Li Jiang

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life and career

In the eighth year of the Zhenyuan era (792), under Emperor Dezong, he passed the jinshi examination and the Boxue Hongci examination, then served as a Secretariat Collator (秘書省校書郎) and Investigating Censor (監察御史);[7] early in the Yuanhe era he became a Hanlin Academician (翰林學士).[8] In 809 he was appointed chengzhi (承旨), then transferred to the Director of Merit’s Office (司勳員外郎) and the office of drafter of imperial edicts (知制誥).[9]

In 811 he became Vice Minister of Revenue (戶部侍郎), then Vice Director of the Secretariat (中書侍郎) and Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi (同中書門下平章事), entering the imperial council.[10] He made remonstrance his vocation, repeatedly urging Emperor Xianzong to appoint worthy men, accept remonstrance, eliminate abuses, and promote beneficial measures;[11] his earnest language won the emperor’s approval, and consultations with him often accorded with the requirements of policy.[12]

In 814, citing an ailment of the legs, he sought release and was made Minister of Rites (禮部尚書);[13] in 815 he was sent out as prefect of Huazhou (華州), and later served as Minister of War (兵部尚書) and Minister of Personnel (吏部尚書).[14] He also served as prefect of Huayin, Hedong, Luoyang, Zitong, and Liangzhou;[15] in 823 he became military governor of the Jiannan East Circuit, in 825 metropolitan governor of the Eastern Capital, and in 827 Grand Master of Ceremonies (太常卿).[16]

In 829, under Emperor Wenzong, he became military governor of the Shannan West Circuit, concurrently holding the inspected title of Sikong (檢校司空), and was repeatedly ennobled Duke of Zhao Commandery.[17] The military supervisor Yang Shuyuan, resentful of Li Jiang, incited recruited troops to mutiny, and Li Jiang was killed in the upheaval;[18] he died at the age of sixty-seven, was posthumously presented with the title Situ (司徒), and received the posthumous name Zhen (貞).[19]

Political outlook and literary work

Li Jiang advanced and withdrew according to a straight path and enjoyed a high reputation for a time; his hard and censorious character, however, made him hated by unrighteous men.[20] He was recognized for his prose.[21] His works include *Li Jiang's Collection on Remonstrance* (《李絳論諫集》), *Collected Works of Li Jiang* (《李絳集》), and *Collection of Discussions on Affairs* (《論事集》);[22] two of his poems survive.[23]

Li Jiang also took part in the literary exchanges of the mid-Tang scholar-official community.[24] In 823 he composed an epitaph for Wang Shao;[25] he exchanged gift poems and prose with Zhang Ji, Bai Juyi, Yu Chengxuan, Pei Du, and Cui Qun, and received poems and prose presented by Wu Yuanheng, Liu Yuxi, and Yang Sifu.[26] Bai Juyi also wrote *A Sacrificial Text for Minister Li* (《祭李司徒文》) in his memory.[27]

Family

His grandfather was Li Gang (李崗), who died in 817; his father was Li Yuanshan (李元善), and his father-in-law was Lu Zhu (盧渚).[28] His son Li Xu (李頊; 805–848) was joined in the family record by the eldest son Li Qiu (李璆) and the third son Li Zhang (李璋);[29] his grandsons were 李隱 and Li Shenwei (李慎微), and his granddaughter was Li Yin (李慇; 849–877).[30]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 805 監察御史 貞元
  2. 807 翰林學士 元和
  3. 809 承旨 元和
  4. 810 中書舍人 元和
  5. 810 司勳郎中 元和
  6. 810 承旨 元和
  7. 810 知制誥 元和
  8. 811 中書侍郎 元和
  9. 811 同中書門下平章事 元和
  10. 811 戶部侍郎 元和
  11. 814 禮部尚書 元和
  12. 815 州刺史 元和
  13. 815 州刺史 元和
  14. 819 州刺史 元和
  15. 820 兵部尚書 元和
  16. 821 吏部尚書 長慶
  17. 821 州刺史 長慶
  18. 822 州刺史 長慶
  19. 822 州刺史 長慶
  20. 823 州刺史 長慶
  21. 823 節度使 長慶
  22. 825 東都留守 寶曆
  23. 827 太常卿 大和
  24. 827 太常卿 大和
  25. 829 州刺史 大和

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
監察御史805貞元
翰林學士807元和
承旨809元和
中書舍人810元和
司勳郎中810元和
承旨810元和
知制誥810元和
中書侍郎811元和
同中書門下平章事811元和
戶部侍郎811元和
禮部尚書814元和
州刺史815816元和華陰
州刺史815元和華州
州刺史819820元和河東
兵部尚書820元和
吏部尚書821長慶
州刺史821長慶洛陽
州刺史822長慶華陰
州刺史822長慶洛陽
州刺史823825長慶梓潼
節度使823長慶劍南東川軍節度
東都留守825寶曆
太常卿827829大和
太常卿827大和
州刺史829830大和梁州
Year unknown14
OfficeEraPosting
主客員外郎Era unknownUnknown
兵部尚書Era unknownUnknown
司勲員外郎Era unknownUnknown
太子少師分司東都Era unknownUnknown
左僕射Era unknownUnknown
御史大夫Era unknownUnknown
東都留守Era unknownUnknown
知制誥Era unknownUnknown
秘書省校書郎Era unknownUnknown
節度使Era unknown興元軍節度
節度使Era unknown山南西道
縣尉Era unknown渭南
觀察使Era unknownUnknown
道節度使Era unknownUnknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
祖父李崗–817
父李元善–
岳父盧渚–
子李頊805–848
長子; 第一子李璆–
三子李璋–
孫李隱–
孫李慎微–
孫女李慇849–877

AliasesCBDB

  • 李三 行第
  • 深之 字
  • 貞 諡號

StatusCBDB

  • 詩人
  • 工於文
  • [宰相]

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
王紹為王紹作墓誌銘823–
白居易祭文由白居易所作–
張籍贈詩、文–
白居易贈詩、文–
庾承宣贈詩、文–
裴度贈詩、文–
崔羣贈詩、文–
武元衡收到武元衡的贈詩、文–
劉禹錫收到劉禹錫的贈詩、文–
楊嗣復收到楊嗣復的贈詩、文–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)
科舉制舉: 博學鴻詞/博學宏詞科

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
李絳論諫集
李絳集
論事集

Citations

  1. [1] Identity Li Jiang lived from 764 to 830 and was a Tang dynasty chancellor.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The principal record gives his name, dates, Tang affiliation, and chancellor status.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The biographical entries give his name, dates, mid-Tang setting, and senior council offices.
    • WikidataLi Jiang (Q6538859)The identity record names Li Jiang and describes him as a Tang dynasty Chinese chancellor who lived from 764 to 830.
  2. [2] Poet and prose writer Li Jiang was recognized as a poet and as skilled in prose.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The status records identify him as a poet and as skilled in prose.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The literary entry confirms that poems by Li Jiang survive.
  3. [3] Courtesy name Li Jiang’s courtesy name was Shenzhi.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The name record identifies Shenzhi as his courtesy name.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The biographical entries consistently give his courtesy name as Shenzhi.
    • WikidataLi Jiang (Q6538859)The name and courtesy-name fields both preserve Shenzhi.
  4. [4] Birth order Li Jiang was third in birth order.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The name record classifies Li San as a birth-order designation.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The biographical entry states that he was ranked third in birth order.
  5. [5] Native place and lineage Li Jiang came from Zanhuang in Zhao Prefecture and was associated by lineage with Zhao Commandery, identified with present-day Zhao County in Hebei.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The address records give Zanhuang as the basic native place and Zhao Prefecture as the ancestral place.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The biographical entries identify him with Zhao Commandery and Zanhuang, and specify the present-day location as Zhao County in Hebei.
  6. [6] Alternate style and title Li Jiang was also styled Li San and was repeatedly ennobled Duke of Zhao Commandery.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The name record gives Li San as his birth-order name.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The biographical entries list Duke of Zhao Commandery as a title and state that he was repeatedly ennobled to it.
    • WikidataLi Jiang (Q6538859)The identity record preserves the English and Chinese forms of the Zhao Commandery title.
  7. [7] Examinations and early offices In 792 Li Jiang passed the jinshi and Boxue Hongci examinations and held the offices of Secretariat Collator and Investigating Censor.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The biographical entry gives the Zhenyuan eighth year, both examinations, and the two early offices.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The examination and office records list the jinshi examination, Boxue Hongci examination, Secretariat Collator, and Investigating Censor.
  8. [8] Hanlin appointment Early in Yuanhe, Li Jiang became a Hanlin Academician.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The biographical entries state that he received the Hanlin appointment early in Yuanhe.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The office record lists Hanlin Academician beginning in the Yuanhe period.
  9. [9] Chengzhi and drafting offices In 809 Li Jiang was appointed chengzhi and then held offices connected with merit administration and drafting edicts.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The biographical entry gives the 809 chengzhi appointment and the subsequent transfers.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The office records list chengzhi, Director of Merit’s Office, and drafter of imperial edicts, with chengzhi beginning in 809 during Yuanhe.
  10. [10] Appointment to the council In 811 Li Jiang became Vice Minister of Revenue, Vice Director of the Secretariat, and Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi, entering the imperial council.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)Both biographical entries connect 811 with the Revenue, Secretariat, and council offices.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The office and status records list the three appointments as beginning in 811 during Yuanhe and identify the chancellor status.
  11. [11] Remonstrance and reform Li Jiang made remonstrance his vocation and urged Emperor Xianzong to appoint worthy men, accept remonstrance, eliminate abuses, and promote beneficial measures.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The biographical entries say that remonstrance was his charge and that he urged Xianzong to employ worthy men, receive remonstrances, and reform abuses for public benefit.
  12. [12] Imperial approval Li Jiang’s earnest language won Emperor Xianzong’s approval, and his consultations often accorded with policy needs.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The biographical entry states that his language was earnest, Xianzong approved it, and consultations with him often fitted the situation.
  13. [13] Illness and the Ministry of Rites In 814 Li Jiang sought release because of a leg ailment and was made Minister of Rites.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The biographical entries state that he sought release because of a leg ailment and in the ninth year of Yuanhe became Minister of Rites.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The office record lists Minister of Rites beginning in the ninth year of Yuanhe, or 814.
  14. [14] Huazhou and the two ministries In 815 Li Jiang was sent out as prefect of Huazhou and later served as Minister of War and Minister of Personnel.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The biographical entries state that he went out as prefect of Huazhou in 815 and later served as Minister of War and Minister of Personnel.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The office records list the Huazhou prefecture, Ministry of War, and Ministry of Personnel appointments, with the Huazhou appointment beginning in 815.
  15. [15] Other prefectures Li Jiang also served as prefect of Huayin, Hedong, Luoyang, Zitong, and Liangzhou.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The office records place him as a prefect in Huayin, Hedong, Luoyang, Zitong, and Liangzhou.
  16. [16] Circuit command, Eastern Capital, and Grand Master of Ceremonies He became military governor of the Jiannan East Circuit in 823, metropolitan governor of the Eastern Capital in 825, and Grand Master of Ceremonies in 827.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The office records date the Jiannan East military governorship to 823, the Eastern Capital governorship to 825, and Grand Master of Ceremonies to 827.
  17. [17] Shannan West and ennoblement In 829, under Wenzong, Li Jiang became military governor of the Shannan West Circuit, concurrently held the inspected title of Sikong, and was repeatedly ennobled Duke of Zhao Commandery.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The biographical entries describe the Wenzong appointment to Shannan West, the inspected Sikong title, and the Duke of Zhao Commandery; one entry dates the appointment to 829.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The office record identifies the military governorship and the Shannan West posting.
  18. [18] Mutiny and death Military supervisor Yang Shuyuan, resentful of Li Jiang, incited recruited troops to mutiny, and Li Jiang was killed in the upheaval.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The biographical entries describe his death at the hands of mutinous troops, his death during a military disturbance, and Yang Shuyuan’s role in provoking the mutiny.
  19. [19] Age and posthumous honors Li Jiang died at sixty-seven, received the posthumous title Situ, and was given the posthumous name Zhen.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The biographical entries give his age at death, posthumous title, and posthumous name.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The principal and name records preserve his death year and identify Zhen as the posthumous name.
    • WikidataLi Jiang (Q6538859)The identity record preserves the 830 death value and the posthumous name Zhen.
  20. [20] Reputation and character Li Jiang followed a straight path in office and gained a high reputation for a time, but his censorious character made him hated by unrighteous men.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The biographical entries describe his upright career, high reputation, hatred of evil, and conflict with unrighteous men.
  21. [21] Prose Li Jiang was recognized for his prose.
  22. [22] Collections Collections associated with Li Jiang include three named works.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The works fields list the three collection titles associated with Li Jiang.
  23. [23] Surviving poems Two of Li Jiang’s poems survive.
    • Souyun李絳 (15307)The literary entry states that two poems by Li Jiang survive.
  24. [24] Literary exchanges Li Jiang took part in literary exchanges among mid-Tang scholar-officials.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The association records list exchanges of gift poems and prose and received gift poems and prose, establishing his participation in this literary network.
  25. [25] Wang Shao epitaph In 823 Li Jiang composed an epitaph for Wang Shao.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The association record gives the year 823, the epitaph relationship, and Wang Shao’s name.
  26. [26] Gift poems and prose Li Jiang exchanged gift poems and prose with Zhang Ji, Bai Juyi, Yu Chengxuan, Pei Du, and Cui Qun, and received such gifts from Wu Yuanheng, Liu Yuxi, and Yang Sifu.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The association records name the five people linked by gift poems or prose and the three people whose gift poems or prose Li Jiang received.
  27. [27] Sacrificial text Bai Juyi wrote A Sacrificial Text for Minister Li for Li Jiang.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The association entry names the sacrificial text and identifies Bai Juyi as its writer.
  28. [28] Grandfather, father, and father-in-law Li Jiang’s grandfather was Li Gang, who died in 817; his father was Li Yuanshan, and his father-in-law was Lu Zhu.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The kinship records list Li Gang with an 817 death year, Li Yuanshan as father, and Lu Zhu as father-in-law.
  29. [29] Children Li Jiang’s son Li Xu lived from 805 to 848; Li Qiu was the eldest son and Li Zhang the third son.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The kinship records list Li Xu with dates 805–848 and identify Li Qiu as eldest and Li Zhang as third son.
  30. [30] Grandchildren Li Jiang’s grandsons were 李隱 and Li Shenwei, and his granddaughter was Li Yin, who lived from 849 to 877.
    • CBDBLi Jiang (32760)The kinship records list the two grandsons and granddaughter and give the granddaughter’s dates as 849–877.