 plus 19 poems and a fragment in one account, versus 27 plus one supplementary poem and further losses in another.
    • Souyun許敬宗 (12423)The two literary entries give different counts for Quan Tang Shi and supplementary collections, with one also noting a fragment and the other further losses.
  17. [17] Court-poem character Most surviving poems were written as court responses to imperial commands.
    • Souyun許敬宗 (12423)The literary entry says that most of the poems are奉和應制 works.
  18. [18] Literary assessment A critical assessment faulted his integrity and the shallowness and uneven diction of some poems, while also recognizing his early literary reputation and some successful lines.
    • Souyun許敬宗 (12423)The critical passage combines censure of his conduct and poetry with recognition of his early reputation and some successful lines.
  19. [19] Family His recorded children were Xu Ang, Xu Yu, Xu Bian, Xu Guo, and Xu Jing; his sons-in-law were Qian Jiulong and Feng Wei, and his grandsons included Xu Yuan and Xu Yanbo.
    • CBDBXu Jingzong (18636)The kinship values list five sons, two sons-in-law, and two grandsons by name.
  20. [20] Literary associations His literary exchanges included presenting poetry and prose to Taizong, Gaozong, Yang Shidao, Yu Zhining, and Lai Ji, and receiving such works from Yu Zhining, Cen Wenben, Shangguan Yi, and others.
    • CBDBXu Jingzong (18636)The association values record works presented to the five named figures and works received from Yu Zhining, Cen Wenben, Shangguan Yi, and others.
  21. [21] Epitaph In 645, he composed an epitaph for Yuchi Gong.
    • CBDBXu Jingzong (18636)The association values date his composition of an epitaph for Yuchi Gong to 645.