Kou Zhun

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

In the fifth year of Taiping Xingguo (980), he passed the jinshi examination, was appointed Dali pingshi, and became magistrate of Badong in Guizhou; he was later transferred to Cheng’an in Daming. He subsequently served as assistant prefect of Yunzhou, rose to the posts of Direct Academician of the Privy Council and director of the Ministry of Personnel’s selection office, and held the offices of san si duzhi tuiguan and yantie pan’guan.[2]

He was known for fearless remonstrance; Emperor Taizong compared him to Wei Zheng. In the second year of Chunhua (991), he became Left Counsellor-in-Remonstrance and deputy privy councillor, later serving as a fellow participant in the Privy Council. He was removed to Qingzhou in the fourth year, recalled as vice chancellor in the fifth with the additional title of jishizhong, and in the second year of Zhidao (996) was sent as prefect of Dengzhou.[3]

After Zhenzong’s accession, he was transferred to Minister of Works and made acting prefect of Kaifeng; in 1003 he became Minister of War and Commissioner of the Three Financial Agencies. In 1004 he was appointed Vice Grand Councillor in the Secretariat and Grand Academician of Jixian Hall, and became chancellor.[4]

That winter, the Khitan invaded Song, causing alarm throughout the court and the country. Kou Zhun opposed the prevailing view and urged Zhenzong to lead the campaign in person; the emperor went to Chanzhou (present-day Puyang, Henan), and the resulting settlement became the Chanyuan Covenant.[5]

After the Chanyuan settlement, Wang Qinruo slandered him, and in the third year of Jingde he was removed as chancellor and made Minister of Justice and prefect of Shanzhou; he later became Minister of War and entered the Secretariat to supervise its affairs. In 1014 he returned as Vice Grand Councillor and Privy Council Commissioner, and left office the following year.[6]

In 1019 he again became Vice Grand Councillor and was appointed superintendent of Jingling Palace. In the fourth year of Tianxi, he became involved with Zhou Huaizheng’s plan to have the crown prince act as regent, bar the empress from intervening in government, and make Zhenzong Retired Emperor. After the plan became known, Ding Wei took the opportunity to bring him down: Kou Zhun was dismissed as chancellor, enfeoffed as Duke of Laiguo, and soon demoted to sima at Daozhou; in the first year of Qianxing (1022), he was demoted again, to household-tax military assessor at Leizhou.[7]

In the first year of Tiansheng (1023), he died in exile at Leizhou; accounts differ as to whether he was sixty-two or sixty-three. Eleven years later, the court restored him to Grand Tutor of the Heir Apparent and posthumously granted him the titles Zhongshu Ling and Duke of Laiguo.[8]

Family and associations

His father is named as Kou Xiang (寇湘) or Kou Xiang (寇相), while his father-in-law is variously named Xu Zhongxuan (許仲宣) or Song Wo (宋偓). Kou Sui is described both as a nephew and as an adopted heir; his sons-in-law included Wang Shu, Zhang Zigao, and Bi Qingchang, and a great-granddaughter surnamed Kou is identified as the mother of You Shimeng.[9]

He was interested in epigraphy. He was a close friend of Zhang Yong, who repeatedly corrected him to his face and did not change his manner even when Kou held high office; Wen Zhongshu was another friend.[10] He also recommended Zhao He, Li Shiheng, Liu Ping, Di Fei, Yan Su, Zheng Xifu, Wang Kai, Wang Shenrui, Qian Xi, and Chen Chong.[11]

Works

His works include *Badong ji* (three juan), *Zhongmin gong shiji* (three juan, extant), and *Kou Laigong ji* (seven juan, extant); the title *Kou Zhongmin ji* also occurs. *Kou Laigong ji* preserves five ci poems, and fifteen poems outside the collection were compiled as a fourth juan of *Zhongmin gong shiji*.[12]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 985 度支推官
  2. 991 簽書樞密院事
  3. 994 參知政事
  4. 1003 三司使
  5. 1004 同中書門下平章事
  6. 1014 樞密使
  7. 1019 同中書門下平章事

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
度支推官985986Era unknown宋朝
簽書樞密院事991993Era unknown宋朝
參知政事994996Era unknown宋朝
三司使10031003Era unknown宋朝
同中書門下平章事1004Era unknown宋朝
樞密使10141015Era unknown宋朝
同中書門下平章事1019Era unknown宋朝
Year unknown7
OfficeEraPosting
中書令Era unknownUnknown
判吏部流内銓事Era unknownUnknown
司戶參軍Era unknown雷州
國公Era unknown萊國
太傅Era unknownUnknown
樞密直學士Era unknownUnknown
知某縣事Era unknown陝縣

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
父寇湘–
父寇相–
岳父許仲宣930–990
岳父宋偓926–989
從子;姪子寇隨–
女婿王曙963–1034
女婿張子皋989–1038
女婿畢慶長–
過繼的嗣子寇隨–
曾孫女寇氏(游師孟之母)–

AliasesCBDB

  • 平仲 字
  • 忠愍 諡號

StatusCBDB

  • 好金石
  • [財政官員]
  • [宰執]

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
張詠友–
溫仲舒友1021–
趙賀推薦1021–
李士衡推薦–
劉平推薦1021–
狄棐推薦–
燕肅推薦–
鄭希甫推薦1021–
王凱推薦–
王審銳推薦1021–
錢熙推薦–
陳充推薦–
陳恕被陳恕推薦–
林特反對/攻訐–
楊徽之遭到楊徽之的反對/攻訐–
王瀚被王瀚欣賞/器重–
王嘉祐欣賞/器重–
邢昂欣賞/器重–
曹瑋與曹瑋結黨–
高瓊得到高瓊的支持–
賈同得到賈同的支持–
錢惟演遭錢惟演排擠–
范雍書序由范雍所作–
王次翁書序由王次翁所作–
王承裕書序由王承裕所作–
辛斆書序由辛斆所作–
孫抃墓誌銘由孫抃所作1021–
胡寅書跋由胡寅所作–
陸游書跋由陸游所作–
徐經孫書跋由徐經孫所作–
王承裕書跋由王承裕所作–
張遜不合–
丁謂忌/惡–
呂大臨論學–
羅從彥傳記作者為羅從彥–
王禹偁臨別得到王禹偁所作贈言(送別詩、序)–
張洎同僚–
羅彧同僚–
孫儼從孫儼學-9999–
王曙與他的交往導致王曙受牽連–
王十朋畫贊(畫像記)由王十朋所作–
李洪畫贊(畫像記)由李洪所作–
張詠被致書由張詠–
丁謂被丁謂陷害–
王欽若被王欽若陷害–
孫抃祠記由孫抃所作–
劉敞祠記由劉敞所作–
張栻祠記由張栻所作–
王十朋祠記由王十朋所作–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
寇萊公集
寇忠愍集

Citations

  1. [1] Overview The overview gives Kou Zhun’s name, disputed birth year, death year, Northern Song identity, courtesy name, native place, enfeoffment, posthumous name, and alternate designation.
    • CBDBKou Zhun (898)The main, alternate-name, address, and office fields provide Kou Zhun’s identity, dates, courtesy name, native place, Laiguo enfeoffment, and Zhongmin posthumous name.
    • Souyun寇準 (24783)The profile and biographies give his Northern Song setting, courtesy name, native place, Laigong and Laiguogong designations, Zhongmin posthumous name, and the differing birth years 961 and 962.
    • WikidataKou Zhun (Q3274619)The item supplies the English name, identifies him as a Song Dynasty chancellor, gives Pingzhong and Zhongmin, and supplies 961 and 1023 dates.
  2. [2] Early career After the jinshi examination, Kou Zhun held county, prefectural, Privy Council, personnel, and financial appointments.
    • CBDBKou Zhun (898)The examination and office fields list the jinshi degree and duzhi tuiguan office.
    • Souyun寇準 (24783)The biographies list the 980 examination, early county appointments, Yunzhou, Privy Council, personnel, duzhi, and yantie offices.
  3. [3] Taizong-era service Kou Zhun was an outspoken remonstrator and held several senior offices during the Chunhua and Zhidao periods.
    • Souyun寇準 (24783)The biographies describe his remonstrance, Taizong’s comparison with Wei Zheng, and the sequence of appointments and removals from Chunhua to Zhidao.
  4. [4] Rise under Zhenzong After Zhenzong’s accession, Kou Zhun moved through the Works, Kaifeng, War, and financial offices before becoming chancellor in 1004.
    • CBDBKou Zhun (898)The office data lists the 1003 Three Agencies commission and the 1004 Vice Grand Councillor appointment.
    • Souyun寇準 (24783)The biographies give his early Zhenzong appointments and his chancellorship in 1004.
  5. [5] Chanyuan Covenant When the Khitan invaded Song, Kou Zhun urged Zhenzong to campaign in person, leading to the Chanyuan Covenant.
    • CBDBKou Zhun (898)The association note describes support for Kou Zhun’s advance to Chanyuan.
    • Souyun寇準 (24783)The biographies describe the Khitan invasion, the call for an imperial campaign, the journey to Chanzhou, and the Chanyuan Covenant.
  6. [6] Later office and demotion After Wang Qinruo’s slander, Kou Zhun lost the chancellorship, later returned as Privy Council Commissioner, and left office again.
    • CBDBKou Zhun (898)The association and office data support Wang Qinruo’s slander and Kou Zhun’s 1014–1015 Privy Council commission.
    • Souyun寇準 (24783)The biographies describe the Jingde dismissal, later offices, and the 1014 return followed by dismissal.
  7. [7] Tianxi crisis and exile Kou Zhun returned to power in 1019, was brought down after the crown-prince regency plan, and was successively demoted to Daozhou and Leizhou.
    • CBDBKou Zhun (898)The office and association data support the 1019 return, Laiguo enfeoffment, Leizhou demotion, and Ding Wei’s role.
    • Souyun寇準 (24783)The biographies give the Tianxi regency plan, Ding Wei’s attack, the Daozhou demotion, and the 1022 Leizhou demotion.
  8. [8] Death and posthumous honors Kou Zhun died at Leizhou in 1023, with conflicting ages of sixty-two and sixty-three, and received later posthumous honors.
    • CBDBKou Zhun (898)The main and association data support the 1023 death at the Leizhou place of exile, while the office data lists the later honors.
    • Souyun寇準 (24783)The biographies give the Leizhou death, the ages sixty-two and sixty-three, and the honors eleven years later.
    • WikidataKou Zhun (Q3274619)The date claim gives a death date in 1023.
  9. [9] Family The family data gives variant names for Kou Zhun’s father and father-in-law, variant relationships for Kou Sui, and several affinal and later descendants.
    • CBDBKou Zhun (898)The kinship fields list the two father names, two father-in-law names, Kou Sui’s two relationships, three sons-in-law, and the great-granddaughter identified as You Shimeng’s mother.
  10. [10] Epigraphy and friendships Kou Zhun was interested in epigraphy and maintained friendships with Zhang Yong and Wen Zhongshu; Zhang Yong openly corrected him.
    • CBDBKou Zhun (898)The status and association fields list his interest in epigraphy, Zhang Yong and Wen Zhongshu as friends, and Zhang Yong’s frank corrections.
  11. [11] Recommendations Kou Zhun recommended ten named individuals: Zhao He, Li Shiheng, Liu Ping, Di Fei, Yan Su, Zheng Xifu, Wang Kai, Wang Shenrui, Qian Xi, and Chen Chong.
    • CBDBKou Zhun (898)The association fields identify all ten people as recommended by Kou Zhun.
  12. [12] Works and poetry Kou Zhun’s works include three named collections, five surviving ci poems, and fifteen poems compiled outside the collection.
    • CBDBKou Zhun (898)The works fields list Kou Laigong ji and Kou Zhongmin ji.
    • Souyun寇準 (24783)The literary entries give the collection titles, juan counts, extant status, five ci poems, and fifteen poems compiled as a fourth juan.