Peng Ze

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

His great-grandfather was Peng Bin, his grandfather Peng Xuan, and his father Peng Ding; his mother was Tang, his stepmother Zhao, and his wife Wu. His younger brothers were Peng Chong and Peng Rui.[2]

His educational and examination career included the status of shengyuan and a provincial recommendation; in 1490, the third year of the Hongzhi reign, he passed the gengxu examination as a Presented Scholar, ranking forty-sixth in the second category.[3]

He was appointed Gongbu zhushi in the Ministry of Works and later held the corresponding posts of Xingbu zhushi, yuanwailang, and langzhong in the Ministry of Justice. While serving in the Ministry of Justice, he sentenced a powerful notable who had committed murder to death and refused a eunuch's plea for clemency.[4]

From 1500 to 1502 (Hongzhi 13–15), he served as magistrate of Huizhou Prefecture in Zhili. There he recognized and treated the shengyuan Tang Gao with courtesy; Tang Gao later became the zhuangyuan, the top candidate in the examination.[5]

From 1506 to 1508 (Zhengde 1–3), he became magistrate of Zhending Prefecture and governed sternly.[6]

In the early Zhengde reign, he successively served as Zhejiang surveillance vice commissioner and Henan surveillance commissioner, gaining a reputation for severity; the terms are given as 1508–1510 (Zhengde 3–5) and 1510–1511 (Zhengde 5–6), respectively.[7]

He then became Right Assistant Censor and governor of Liaodong, and was transferred as Right Deputy Censor and governor of Baoding.[8]

In 1510 (Zhengde 5) he also served as left assistant administration commissioner in Zhejiang, and in 1511 (Zhengde 6) as Left Assistant Censor of the Censorate; in 1514 (Zhengde 9) he was appointed jinglue, and in 1523 (Jiajing 2) he served as reader of examination papers and was granted the rank of Shaobao.[9]

During the Zhengde reign, uprisings in Henan were associated with Liu Liu, Liu Qi, and Zhao Sui; another account names Liu Hui and Zhao Sui. The court ordered Peng Ze and the Marquis of Xianning, Qiu Yue, to suppress them. On arrival he proclaimed military discipline and declared hesitant commanders liable to death; after dozens of engagements, all were victorious, and he was promoted to Right Metropolitan Censor and Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent, while his son received a hereditary Hundred-household post in the Embroidered Uniform Guard.[10]

He then replaced Hong Zhong as governor-general of the Sichuan–Shaanxi armies and campaigned against Liao Mazi and Yu Sibeng. After these forces were pacified, disturbances broke out again in Neijiang and Rongchang; he shifted his forces and suppressed them, rising to Left Metropolitan Censor and Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent. From 1514 to 1517 (Zhengde 9–12), he held the office of Left Metropolitan Censor, and from Zhengde 12 he served as Governor-General of the Three Border Regions.[11]

After becoming Left Metropolitan Censor and Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent, Peng Ze repeatedly requested leave to return home. His request was approved, but before he departed Turfan occupied Hami, carried off the Loyal-Shun King Sutan Baiyelang, and demanded gold. Deng Zhang, Zhao Jian, the Gansu governor, and others reported the matter and asked that a grandee be sent to direct the campaign, while Yang Tinghe and other grand secretaries recommended Peng Ze. Tired of his long military career, Peng pleaded illness and recommended Deng Zhang or the Marquis of Xianning, Qiu Yue, as his successor. Only after Emperor Wuzong issued an edict commending and urging him did Peng proceed to the Shaanxi–Gansu frontier; by the time he arrived, the matter had been settled, and he returned to administer the Censorate.[12]

When the office of Minister of War fell vacant, court officials recommended Peng Ze, but Wang Qiong obtained the appointment and privately disparaged him. Many censors impeached Wang, and the two became estranged. Peng often insulted Qian Ning; Wang reported this, but Qian did not believe him, so Wang arranged a drinking party, concealed Qian behind a screen, and maneuvered Peng into drunken insults that Qian heard.[13]

When the Mongols invaded Xuanfu, the court proposed that Xu Tai lead the troops and that Peng Ze direct military affairs on both sides; the edict was then changed, Xu Tai was dismissed, and Peng was not given the command. Instead, a commander was sent with two mobile units totaling six thousand men, apparently to place Peng in difficulty. Peng memorialized asking that the Duke of Cheng, Zhu Fu, be sent; the Mongols withdrew, and Peng returned to administer the Censorate.[14]

Earlier, Xie Yixian had secretly colluded with the Turfan chieftain Sutan Mansu'er; Peng, unaware of this, had initially dispatched him. Mansu'er surrendered with the city seal, leaving Sutan Baiyelang and others behind. Xie Yixian went again and secretly communicated with Mansu'er while planning to seize Suzhou; by then Peng and Zhao Jian had departed, and Li Kun, now governor of Gansu, fearing trouble, held hostages in Ganzhou and expelled Xie Yixian beyond the frontier.[15]

Mansu'er was enraged, reoccupied Hami, divided his forces to attack Shazhou, and personally led more than ten thousand horsemen against Jiayu Pass. The guerrilla commander Rui Ning and the brigade commander Jiang Cunli resisted; Rui Ning met the enemy at Shaziba with seven hundred troops, was defeated and killed, and Mansu'er then sacked and massacred the city.[16]

Emperor Wuzong again ordered Peng Ze to supervise the military affairs of the Three Border Regions. Chen Jiuchou, a vice commissioner, argued that the arrest of envoys had cut off the internal supporters and again sought peace; the expedition was consequently cancelled, and Peng asked to return home. Wang Qiong later reopened the case of the defeat at Jiayu Pass, with Qian Ning involved; Grand Secretary Liang Chu and others strongly opposed the move, and the matter was temporarily halted. Wang persisted, and Li Kun and Chen Jiuchou were arrested for investigation; Peng was reduced to commoner status, Li was removed from office, and Chen was stripped of his official status.[17]

After the accession of Emperor Shizong, Qian Ning fell and Wang Qiong also incurred disgrace. At the request of Censor Yang Bingzhong, Peng Ze was recalled and appointed Guanglu dafu, Zhuguo, Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent, and Minister of War; he attended the Classics Banquet and, under imperial commission, supervised the military affairs of the metropolitan training camps, while Li Kun and Chen Jiuchou were also restored. In the first year of the Jiajing reign (1522), Peng reorganized military appointments and eliminated posts in the Embroidered Uniform Guard and related offices, thereby provoking widespread resentment; censors jointly impeached him, but he was still granted Shaobao and sent home under an imperial travel warrant.[18]

Wang Bangqi, a Hundred-household officer of the Embroidered Uniform Guard, further accused Peng Ze, claiming that the Hami affair had resulted from Peng's bribing Turfan to obtain peace and implicating Yang Tinghe and Chen Jiuchou. Zhang Cong and Gui E consequently had Chen Jiuchou arrested and sent to frontier service; Peng too was stripped of office and reduced to commoner status, and died depressed at home. His dismissal is also given as being for illness; at the beginning of the Longqing reign he was restored to office and posthumously titled Xiangyi.[19]

Works and associations

A twelve-juan work titled Xing'an xinggao (幸菴行稿) is associated with him.[20]

Wang Jiusi wrote a preface for one of his books, He Mengchun wrote a postscript and title inscription, Fang Liangyong wrote his epitaph, and Liu Geng wrote his biography; Huo Tao and Huang Xun wrote memorial offerings.[21]

At departures, Lü Nan and Qiao Yu wrote farewell pieces; He Mengchun and Lü Nan sent congratulatory messages, and Lü praised Peng's administrative achievements.[22]

Lin Jun, Wang Shouren, Kang Hai, and Yang Lian each sent letters to Peng Ze; Kang Hai also presented poems and prose and wrote a preface.[23]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 1500 知府 弘治
  2. 1506 知府 正德
  3. 1508 提刑按察使司副使 正德
  4. 1510 布政使司左參政 正德
  5. 1510 提刑按察使司按察使 正德
  6. 1511 巡撫 正德
  7. 1511 巡撫 正德
  8. 1511 都察院右僉都御史 正德
  9. 1511 都察院右副都御史 正德
  10. 1511 都察院左僉都御史 正德
  11. 1512 太子少保 正德
  12. 1514 太子少保 正德
  13. 1514 經略 正德
  14. 1514 都察院左都御史 正德
  15. 1517 三邊總督 正德
  16. 1521 兵部尚書 正德
  17. 1521 太子少保 正德
  18. 1523 少保 嘉靖
  19. 1523 讀卷官 嘉靖
  20. 1567 少保 隆慶
  21. 1514 右都御史 正德

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
知府15001502弘治徽州
知府15061508正德真定府
提刑按察使司副使15081510正德浙江布政司
布政使司左參政1510正德浙江布政司
提刑按察使司按察使15101511正德河南布政司
巡撫1511正德遼東巡撫
巡撫15111512正德保定
都察院右僉都御史1511正德
都察院右副都御史1511正德
都察院左僉都御史1511正德
太子少保1512正德
太子少保15141518正德
經略1514正德
都察院左都御史15141517正德
右都御史1514正德
三邊總督1517正德陝西布政司
兵部尚書15211523正德
太子少保1521正德
少保1523嘉靖
讀卷官1523嘉靖
少保1567隆慶
Year unknown7
OfficeEraPosting
刑部主事弘治Unknown
刑部員外郎弘治Unknown
刑部郎中弘治Unknown
工部主事弘治Unknown
知府弘治徽州
知府正德真定府
巡撫正德保定

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
曾祖彭斌–
祖父彭瑄–
父彭錠–
母唐氏(彭澤母)–
弟彭冲–
弟彭睿–
妻子吳氏(彭澤妻)–
繼母趙氏(彭澤前母)–

AliasesCBDB

  • 一 行第
  • 幸庵 室名、別號
  • 幸菴 室名、別號
  • 濟物 字
  • 襄毅 諡號

StatusCBDB

  • 以疾廢

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
王九思書序由王九思所作–
方良永為方良永作墓誌銘–
何孟春書跋由何孟春所作–
劉耕傳記作者為劉耕–
霍韜祭文由霍韜所作–
黃訓祭文由黃訓所作–
呂柟臨別得到呂柟所作贈言(送別詩、序)–
喬宇臨別得到喬宇所作贈言(送別詩、序)–
黃鍾(暫時保留，待刪除)–
何孟春從何孟春處收到賀詞 (occasion)–
呂柟從呂柟處收到賀詞 (occasion)–
呂柟從呂柟處收到賀詞 (occasion)–
林俊被致書由林俊–
王守仁被致書由王守仁–
王守仁被致書由王守仁1522–
康海被致書由康海–
楊廉被致書由楊廉–
康海收到康海的贈詩、文–
康海詩文序由康海所作–
呂柟政績為呂柟所稱道–
何孟春書之題詞由何孟春所作–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)第二甲第四十六名
科舉: 鄉貢舉人
學校: 生員(庠生)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
幸菴行稿:十二卷

Citations

  1. [1] Identity and native place Peng Ze lived from 1459 to 1529 and was a Ming political figure and military commander who reached the office of Minister of War. His names and the divergent native-place and household-registration entries are also supplied.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The entries give the name, dates, Ming affiliation, Minister of War, aliases, Changsha native-place entries, and Lanzhou Guard household entry.
    • Souyun彭澤 (46021)The profile and biographies identify him as a Ming figure from Lanzhou, give his dates and names, and state that he reached Minister of War.
    • WikidataPeng Ze (Q11069909)The entity entry supplies the English name, political description, Chinese description naming his military and ministerial status, romanized aliases, Chinese title forms, and dates.
  2. [2] Family The family entries name Peng Ze's great-grandfather, grandfather, father, mother, stepmother, wife, and two younger brothers.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The kinship entries identify Peng Bin, Peng Xuan, Peng Ding, Tang, Peng Chong, Peng Rui, Wu, and Zhao with their respective relationships.
  3. [3] Education and examination His school and examination career includes shengyuan, provincial recommendation, and the 1490 gengxu Presented Scholar examination, in which he ranked forty-sixth in the second category.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The examination and school entries give the Presented Scholar status, provincial recommendation, shengyuan status, and second-category rank.
    • Souyun彭澤 (46021)The biography explicitly gives the 1490 gengxu examination.
  4. [4] Early offices and criminal case He began in the Ministry of Works and held several Ministry of Justice posts; he sentenced a powerful killer to death and rejected a plea for clemency.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The office entries list the Ministry of Works and Ministry of Justice posts.
    • Souyun彭澤 (46021)Both biographies describe his appointment, Ministry of Justice service, death sentence, and refusal of the clemency request.
  5. [5] Huizhou appointment He governed Huizhou in Zhili from 1500 to 1502, treated Tang Gao courteously, and Tang Gao later became the examination's top candidate.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The office entry gives the Huizhou posting and its 1500–1502 Hongzhi-term dates.
    • Souyun彭澤 (46021)The biography describes his courtesy toward the shengyuan Tang Gao and Tang Gao's later success as zhuangyuan.
  6. [6] Zhending appointment He served as magistrate of Zhending Prefecture from 1506 to 1508 and governed with strict clarity.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The office entry places the Zhending posting in 1506–1508, Zhengde 1–3.
    • Souyun彭澤 (46021)The biography says that he governed Zhending strictly and clearly.
  7. [7] Surveillance appointments He held the Zhejiang and Henan surveillance commissions in succession, with the stated dates and a reputation for severity.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The office entries give the two commissions and their Zhengde 3–5 and Zhengde 5–6 terms.
    • Souyun彭澤 (46021)Both biographies identify the Zhejiang and Henan appointments and his reputation for forceful administration.
  8. [8] Censors and provincial governors He became Right Assistant Censor and governor of Liaodong, then Right Deputy Censor and governor of Baoding.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The office entries list Right Assistant Censor, Liaodong governor, Right Deputy Censor, and Baoding governor.
    • Souyun彭澤 (46021)The biographies give the same sequence of censorial and provincial appointments.
  9. [9] Additional offices His other offices included a Zhejiang provincial-administration post, Left Assistant Censor, jinglue, examination reader, and Shaobao, with the stated dates.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The office entries give the five positions and their Zhengde 5, Zhengde 6, Zhengde 9, and Jiajing 2 dates.
  10. [10] Henan campaigns The biographies preserve two forms of the rebel names and describe Peng Ze's campaign with Qiu Yue, his military discipline, victories, promotions, and his son's hereditary guard appointment.
    • Souyun彭澤 (46021)The biographies give the differing rebel names and describe Qiu Yue's joint campaign, military law, dozens of victories, promotions, and the hereditary guard post for his son.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The office entries also list Right Metropolitan Censor and Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent.
  11. [11] Sichuan–Shaanxi campaigns He replaced Hong Zhong as commander of the Sichuan–Shaanxi armies, pacified the named forces, suppressed renewed disturbances in Neijiang and Rongchang, and held the stated censorial and governor-general offices.
    • Souyun彭澤 (46021)The biographies describe the replacement of Hong Zhong, the Sichuan–Shaanxi campaign, renewed disturbances, and the promotions to Left Metropolitan Censor and Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The office entries date the Left Metropolitan Censorate to 1514–1517 and the Three Border Regions governorship from Zhengde 12.
  12. [12] Hami campaign and Shaanxi–Gansu command The biographies describe the Hami crisis, the recommendations, Peng Ze's reluctance and illness, his eventual frontier command, and his return when the crisis had ended.
    • Souyun彭澤 (46021)The biographies give the retirement request, occupation of Hami, seizure of the Loyal-Shun King, recommendations, Peng's illness and reluctance, the imperial summons, and his return after the matter was settled.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The office entries list Left Metropolitan Censor, Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent, and jinglue.
  13. [13] Wang Qiong and Qian Ning Wang Qiong obtained the vacant Ministry of War appointment, disparaged Peng Ze, and staged the drinking incident that exposed Peng's insults to Qian Ning.
    • Souyun彭澤 (46021)The detailed biography narrates the vacant appointment, Wang Qiong's disparagement, the estrangement, and the staged drinking party heard by Qian Ning.
  14. [14] Xuanfu military affair During the Mongol invasion of Xuanfu, the proposed command arrangements changed, Peng Ze memorialized for Zhu Fu's appointment, and he returned to the Censorate after the Mongols withdrew.
    • Souyun彭澤 (46021)The detailed biography gives the Xuanfu invasion, the proposed and revised commands, the six-thousand-man force, Peng's memorial for Zhu Fu, and his return after the withdrawal.
  15. [15] Xie Yixian and the second Hami crisis Xie Yixian's collusion with Sutan Mansu'er, the surrender with the city seal, the renewed plan against Suzhou, and Li Kun's hostage-taking and expulsion are described together.
    • Souyun彭澤 (46021)The detailed biography gives the collusion, initial dispatch, surrender, renewed plan for Suzhou, and Li Kun's response in Ganzhou.
  16. [16] Jiayu Pass battle Mansu'er reoccupied Hami and attacked Shazhou and Jiayu Pass; Rui Ning was defeated and killed with seven hundred troops, after which the city was sacked.
    • Souyun彭澤 (46021)The biography details Mansu'er's attacks, the resistance by Rui Ning and Jiang Cunli, Rui Ning's defeat and death, and the subsequent massacre.
  17. [17] Demotion after Jiayu Pass Peng Ze was again assigned to the Three Border Regions, but the peace proposal halted the expedition; Wang Qiong's renewed prosecution led to Peng's demotion and the different punishments of Li Kun and Chen Jiuchou.
    • Souyun彭澤 (46021)The detailed biography describes the renewed command, Chen Jiuchou's peace proposal, the cancelled expedition, the prosecution over Jiayu Pass, and the three different punishments.
  18. [18] Restoration and military reform After Shizong's accession, Peng Ze was restored to high office; his 1522 reforms of military appointments provoked resentment and impeachment, followed by the grant of Shaobao and an ordered return home.
    • Souyun彭澤 (46021)The detailed biography gives the restoration, offices, military supervision, restoration of Li Kun and Chen Jiuchou, and the Jiajing 1 reforms, impeachment, Shaobao grant, and return home.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The office entries confirm the Minister of War, Shaobao, and Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent titles.
  19. [19] Final accusation and posthumous title Wang Bangqi's accusation connected the Hami affair with alleged bribery for peace; Peng was again reduced to commoner status, while an illness-based dismissal is also preserved and he was later restored and posthumously titled Xiangyi.
    • Souyun彭澤 (46021)The biographies describe Wang Bangqi's accusation, the implication of Yang Tinghe and Chen Jiuchou, the action by Zhang Cong and Gui E, Peng's final demotion and death, and his restoration and posthumous title.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The status entry gives an illness-based dismissal, the office entry gives restoration in Longqing 1, and the alias entry gives Xiangyi.
  20. [20] Work A twelve-juan work titled Xing'an xinggao is associated with Peng Ze.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The work entry gives 幸菴行稿 and its twelve-juan extent.
  21. [21] Prefaces, epitaph, biography, and memorial offerings The association entries name the writers of Peng Ze's preface, postscript, title inscription, epitaph, biography, and memorial offerings.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The associations identify Wang Jiusi, He Mengchun, Fang Liangyong, Liu Geng, Huo Tao, and Huang Xun with the listed writings and memorial offerings.
  22. [22] Farewell pieces and praise The associations connect Lü Nan and Qiao Yu with farewell pieces, He Mengchun and Lü Nan with congratulatory messages, and Lü Nan with praise of Peng Ze's achievements.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The associations give the farewell, congratulatory, and praise relationships involving Lü Nan, Qiao Yu, and He Mengchun.
  23. [23] Letters and Kang Hai's writings Lin Jun, Wang Shouren, Kang Hai, and Yang Lian sent letters to Peng Ze; Kang Hai also presented poems and prose and wrote a preface.
    • CBDBPeng Ze (68267)The associations list letters from Lin Jun, Wang Shouren, Kang Hai, and Yang Lian, along with Kang Hai's poems, prose, and preface.