Zheng Xia

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

In the fourth year of the Zhiping era (1067), he passed the civil-service examination[6] and was appointed judicial assistant in Guang Prefecture.[7] In spring of the fifth year of Xining, after completing his term, he entered the capital[8] and became supervisor of Anshang Gate;[9] he had earlier been a student of Wang Anshi, who held him in esteem, but Zheng repeatedly memorialized that the new policies harmed the people.[10]

During the seventh year of Xining, a prolonged drought left refugees crowding the roads. Zheng presented the *Liumin tu* (流民圖), petitioning for repeal of the new policies;[11] eighteen measures were abandoned the following day,[12] and Wang Anshi was removed as chief councillor and made prefect of Jiangning.[13] When Lü Huiqing took control of the government, Zheng submitted another memorial criticizing him and produced the *Zhengzhi junzi xiequ xiaoren shiye tuji* (正直君子邪曲小人事業圖跡); accused of slandering the court, he was placed under controlled residence.[14] The accounts differ over the place and term: one gives Ting followed by Ying, another twelve years in Ying.[15]

After Zhezong’s accession, Zheng was allowed to return and appointed professor at Quanzhou;[16] in 1093, the eighth year of Yuanyou, he became recorder-assistant at Quanzhou[17] and was entered in the Yuanyou party register.[18] During Yuanfu he was again banished to Ying; the year is given variously as the first year (1098) and the seventh, while one account says the exile lasted three years.[19]

After Huizong’s accession, Zheng was pardoned and returned, restored as professor at Quanzhou, and transferred to supervise the Southern Sacred Peak Temple in Tanzhou; the appointment was rescinded before the edict was issued. He was restored to his former office but then deprived of it by Cai Jing, withdrew to his native place, and never returned to public service.[20] In the fifth year of Chongning (1106), he was restored to the rank of Jiangshilang but still did not return to office.[21] He died in the first year of Xuanhe at the age of seventy-nine;[22] in the early Shaoxi period, Guangzong posthumously awarded him Chaofeng Lang,[23] and in 1213, the sixth year of Jiading, Ningzong conferred on him the posthumous name Jie.[24]

Family and associations

His father was Zheng Yun and his younger brother was Zheng Kan; his sons were Zheng Rushi and Zheng Pang, followed by a grandson, Zheng Jiazhen, and a great-grandson, Zheng Chunnian.[25] His friends included Lin Zichong, Lin Zhongjia, and You Zhongfu; You was described as upright, devoted to justice, and unfailingly true to his word.[26]

Works

His works include *Shang cao che shu* (上漕車書) and *Daqing Jushi xu* (大慶居士序).[27] The *Xitang ji* (西塘集) consists of ten volumes.[28] Related bibliographic titles include *Xitang shichao* (西塘詩鈔), *Xitang shiji* (西塘詩集), and *Xitang ji buchao* (西塘集補鈔);[29] a compilation of his poetry also gathered seven poems outside the collection into a separate fascicle.[30]

Office recordsCBDB

Year unknown2
OfficeEraPosting
教授Era unknown泉州
朝奉郎Era unknownUnknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
父鄭暈–
弟鄭侃–
子鄭汝石–
子鄭雱–
孫鄭嘉正–
曾孫; 重孫鄭椿年–

AliasesCBDB

  • 一拂居士 室名、別號
  • 介 諡號
  • 介夫 字
  • 大慶居士 室名、別號

StatusCBDB

  • [為官者：文]
  • 入元祐黨籍者

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
林子充友–
林仲嘉友–
游中孚友–
王安石為王安石之學生1100–
歐陽奕得到歐陽奕的支持–
鄭嘉正為鄭嘉正所著書作序–
王中為王中所著書作序–
王克允為王克允所著書作序–
黃祖舜書序由黃祖舜所作1100–
夏之文墓誌銘由夏之文所作1100–
譚掞為譚掞作墓誌銘1100–
王安石為王安石作墓誌銘1100–
劉康夫為劉康夫作墓誌銘1100–
林絢為林絢作墓誌銘–
林絢為林絢作墓誌銘–
譚掞為譚掞作字說、名述–
王安石為王安石作字說、名述1100–
方叔完為方叔完作字說、名述–
王中為王中作字說、名述–
王克允為王克允作字說、名述–
杜忱為杜忱作字說、名述–
杜玗為杜玗作字說、名述–
杜谹為杜谹作字說、名述–
吳大臨為吳大臨作字說、名述–
吳大臨為吳大臨作字說、名述–
杜谹為杜谹作字說、名述–
游中孚為游中孚作字說、名述–
方叔完字說、名述由方叔完所作–
陸游傳記作者為陸游–
謝鳳傳記作者為謝鳳1100–
周應合傳記作者為周應合–
張璪其政策被張璪反對/不支持–
劉靖之諡議由劉靖之所作1100–
釋守超為釋守超作佛寺記–
林復之以林復之言得到封贈–
謝氏(譚掞妻)為謝氏(譚掞妻)作墓表–
劉康夫為劉康夫作墓表–
歐陽修致書歐陽修–
王安石致書王安石–
朱服致書朱服–
蔣長生致書蔣長生–
李天與為李天與之建築物題詠、記、命名–
李天與為李天與之建築物題詠、記、命名–
吳復古為吳復古之建築物題詠、記、命名–
吳復古為吳復古之建築物題詠、記、命名–
蔡京被蔡京陷害–
陳堯佐為陳堯佐作祠記–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
西塘集
西塘詩鈔
西塘詩集
西塘集補鈔

Citations

  1. [1] Name, dates, and identity Zheng Xia lived from 1041 to 1119 and was a Northern Song official.
    • CBDBZheng Xia (15296)The main record gives Zheng Xia’s name, birth year, death year, Song dynasty, and civil-official status.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The profile and three biographical texts jointly give Zheng Xia’s name, dates, and Northern Song identity.
    • WikidataZheng Xia (Q15938456)The English label and description identify Zheng Xia as a Song-dynasty politician living from 1041 to 1119, while the date claims provide both endpoints.
  2. [2] Courtesy name and sobriquets His courtesy name was Jiefu, and his sobriquets included Daqing Jushi and Yifu Jushi.
    • CBDBZheng Xia (15296)The alternate-name entries identify Jiefu as the courtesy name and Daqing Jushi and Yifu Jushi as sobriquets or studio names.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The biographical texts give the courtesy name 介夫 and the sobriquets 大慶居士 and 一拂居士.
    • WikidataZheng Xia (Q15938456)The English aliases and name claims give the romanized forms Jiefu, Daqing Jushi, and Yifu Jushi.
  3. [3] Xitang Laoren He was also known as Xitang Laoren.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The biographical text and profile both give 西塘老人 as an additional sobriquet.
  4. [4] Ancestral home and move to Fujian His ancestral home was Gushi in Guang Prefecture, and he later entered Fujian.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The biographical text gives Gushi in Guang Prefecture, now in Henan, as his ancestral home and says that he later entered Fujian.
  5. [5] Fuqing origin After entering Fujian, he was identified as a native of Fuqing in Fuzhou, present-day Fuqing in Fujian.
    • CBDBZheng Xia (15296)The address entry gives Fuqing as his basic native-place entry.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The three biographical texts and the profile identify him with Fuzhou Fuqing and give its present-day location in Fujian.
  6. [6] Successful examination Zheng Xia passed the examination and became a jinshi in 1067, the fourth year of Zhiping.
    • CBDBZheng Xia (15296)The examination entry identifies him as a jinshi.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The biographical texts date his jinshi qualification to the fourth year of Zhiping, and the profile also lists jinshi.
  7. [7] Guang Prefecture appointment After the examination, Zheng Xia was appointed judicial assistant in Guang Prefecture.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The biographical texts give his appointment as 光州司法參軍, and the profile lists the same office.
  8. [8] Entry into the capital In spring of the fifth year of Xining, after completing his term, he entered the capital.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The third biographical text specifically dates his entry into the capital to spring of the fifth year of Xining after his term ended.
  9. [9] Supervisor of Anshang Gate He then became supervisor of Anshang Gate.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)All three biographical texts describe his service as 監安上門 after entering the capital.
  10. [10] Wang Anshi relationship and policy criticism Zheng Xia was a student of Wang Anshi, was held in esteem by him, and repeatedly memorialized that the new policies harmed the people.
    • CBDBZheng Xia (15296)The association entry identifies Wang Anshi as the person whose student Zheng Xia was.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The biographical text says Wang Anshi valued Zheng Xia and that Zheng repeatedly memorialized that the new policies harmed the people.
  11. [11] Liumin tu petition During the seventh year of Xining, drought and refugee suffering led Zheng Xia to present the Liumin tu and petition for repeal of the new policies.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The three biographical texts connect the Liumin tu and the petition against the new policies with the Xining period; one specifies the seventh year, drought, and refugees on the roads.
  12. [12] Eighteen measures abandoned Eighteen measures were abandoned on the day after the petition.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The first biographical text says that eighteen measures were abandoned the next day.
  13. [13] Removal of Wang Anshi Wang Anshi was removed as chief councillor and made prefect of Jiangning.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The third biographical text states that Wang Anshi was dismissed as chief councillor and sent to Jiangning after the petition.
  14. [14] Lü Huiqing episode After Lü Huiqing took power, Zheng Xia submitted another memorial and produced the Zhengzhi junzi xiequ xiaoren shiye tuji; he was accused of slandering the court and placed under controlled residence.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The three biographical texts describe the memorial against Lü Huiqing, the second chart, the charge of slandering court policy, and the resulting banishment or controlled residence.
  15. [15] Different accounts of the banishment The accounts differ over the place and duration of the controlled residence: Ting followed by Ying in one version, and twelve years in Ying in another.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The biographical texts vary in describing the place and duration, with Ting followed by Ying in some wording and twelve years in Ying in another.
  16. [16] Return under Zhezong After Zhezong’s accession, Zheng Xia was allowed to return and appointed professor at Quanzhou.
    • CBDBZheng Xia (15296)The office entries give the appointment of professor at Quanzhou.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The biographical texts say that after Zhezong’s accession Zheng Xia was allowed to return and appointed professor at Quanzhou; the profile lists the same title.
  17. [17] Yuanyou appointment In 1093, the eighth year of Yuanyou, Zheng Xia became recorder-assistant at Quanzhou.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The biographical text gives the eighth year of Yuanyou, 1093, for his appointment as recorder-assistant at Quanzhou, and the profile lists the office.
  18. [18] Yuanyou party register He was entered in the Yuanyou party register.
    • CBDBZheng Xia (15296)The status entry identifies him as a person entered in the Yuanyou party register.
  19. [19] Yuanfu banishment and date variation During Yuanfu, Zheng Xia was again banished to Ying; the accounts give the first year (1098), the seventh year, or a three-year term.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The three biographical texts all describe a renewed banishment to Ying during Yuanfu but differ over the year, and one specifies a three-year period.
  20. [20] Return under Huizong and loss of office After Huizong’s accession, Zheng Xia was pardoned, restored to the Quanzhou professorship, transferred to supervise the Southern Sacred Peak Temple in Tanzhou, and then saw the appointment rescinded before the edict; Cai Jing later deprived him of office, after which he withdrew to his native place and did not return to public service.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The biographical texts jointly describe the pardon, restoration, proposed Tanzhou appointment and its rescission, followed by Cai Jing’s removal of his office and withdrawal to the countryside.
  21. [21] Chongning restoration In the fifth year of Chongning (1106), Zheng Xia was restored to the rank of Jiangshilang but did not return to office.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The biographical text gives the fifth year of Chongning, 1106, for his restoration as Jiangshilang and says that he did not return; the profile lists the title.
  22. [22] Death and age Zheng Xia died in the first year of Xuanhe at the age of seventy-nine.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)Two biographical texts give his death in the first year of Xuanhe at the age of seventy-nine.
  23. [23] Posthumous award of Chaofeng Lang In the early Shaoxi period, Guangzong posthumously awarded Zheng Xia the rank of Chaofeng Lang.
    • CBDBZheng Xia (15296)The office entry includes the title Chaofeng Lang.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The biographical text explicitly says that Guangzong posthumously awarded him Chaofeng Lang at the beginning of Shaoxi.
  24. [24] Posthumous name Jie In 1213, the sixth year of Jiading, Ningzong conferred on Zheng Xia the posthumous name Jie.
    • CBDBZheng Xia (15296)The alternate-name entry identifies Jie as his posthumous name.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The biographical text says that Ningzong conferred the posthumous name Jie in the sixth year of Jiading, 1213.
  25. [25] Family Zheng Xia’s father was Zheng Yun, his younger brother was Zheng Kan, his sons were Zheng Rushi and Zheng Pang, and his descendants included his grandson Zheng Jiazhen and great-grandson Zheng Chunnian.
    • CBDBZheng Xia (15296)The kinship entries identify Zheng Yun as father, Zheng Kan as younger brother, Zheng Rushi and Zheng Pang as sons, Zheng Jiazhen as grandson, and Zheng Chunnian as great-grandson.
  26. [26] Friends Zheng Xia’s friends included Lin Zichong, Lin Zhongjia, and You Zhongfu; You Zhongfu was described as upright, devoted to justice, and true to his word.
    • CBDBZheng Xia (15296)The association entries identify Lin Zichong, Lin Zhongjia, and You Zhongfu as friends and describe You Zhongfu as upright, justice-loving, and unfailingly true to his word.
  27. [27] Named works Works attributed to Zheng Xia include Shang cao che shu and Daqing Jushi xu.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The biographical text names Shang cao che shu and Daqing Jushi xu among Zheng Xia’s writings.
  28. [28] Xitang ji Zheng Xia’s Xitang ji consists of ten volumes.
    • CBDBZheng Xia (15296)The works entry lists Xitang ji.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The three biographical texts name Xitang ji, and one specifies that it consists of ten volumes.
  29. [29] Related poetry titles Related bibliographic titles include Xitang shichao, Xitang shiji, and Xitang ji buchao.
    • CBDBZheng Xia (15296)The works entries list Xitang shichao, Xitang shiji, and Xitang ji buchao.
  30. [30] Seven poems outside the collection A poetry compilation added seven poems outside the collection and arranged them as a separate fascicle.
    • Souyun鄭俠 (29950)The poetry-editing note says that seven poems outside the collection were gathered into one fascicle.