Zhao Pu

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

Zhao Pu did not enter office through the civil examinations but began his career as a clerical functionary.[6] During the Xiande era of the Later Zhou he became a staff officer of Zhao Kuangyin, serving as jiedu tuiguan and zhangshuji, and took part in planning the Chenqiao mutiny that helped Zhao Kuangyin supplant the Later Zhou and establish the Song.[7] After the founding of the Song he was rewarded for his service to the founding cause with the office of you jianyi dafu and made shumi zhixueshi;[8] in the first year of Jianlong (960) he advised a swift suppression of Li Yun's rebellion and joined the campaign to Shangdang, being promoted to bingbu shilang and shumi fushi, and afterwards urged a swift suppression of Li Chongjin's rebellion.[9] In the second year of Jianlong (961), as Lady Du, mother of Emperor Taizu, lay dying, she charged Taizu to pass the throne to his younger brother and had Zhao Pu record her words.[10] In the third year of Jianlong (962) he was appointed shumi shi and jianjiao taibao.[11]

In the second year of Qiande (964) he replaced Fan Zhi as chief councillor, serving as menxia shilang, pingzhang shi and jixiandian daxueshi; in the spring of the fifth year of that era he was additionally appointed zuo puye and Zhaowenguan daxueshi.[12] Emperor Taizu regarded him as his right hand and consulted him on all matters, great and small.[13] As chief councillor he took part in formulating the major policies of the early Northern Song, such as stripping the imperial guards and the regional commands of military power, appointing civil officials as prefects, and setting up transport commissioners and controllers-general in the prefectures to concentrate political and fiscal authority, as well as the strategy of first pacifying the south and then settling the north.[14] In Taizu's later years he gradually lost favour, and in the sixth year of Kaibao (973) he was sent out as jiedu shi of Heyang sancheng and tong pingzhang shi.[15]

Under Emperor Taizong he was recalled as taizi taibao in the second year of Taiping Xingguo (977); in the sixth year (981) he was appointed situ and shizhong, enfeoffed as Duke of Liang and made chief councillor again; in the eighth year (983) he was relieved and made jiedu shi of the Wusheng army concurrently shizhong.[16] In the fourth year of Yongxi (987) he was transferred to the Shannan Dongdao military governorship, enfeoffed as Duke of Xu and concurrently zhongshu ling, and during this time he was also prefect of Xiangzhou.[17] He was afterwards appointed taibao and shizhong and became chief councillor for the third time, leaving office in the first year of Chunhua (990), when he was made administrator of the Western Capital prefecture.[18] In the spring of the third year of Chunhua (992) he was appointed taishi and permitted to retire as Duke of Wei; he died in the seventh month of the same year, aged seventy-one.[19] His biography appears in juan 256 of the Song Shi.[20]

Family and associates

Zhao Pu's father was Zhao Hui;[21] his younger brothers were Zhao Anyi (930–1005) and Zhao Gu;[22] he married Lady Wei and Lady He;[23] his sons were Zhao Cheng, Zhao Chengzong and his second son Zhao Chengxu; his great-grandson was Zhao Sigong.[24] Hou Renbao was a relative by marriage, and Zhang Bing was the husband of his niece.[25]

At court he was on close terms with Li Chongju and once recommended Xin Zhongfu;[26] Wang Jiying and Yang Ximin served as his staff retainers, while Liu Changyan and Ju Chang were among his subordinates.[27] Lei Dexiang and Feng Zan had originally been his retainers but were later pushed out by him: Lei Dexiang was struck from the register and exiled to Lingwu, and Feng Zan, whose misdeeds Zhao Pu secretly reported, was banished to Shamen Island;[28] Lei Dexiang's son Lei Youlin beat the petition drum to accuse Zhao Pu of unlawful acts, and Zhao Pu was consequently sent out to Luoyang.[29] Emperor Taizu held Dou Yi in high regard and wished to make him chief councillor, but Zhao Pu resented his uprightness and the matter came to nothing.[30] When Houmo Chen Liyong, trusting in imperial favour, acted unlawfully, Zhao Pu, after re-entering the Secretariat, investigated his offences and reported them, whereupon an edict stripped him of rank.[31] When Zhao Pu became chief councillor again, he uncovered the dealings between Lu Duoxun and Zhao Tingmei, and Emperor Taizong was furious.[32] His spirit-way stele was composed by Emperor Taizong (Zhao Jiong).[33]

Works

He was the author of the Feilong ji in one juan.[34]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 960 同知樞密院事
  2. 962 樞密使
  3. 964 同中書門下平章事
  4. 981 同中書門下平章事
  5. 987 山南東道節度使
  6. 987 知某州軍州事
  7. 988 同中書門下平章事

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
同知樞密院事960961Era unknown宋朝
樞密使962963Era unknown宋朝
同中書門下平章事964973Era unknown宋朝
同中書門下平章事981983Era unknown宋朝
山南東道節度使987Era unknown
知某州軍州事987988Era unknown襄州
同中書門下平章事988990Era unknown宋朝
Year unknown7
OfficeEraPosting
丞相Era unknownUnknown
國公Era unknown魏國
太師Era unknownUnknown
王Era unknown韓國
知西京留守司事Era unknownUnknown
節度使Era unknown建寧
開府儀同三司Era unknownUnknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
父趙迴–
姻親侯仁寶–
弟趙安易930–1005
弟趙固–
妻子魏氏(趙普妻)–
妻子和氏(趙普妻)–
姊妹夫侯仁寶–
姪女之夫張秉–
子趙承–
子趙承宗–
次子趙承煦–
曾孫; 重孫趙思恭–

AliasesCBDB

  • 則平 字
  • 忠獻 諡號
  • 韓王 封爵

StatusCBDB

  • [宰執]

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
李崇矩友991–
侯莫陳利用彈劾–
雷有鄰被雷有鄰彈劾991–
辛仲甫推薦–
侯莫陳利用反對/攻訐–
胡旦遭到胡旦的反對/攻訐–
雷有鄰遭到雷有鄰的反對/攻訐–
雷德驤排擠991–
馮瓚排擠991–
劉克莊書跋由劉克莊所作–
趙玭不合–
王繼英幕僚為王繼英–
楊希閔幕僚為楊希閔–
杜氏(趙弘殷妻)稱道杜氏(趙弘殷妻)之節行–
馮瓚忌/惡–
竇儀忌/惡–
雷德驤門客為雷德驤–
馮瓚門客為馮瓚–
雷德驤其政策被雷德驤反對/不支持–
呂餘慶同僚–
馮拯受到馮拯拜訪–
趙炅神道碑由趙炅所作991–
王禹偁被致書由王禹偁–
趙廷美陷害趙廷美–
劉昌言下屬為劉昌言–
王繼英下屬為王繼英–
鞠常下屬為鞠常–
郭昱收到郭昱所獻詩、文、書–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
胥吏出職

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
飛龍記:一卷撰著者

Citations

  1. [1] Name and dates Zhao Pu was a Northern Song politician, born in 922 and died in 992.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records his name as Zhao Pu, his birth year as 922, his death year as 992 and his dynasty as Song.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material gives his name as Zhao Pu, born in 922 and died in 992.
    • WikidataZhao Pu (Q2798287)Wikidata gives his English label as Zhao Pu, his date of birth as +0922-01-01T00:00:00Z, his date of death as +0992-01-01T00:00:00Z, the description "Song dynasty politician", and the occupation politician (Q82955).
  2. [2] Courtesy name His courtesy name was Zeping (則平).
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records his courtesy name as 則平.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material records his courtesy name as 则平.
    • WikidataZhao Pu (Q2798287)Wikidata gives his courtesy name (P1782) as 則平 and its English alias as Zeping.
  3. [3] Native place He was a native of Ji in Youzhou (present-day Beijing) who later moved his family to Luoyang.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records his former residence as Jizhou and both his registered and moved residence as Luoyang.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material states that he was a man of Ji in Youzhou (present-day Beijing) who later moved his family to Luoyang.
  4. [4] Offices He held the posts of tongzhi shumiyuan shi, shumi shi, tong zhongshu menxia pingzhang shi and jiedu shi, and was additionally appointed kaifu yitong sansi.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB lists him as holding the offices of tongzhi shumiyuan shi, shumi shi, tong zhongshu menxia pingzhang shi, jiedu shi and kaifu yitong sansi.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material likewise records his appointments as shumi shi, chief councillor and military governor.
  5. [5] Posthumous name and titles He received the posthumous name Zhongxian and held the titles Duke of Liang, Duke of Xu, Duke of Wei and King of Han.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records his posthumous name as 忠獻, his enfeoffment as 韓王, and his enfeeoffments as Duke of Wei and King of Han.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material gives his posthumous name as 忠献 and lists the enfeoffments Duke of Wei, Duke of Liang and Duke of Xu.
    • WikidataZhao Pu (Q2798287)Wikidata gives his posthumous name (P1786) as 忠獻, with Zhongxian as its English alias.
  6. [6] Entry to office He did not enter office through the civil examinations but began his career as a clerical functionary.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records his mode of entry to office as that of a clerical functionary, not through the examinations.
  7. [7] Later Zhou service and Chenqiao mutiny In the Xiande era of the Later Zhou he became a staff officer of Zhao Kuangyin, served as jiedu tuiguan and zhangshuji, and helped plan the Chenqiao mutiny that brought the Song to power.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material states that in the Xiande era of the Zhou he was taken onto Zhao Kuangyin's staff as jiedu tuiguan and zhangshuji and took part in planning the Chenqiao mutiny, helping him supplant the Zhou.
  8. [8] Early Song appointments After the founding of the Song he was rewarded with the office of you jianyi dafu and made shumi zhixueshi.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material records that after entering Song service he was given the office of you jianyi dafu for his service to the founding and made shumi zhixueshi.
  9. [9] Suppressing Li Yun and Li Chongjin In 960 he advised the swift suppression of Li Yun's revolt and joined the Shangdang campaign, being promoted to bingbu shilang and shumi fushi, and then urged the swift suppression of Li Chongjin's revolt.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material records that in the first year of Jianlong he advised the swift suppression of Li Yun's revolt, accompanied the campaign to Shangdang, was promoted to bingbu shilang and shumi fushi, and asked for the swift suppression of Li Chongjin's revolt.
  10. [10] Lady Du's deathbed charge In 961, as Lady Du, mother of Emperor Taizu, lay dying, she charged Taizu to pass the throne to his younger brother and had Zhao Pu record her words.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records that Lady Du, wife of Zhao Hongyin, on her deathbed charged Taizu to pass the throne to his younger brother and told Zhao Pu to record her words; she died in the second year of Jianlong.
  11. [11] Appointment as shumi shi In 962 he was appointed shumi shi and jianjiao taibao.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material records that in the third year of Jianlong he was appointed shumi shi and jianjiao taibao.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records his tenure as shumi shi as running from 962 to 963.
  12. [12] Appointment as chief councillor In 964 he replaced Fan Zhi as chief councillor with the offices of menxia shilang, pingzhang shi and jixiandian daxueshi, and in the spring of the fifth year of the era was additionally appointed zuo puye and Zhaowenguan daxueshi.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material records that in the second year of Qiande he replaced Fan Zhi as chief councillor, serving as menxia shilang, pingzhangshi and jixiandian daxueshi, and that in the spring of the fifth year he was additionally appointed zuo puye and Zhaowenguan daxueshi.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records his tenure as tong zhongshu menxia pingzhang shi as beginning in 964.
  13. [13] Taizu's reliance on him Emperor Taizu regarded him as his right hand and consulted him on all matters, great and small.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material records that Taizu regarded him as his right hand and consulted him on all matters without exception.
  14. [14] Policies of the early Song As chief councillor he helped shape the major policies of the early Northern Song, including removing military power from the guards and regional commands, appointing civil officials as prefects, creating transport commissioners and controllers-general to centralise political and fiscal authority, and the plan to pacify the south first and then settle the north.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material records his part in the major policy decisions of the early Northern Song, such as stripping the guards and regional commands of military power, appointing civil officials as prefects, setting up transport commissioners and controllers-general in the prefectures, and the plan to pacify the south before settling the north.
  15. [15] Sent out to Heyang In Taizu's later years he gradually lost favour, and in 973 he was sent out as jiedu shi of Heyang sancheng and tong pingzhang shi.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material records that in Taizu's later years he gradually lost favour and in the sixth year of Kaibao was sent out as jiedu shi of Heyang sancheng and tong pingzhang shi.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records that his tenure as tong zhongshu menxia pingzhang shi ended in 973.
  16. [16] Service under Taizong Under Taizong he was recalled as taizi taibao in 977, appointed situ and shizhong and enfeoffed as Duke of Liang in 981, becoming chief councillor again, and in 983 was relieved and made jiedu shi of the Wusheng army concurrently shizhong.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material records that in the second year of Taiping Xingguo he was recalled as taizi taibao, in the sixth year appointed situ and shizhong and enfeoffed as Duke of Liang, and in the eighth year relieved and made jiedu shi of the Wusheng army concurrently shizhong.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records that he held the office of tong zhongshu menxia pingzhang shi from 981 to 983.
  17. [17] Shift to Shannan Dongdao In 987 he was transferred to the Shannan Dongdao command, enfeoffed as Duke of Xu and concurrently zhongshu ling, and during this time was also prefect of Xiangzhou.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material records that in the fourth year of Yongxi he was moved to the Shannan Dongdao command, changed his enfeoffment to Duke of Xu and was made concurrently zhongshu ling.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records that he was jiedu shi of Shannan Dongdao in 987 and prefect of Xiangzhou from 987 to 988.
  18. [18] Third chancellorship and Western Capital He was afterwards appointed taibao and shizhong and became chief councillor a third time, leaving office in 990, when he was made administrator of the Western Capital prefecture.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material records that he was later appointed taibao and shizhong.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records that he again held tong zhongshu menxia pingzhang shi from 988 to 990 and that he was also administrator of the Western Capital; a further note on Liu Changyan likewise places him as defender of the Western Capital in the early Chunhua period.
  19. [19] Retirement and death In the spring of 992 he was appointed taishi and allowed to retire as Duke of Wei; he died in the seventh month of that year at the age of seventy-one.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material records that in the spring of the third year of Chunhua he was appointed taishi and retired as Duke of Wei, dying in the seventh month of that year aged seventy-one.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records that he held the office of taishi, was enfeoffed as Duke of Wei, and died in 992.
  20. [20] Biography in the Song Shi His biography appears in juan 256 of the Song Shi.
    • Souyun趙普 (29639)The biographical material notes that his biography is in juan 256 of the Song Shi.
  21. [21] Father His father was Zhao Hui.
  22. [22] Brothers His younger brothers were Zhao Anyi (930–1005) and Zhao Gu.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records his younger brothers as Zhao Anyi, who lived from 930 to 1005, and Zhao Gu.
  23. [23] Wives He married Lady Wei and Lady He.
  24. [24] Sons and descendants His sons were Zhao Cheng, Zhao Chengzong and his second son Zhao Chengxu; his great-grandson was Zhao Sigong.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records his sons as Zhao Cheng, Zhao Chengzong and his second son Zhao Chengxu, and his great-grandson as Zhao Sigong.
    • WikidataZhao Pu (Q2798287)Wikidata records three children for him (P40).
  25. [25] Relations by marriage Hou Renbao was a relative by marriage, and Zhang Bing was the husband of his niece.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records Hou Renbao as a relative by marriage and the husband of his sister, and Zhang Bing as the husband of his niece.
  26. [26] Li Chongju and Xin Zhongfu At court he was on close terms with Li Chongju and once recommended Xin Zhongfu.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records that he was on close terms with Li Chongju and that he recommended Xin Zhongfu.
  27. [27] Retainers and subordinates Wang Jiying and Yang Ximin served as his staff retainers, and Liu Changyan and Ju Chang were among his subordinates.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records Wang Jiying and Yang Ximin as his staff retainers and Liu Changyan, Wang Jiying and Ju Chang among his subordinates.
  28. [28] Lei Dexiang and Feng Zan Lei Dexiang and Feng Zan had originally been his retainers but were later pushed out by him: Lei Dexiang was struck from the register and exiled to Lingwu, and Feng Zan was banished to Shamen Island after Zhao Pu secretly reported his misdeeds.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records Lei Dexiang and Feng Zan as his retainers whom he pushed aside, Lei Dexiang being struck from the register and exiled to Lingwu and Feng Zan, whose faults he secretly reported, banished to Shamen Island.
  29. [29] Accusation by Lei Youlin Lei Dexiang's son Lei Youlin beat the petition drum to accuse Zhao Pu of unlawful acts, and Zhao Pu was consequently sent out to Luoyang.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records that Lei Youlin, believing Zhao Pu had harmed his father, beat the petition drum to accuse him of unlawful acts, and that Zhao Pu was consequently sent out to Luoyang.
  30. [30] Dou Yi Emperor Taizu esteemed Dou Yi and wished to make him chief councillor, but Zhao Pu resented his uprightness and the plan came to nothing.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records that Taizu wished to make Dou Yi chief councillor but that Zhao Pu resented Dou Yi's uprightness and the appointment did not come about.
  31. [31] Houmo Chen Liyong When Houmo Chen Liyong acted unlawfully in reliance on imperial favour, Zhao Pu, after re-entering the Secretariat, investigated and reported his offences, and an edict stripped him of rank.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records that Houmo Chen Liyong, trusting in imperial favour, became arrogant and lawless, and that when Zhao Pu re-entered the Secretariat he investigated his unlawful deeds, reported them all, and an edict was issued stripping him of rank.
  32. [32] Lu Duoxun and Zhao Tingmei When Zhao Pu became chief councillor again, he uncovered the dealings between Lu Duoxun and Zhao Tingmei, and Emperor Taizong was furious.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records that when Zhao Pu became chief councillor again he uncovered the communications between Lu Duoxun and Zhao Tingmei, at which the emperor was enraged.
  33. [33] Spirit-way stele His spirit-way stele was composed by Emperor Taizong (Zhao Jiong).
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records that his spirit-way stele was composed by Zhao Jiong, that is Emperor Taizong.
  34. [34] Works He was the author of the Feilong ji in one juan.
    • CBDBZhao Pu (8023)CBDB records him as the author of the one-juan Feilong ji.