Quan Zuwang

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

Born into the Quan family of Yin County, he was the son of Quan Shu (全書, 1663–1738), with Quan Dacheng (全大程) as his great-grandfather, Quan Wuqi (全吾騏) as his grandfather, and Quan Zuqian (全祖謙) as his elder brother; his son was Quan Zhaode (全昭德) and his grandson Quan Suntong (全孫桐). An early prodigy, he could explain the Four Books and Five Classics at four, read the Zizhi Tongjian at seven, and studied under Dong Ci'ou (董次歐).[2]

At nineteen, he was recommended to go to the capital by the education commissioner Wang Lansheng (王蘭生), where he met Fang Bao (方苞). In 1732 he passed the Shuntian provincial examination, and Li Fu (李紱), after reading his examination paper, hailed him as the foremost successor to Shen Ning and Dong Fa. His first wife, née Zhang (張氏), died in childbirth in the eighth month of that year; in 1735 he remarried Cao (曹氏), while poverty led him to pawn twenty thousand volumes of books at Huang Jiancang’s establishment in Renhe.[3]

In 1736 he passed the metropolitan examination as the thirty-sixth candidate in the third class, received the designation “presented scholar of the same degree,” and was selected as a Hanlin Academy shuji shi. While in the Hanlin Academy, he borrowed the Yongle Dadian and copied rare books; after the completion of his academy service he declined appointment as a magistrate, returned home the following year, and devoted himself to writing and teaching. He later lectured at Jishan Academy in Zhejiang and Duanxi Academy in Guangdong; in 1742 he and fellow native Jiang Shizhi (蔣拭之) and others founded the Zhenlu Society, where they exchanged poems. In 1748 he accepted an appointment to lecture at Jishan Academy but resigned after an affront from the prefect; in 1751 he went to Duanxi Academy and returned home the following year because of illness. His friends included Hang Shijun (杭世駿), Li E (厲鶚), and Zhao Yu (趙昱), while his students included Lu Gao (盧鎬), Dong Bingchun (董秉純), and Jiang Xueyong (蔣學鏞).[4]

Strong-willed and unconventional, he was broadly learned and devoted especially to collecting documents and honoring loyal figures; he was particularly accomplished in the history of the late Song and Southern Ming, and paid close attention to the loyalists of the late Ming and the scholars of the early Qing. In 1754 he lived in Yangzhou, continuing to collate and write despite illness, and returned home in winter; he died on 9 August 1755 at the age of fifty-one, while his son Quan Zhaode also died young that year. His family sold the ten thousand volumes kept at Shuangjiu Shanfang to raise two hundred silver taels for his burial, and his tomb was at Wangjiaqiao south of the city. After his death, Dong Bingchun organized his writings, and together with Jiang Xueyong asked Hang Shijun to collate the manuscript of the Jiqiting Collection and write its preface; Hang’s original draft was lost, but Dong preserved a duplicate, which was printed in 1801.[5]

Scholarship and works

His scholarship ranged across history, the classics, poetry, and prose. The Jiqiting Collection contains a large number of inscriptions, memorials, biographies, and records concerning late-Ming loyalists and early-Qing scholars; he also spent about ten years completing the portion of the Song-Yuan Learning Cases that Huang Zongxi and Huang Baijia had left only about three-tenths to two-fifths finished.[6]

His principal works include the Jiqiting Wenji, Jiqiting Waibian, Jiqiting Shiji, Questions on the Classics and Histories, Doubts on the Geography Treatise of the Han History, Ju Yu T uyin, and the Chronological Table of General History from Antiquity to the Present; he also collated the Shuijing zhu, annotated the Kunxue jiwen, compiled the Yongshang Old Poems, and is associated with the Duyi Bielu, Gongche Zhengshi lu, Cike Zhiyan, Qian Zhongjie Gong ji, Duling ji, Cangtian lu, Yongshang Zuwang biao, Kongzi Disciples’ Name Table, and Tianyi Pavilion Stele Catalogue. He devoted particular effort to the local literature of Ningbo, searching for and copying the Qian Dao Siming Illustrated Gazetteer, the Baoqing Siming Gazetteer, the Kaiqing Siming Gazetteer, and the Yongshang Old Poems, while compiling the Ju Yu Singing-and-Responding Collection and writing the Ju Yu T uyin.[7]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 1736 翰林院庶吉士 乾隆

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
翰林院庶吉士1736乾隆

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
曾祖全大程–
祖父全吾騏–
父全書1663–1738
兄全祖謙–
子全昭德–
孫全孫桐–
表兄弟蔣學鏞–

AliasesCBDB

  • 全補 别名、曾用名
  • 十二雷茶竈 未詳
  • 孤山社 室名、別號
  • 小泉翁 未詳
  • 春草園 室名、別號
  • 榭山 室名、別號
  • 篁庵 未詳
  • 紹衣 字
  • 紹裔 字
  • 謝山 室名、別號
  • 阿補 字
  • 雙韭山房 室名、別號
  • 雙韭山民 未詳
  • 鮚埼亭 室名、別號
  • 鮚埼亭長 未詳

StatusCBDB

  • 詩人
  • 史學家
  • 經學家
  • 工於文
  • [為官者:文]
  • 思想家

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
杭世駿友–
厲鶚友–
趙昱友–
趙一清友–
陳兆崙友–
沈彤友–
馬日琯友–
葛繩先友-9999–
董元聰友-9999–
方苞被方苞欣賞/器重-9999–
楊名時被楊名時欣賞/器重-9999–
李紱被李紱欣賞/器重-9999–
丁鶴年欣賞/器重–
李昌果欣賞/器重-9999–
范鵬門人為范鵬-9999–
張炳門人為張炳-9999–
趙一清學生為趙一清1755–
盧鎬學生為盧鎬–
張炳學生為張炳–
董秉純學生為董秉純–
蔣學鏞學生為蔣學鏞–
舒璘為舒璘所著書作序–
沈光文為沈光文所著書作序-9999–
李文純為李文純所著書作序-9999–
傅山為傅山作墓誌銘1755–
祁班孫為祁班孫作墓誌銘1755–
姜宸英為姜宸英作墓誌銘1755–
厲鶚為厲鶚作墓誌銘1755–
萬經為萬經作墓誌銘1755–
顧炎武為顧炎武作墓誌銘1755–
陶正靖為陶正靖作墓誌銘1755–
李暾為李暾作墓誌銘-9999–
李文纘為李文纘作墓誌銘-9999–
陳汝登為陳汝登作墓誌銘-9999–
陳時臨為陳時臨作墓誌銘-9999–
張肯堂為張肯堂作墓誌銘–
宗誼為宗誼作墓誌銘–
李世法為李世法作墓誌銘-9999–
李景濂為李景濂作墓誌銘-9999–
董允霨為董允霨作墓誌銘-9999–
葉謙為葉謙作墓誌銘-9999–
全美閑為全美閑作墓誌銘-9999–
全美樟為全美樟作墓誌銘-9999–
錢肅樂為錢肅樂所著書作跋–
李立檟從遊者為李立檟-9999–
史可法稱道史可法之節行–
錢肅樂稱道錢肅樂之節行–
謝三賓忌/惡-9999–
張廷玉為張廷玉所忌/惡-9999–
黃定文其學由黃定文所傳-9999–
舒璘為舒璘作傳–
劉獻廷為劉獻廷作傳1755–
毛奇齡為毛奇齡作傳1755–
萬斯同為萬斯同作傳1755–
馬士英為馬士英作傳–
徐枋為徐枋作傳–
熊廷弼為熊廷弼作傳–
熊廷弼為熊廷弼作傳–
陸世儀為陸世儀作傳–
莊元辰為莊元辰作傳-9999–
沈光文為沈光文作傳-9999–
陳士京為陳士京作傳-9999–
溫璜為溫璜作傳–
熊開元為熊開元作傳–
宗顯為宗顯作傳–
胡守恆為胡守恆作傳–
范洪震為范洪震作傳-9999–
李桐為李桐作傳-9999–
陸崑為陸崑作傳-9999–
張煌言為張煌言作祭文–
蔣拭之為蔣拭之作祭文-9999–
錢肅樂為錢肅樂作祭文–
錢中盛為錢中盛作祭文-9999–
宋濂為宋濂之書、畫作跋–
趙孟頫為趙孟頫之書、畫作跋–
周容為周容之書、畫作跋-9999–
王剛父為王剛父之書、畫作跋–
史在甲為史在甲作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)-9999–
趙昱為趙昱作哀辭1755–
董秉純年譜由董秉純所作-9999–
張煌言為張煌言作年譜-9999–
萬斯選其學為萬斯選所私淑-9999–
錢際盛與錢際盛遊-9999–
王慶元其著作為王慶元所研讀-9999–
萬經為萬經作神道碑-9999–
顧炎武為顧炎武作神道碑–
邵基為邵基作神道碑-9999–
陳良謨為陳良謨作神道碑–
張煌言為張煌言作神道碑–
陳汝咸為陳汝咸作神道碑-9999–
錢肅樂為錢肅樂作神道碑-9999–
沈廷揚為沈廷揚作神道碑–
孫嘉績為孫嘉績作神道碑–
張肯堂為張肯堂作神道碑–
胡德邁為胡德邁作神道碑-9999–
王纘爵為王纘爵作神道碑-9999–
張名振為張名振作墓表–
張錫璁為張錫璁作墓表-9999–
錢廉為錢廉作墓表-9999–
林時躍為林時躍作墓表–

Showing the first 100 of 140 records; the interactive page loads the full list.

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 鄉貢舉人
貢生 = 貢監生(籠統) (明清賓貢,功貢)
科舉: 進士(籠統)第3甲第36名

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
宋元學案
讀易別錄
漢書地理志稽疑
鮚埼亭集
鮚埼亭集外編
公車徵士錄:一卷
古今通史年表
句餘土音:四卷
困學記聞三箋
國朝甬上耆舊詩
天一閣碑目(全祖望)
孔子弟子姓名表
度嶺集
水經注校正:四十卷
滄田錄
甬上族望表
經史問答:十卷撰著者
續甬上耆舊詩
詞科摭言
錢忠介公集
鮚埼亭外集:五十卷
鮚埼亭文集:三十八卷
鮚埼亭詩集:八卷
經史問答 七卷撰著者
校訂困學紀聞三箋 二十卷撰著者

Citations

  1. [1] Identity and names Quan Zuwang was a Qing-dynasty historian and man of letters, with the recorded dates, courtesy name, hao, sobriquets, native place, and studio name.
    • CBDBQuan Zuwang (30192)The basic record gives the name, dates, Qing affiliation, historian and literary status, courtesy name, hao, sobriquet, studio name, and Yin County origin.
    • Souyun全祖望 (57738)The profile and narrative supply the dates, Qing identity, names, native place, literary and historical status, and studio name.
    • WikidataQuan Zuwang (Q10891683)The entity supplies the English name, Qing-dynasty description, date values, and Latin forms of his aliases.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database全祖望 (A009843)The authority record gives his name, pronunciation, dates, dynasty, birthplace, aliases, and scholarly identity.
  2. [2] Family and early education His family relationships and early education are documented in the kinship record and biographical narrative.
    • CBDBQuan Zuwang (30192)The kinship record identifies the great-grandfather, grandfather, father, elder brother, son, and grandson.
    • Souyun全祖望 (57738)The narrative describes his early reading, prodigy reputation, study under Dong Ci'ou, and son Zhaode.
  3. [3] Examinations and marriage He entered the capital at nineteen, passed the 1732 provincial examination, and experienced the documented first marriage, remarriage, and financial hardship.
    • Souyun全祖望 (57738)The narrative records Wang Lansheng’s recommendation, Fang Bao, the 1732 examination, Li Fu’s praise, Zhang’s death in childbirth, Cao’s marriage, and the pawned books.
  4. [4] Career and teaching He passed the 1736 examination, entered the Hanlin Academy, copied rare books, declined a magistracy, returned home, lectured, founded the Zhenlu Society, and maintained the named friendships and students.
    • CBDBQuan Zuwang (30192)The examination and association records confirm the third-class rank, Hanlin appointment, named friends, and named students.
    • Souyun全祖望 (57738)The profile and narratives describe his examination, Hanlin service, rare-book copying, declined magistracy, return home, lectures, society, and students.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database全祖望 (A009843)The authority note confirms the Hanlin selection, return home, and lectures at Jishan and Duanxi.
  5. [5] Historical interests and final years His historical interests, final illness, burial, manuscript work, and posthumous printing are documented in the narratives.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database全祖望 (A009843)The authority note describes his unconventional temperament, documentary and loyalist interests, academy work, and date of death.
    • Souyun全祖望 (57738)The narratives describe his late-Song and Southern-Ming studies, Yangzhou illness, death, burial, manuscript organization, and 1801 printing.
    • CBDBQuan Zuwang (30192)The basic and association records confirm the death year, son Zhaode, Dong Bingchun, Jiang Xueyong, and Hang Shijun.
  6. [6] Scholarship His scholarship covered history, the classics, poetry, and prose, with the Jiqiting Collection and Song-Yuan Learning Cases as major historical works.
    • CBDBQuan Zuwang (30192)The records identify his poetic, historical, classical, and literary work and list the Jiqiting Collection and Song-Yuan Learning Cases.
    • Souyun全祖望 (57738)The narratives describe his historical learning, the contents of the Jiqiting Collection, and his ten-year continuation of the Song-Yuan Learning Cases.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database全祖望 (A009843)The authority note lists the Jiqiting works and his supplementation of the Song-Yuan Learning Cases.
  7. [7] Works and Ningbo literature His catalogue includes collected, annotated, and bibliographical works, and he devoted major effort to preserving Ningbo local literature.
    • CBDBQuan Zuwang (30192)The works record lists the Jiqiting collections, Questions on the Classics and Histories, Han History geography study, Ju Yu T uyin, general history table, Shuijing zhu, Kunxue jiwen, Yongshang poems, and the other associated titles.
    • Souyun全祖望 (57738)The narratives list the major collections, historical studies, Shuijing zhu, Kunxue jiwen, Yongshang poems, and Ningbo local works.