Zhi Dalun

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公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life and career

His great-grandfather was 支立, his grandfather was 支高, his father was 支祿, and his mother was 顧氏.[3] His elder brothers were 支大緒, 支大烈, and 支大經; his younger brother was 支可大, and his wife was 嚴氏.[4]

His educational and examination record includes the status of shengyuan, the xianggong juren qualification, and the jinshi degree.[5] In 1574, the second year of the Wanli reign, he passed as a jinshi in the third class, 183rd place.[6]

After serving provisionally in the Xicao (西曹), he was appointed professor at the Nanchang Prefecture School.[7] In 1576, the fourth year of the Wanli reign, he became judicial officer of Quanzhou Prefecture; the following year, in the Hong Chaoxuan case, he was demoted to liwen in the Jiangxi Provincial Administration.[8]

Seven years later, he was appointed to the Jiangxi provincial staff and became magistrate of Fengxin. After again falling out with his superiors, he turned back and withdrew from office, living in retirement and writing.[9]

During his Xicao service, when Jiangling held power, white swallows and red lotuses were presented as auspicious omens. Dalun protested that high officials should not call them auspicious, arguing that the white swallow presaged warfare and that a lotus blooming out of season was a “grass demon.”[10] When the minister Hong Chaoxuan incurred Jiangling’s displeasure and faced prosecution, Dalun wrote a letter setting out the principles of Heaven and human affairs and opposing the wrongful killing of a high official to curry favor; Jiangling’s resentment deepened, and Dalun was dismissed.[11]

He was a friend of Yuan Huang, and the two were known together as “支袁”; he was also a friend of Xu Shang.[12]

Works and posthumous name

His works included 《世穆兩朝編年史》 and 《華平先生集》.[13] The latter is in forty juan with a one-juan appendix and also appears under the title 《華苹集》.[14] He also compiled 《永昭兩陵史》, 《屯餘》, and 《耕餘》, and the Huaping collection circulated.[15]

He died in 1604, the thirty-second year of the Wanli reign, at the age of seventy-one.[16] His disciples privately bestowed on him the posthumous title Wenjie Xiansheng (“文介先生”).[17]

Office recordsCBDB

Year unknown4
OfficeEraPosting
布政司理問萬曆江西布政司
府學教授萬曆南昌府
府推官萬曆泉州府
知縣萬曆奉新

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
曾祖支立–
祖父支高–
父支祿–
母顧氏(支大綸母)–
兄支大緒–
兄支大烈–
兄支大經–
弟支可大–
妻子嚴氏(支大綸妻)–

AliasesCBDB

  • 四 行第
  • 心易 字
  • 華平 室名、別號

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
袁黃友–
徐賞友–
溫純為溫純所著書作序–
鄒廸光書序由鄒廸光所作–
卞錫為卞錫作傳–
練子寧為練子寧作祭文–
張居正為張居正作祭文–
楊成為楊成作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
吳桂芳為吳桂芳作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
孫旬為孫旬作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
徐用檢為徐用檢作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
徐用檢為徐用檢作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
陳蕖為陳蕖作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
馮夢禎致書馮夢禎–
馮夢禎致書馮夢禎–
鄒元標致書鄒元標–
鄒元標致書鄒元標–
沈思孝致書沈思孝–
袁黃致書袁黃–
畢鏘致書畢鏘–
吳桂芳致書吳桂芳–
蔡國珍致書蔡國珍–
蔡國珍致書蔡國珍–
蔡國珍致書蔡國珍–
蔡國珍致書蔡國珍–
李材致書李材–
蕭廩致書蕭廩–
王希元致書王希元–
孫繼臯致書孫繼臯–
常居敬致書常居敬–
馮孜致書馮孜–
馮孜致書馮孜–
馮孜致書馮孜–
劉弘道致書劉弘道–
劉弘道致書劉弘道–
魏允貞致書魏允貞–
魏允貞致書魏允貞–
羅萬化致書羅萬化–
羅萬化致書羅萬化–
袁黃答袁黃書–
吳桂芳答吳桂芳書–
吳桂芳答吳桂芳書–
陳道基答陳道基書–
陳道基答陳道基書–
盧奇答盧奇書–
鄭得書答鄭得書書–
鄭得書答鄭得書書–
丁賓收到丁賓的答書–
周憲為周憲作祠記–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)第三甲第一百八十三名
科舉: 鄉貢舉人
學校: 生員(庠生)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
支華平先生集:四十卷,附錄一卷

Citations

  1. [1] Identity and life dates Zhi Dalun was a Ming-dynasty jinshi degree holder and official who lived from 1534 to 1604.
    • CBDBZhi Dalun (126943)The basic record gives the English name and Ming affiliation, while the examination and office entries establish the jinshi degree and official career.
    • Souyun支大綸 (46504)The profile and biography give the 1534–1604 life span, Ming period, jinshi status, and official posts.
    • WikidataZhi Dalun (Q45605182)The English entity label gives Zhi Dalun, and its description identifies him as a Ming dynasty person.
  2. [2] Names, birth order, and hometown His courtesy name was Xinyi, his sobriquet Huaping, his birth-order designation was Si (“Fourth”), and he was from Jiashan in Zhejiang.
    • CBDBZhi Dalun (126943)The alternative-name entries give Si, Xinyi, and Huaping, and the address entries identify Jiashan as the basic native place.
    • Souyun支大綸 (46504)The profile and biographies give the courtesy name, sobriquet, and Zhejiang Jiashan origin.
    • WikidataZhi Dalun (Q45605182)The name and claim entries confirm Xinyi and Huaping.
  3. [3] Direct family His great-grandfather was 支立, his grandfather was 支高, his father was 支祿, and his mother was 顧氏.
    • CBDBZhi Dalun (126943)The family entries list 支立, 支高, 支祿, and 顧氏 as the great-grandfather, grandfather, father, and mother.
    • Souyun支大綸 (46504)The biographical text calls him a great-grandson of 支立.
  4. [4] Siblings and wife His elder brothers were 支大緒, 支大烈, and 支大經; his younger brother was 支可大, and his wife was 嚴氏.
    • CBDBZhi Dalun (126943)The family entries list three elder brothers, one younger brother, and a wife named 嚴氏.
  5. [5] Educational record His educational and examination record includes shengyuan, xianggong juren, and jinshi statuses.
    • CBDBZhi Dalun (126943)The examination and school entries list jinshi, xianggong juren, and shengyuan statuses.
  6. [6] Jinshi examination He passed the jinshi examination in 1574, ranking 183rd in the third class.
    • CBDBZhi Dalun (126943)The examination and examination-record entries give the third-class, 183rd-place ranking.
    • Souyun支大綸 (46504)The introduction and biography give the Wanli second year, 1574, and the jinshi qualification.
  7. [7] Initial appointment After provisional service in the Xicao, he was appointed professor at the Nanchang Prefecture School.
    • CBDBZhi Dalun (126943)The office entries give a professorship at the Nanchang Prefecture School.
    • Souyun支大綸 (46504)The biographical texts describe his provisional Xicao service and appointment as Nanchang professor.
  8. [8] Quanzhou and Jiangxi offices In 1576 he became a Quanzhou judicial officer, and the following year he was demoted to liwen in the Jiangxi Provincial Administration because of the Hong Chaoxuan case.
    • CBDBZhi Dalun (126943)The office entries list the Quanzhou judicial post in Wanli year four and the Jiangxi liwen post.
    • Souyun支大綸 (46504)The biographical texts give the 1576 transfer, the following-year demotion, and its connection with the Hong Chaoxuan case.
  9. [9] Fengxin and retirement Seven years later he joined the Jiangxi provincial staff and became magistrate of Fengxin; after a conflict with his superiors he returned and retired to write.
    • CBDBZhi Dalun (126943)The office entries list the Jiangxi provincial liwen post and the Fengxin magistracy in Wanli year thirteen.
    • Souyun支大綸 (46504)The biographical texts describe the seven-year interval, appointment to the Jiangxi staff and Fengxin, his conflict with superiors, and his retirement to write.
  10. [10] Remonstrance on omens He opposed treating the white swallow and red lotuses as auspicious, interpreting the swallow as a military omen and an untimely lotus as a “grass demon.”
    • Souyun支大綸 (46504)The biographical narrative describes Jiangling’s presentation of the omens and Dalun’s remonstrance about their political and military significance.
  11. [11] Hong Chaoxuan case When Hong Chaoxuan incurred Jiangling’s displeasure, Dalun argued against killing a senior official to curry favor and was dismissed after Jiangling’s resentment deepened.
    • Souyun支大綸 (46504)The narrative recounts Hong Chaoxuan’s danger, Dalun’s letter on Heaven and human affairs, his opposition to a wrongful killing, and his dismissal.
  12. [12] Friendship with Yuan Huang and Xu Shang Zhi Dalun was a friend of Yuan Huang and Xu Shang; he and Yuan Huang were known together as “支袁.”
    • CBDBZhi Dalun (126943)The association entries identify Yuan Huang and Xu Shang as friends.
    • Souyun支大綸 (46504)The biography says that he and Yuan Huang were known as 支袁.
  13. [13] Works His works included Shimu liangchao biannian shi and Huaping xiansheng ji.
    • CBDBZhi Dalun (126943)The text entry gives 支華平先生集 in forty juan with an appendix.
    • Souyun支大綸 (46504)The introduction lists 世穆兩朝編年史 and 華平先生集 among his works.
  14. [14] Collection title and extent Huaping xiansheng ji is given as forty juan with a one-juan appendix and also appears under the title Huaping ji written 華苹集.
    • CBDBZhi Dalun (126943)The text entry specifies forty juan and an appendix of one juan.
    • Souyun支大綸 (46504)Another biographical text gives the collection title as 華苹集.
  15. [15] Compiled works He also compiled Yongzhao liangling shi, Tunyu, and Gengyu, and the Huaping collection circulated.
    • Souyun支大綸 (46504)The narrative lists the compilations 永昭兩陵史、屯餘、耕餘 and says that the Huaping collection circulated.
  16. [16] Death He died in 1604, in the thirty-second year of the Wanli reign, at the age of seventy-one.
    • Souyun支大綸 (46504)The profile and biographies give the Wanli thirty-second year, 1604, and age seventy-one.
  17. [17] Posthumous name His disciples privately bestowed the posthumous name Wenjie Xiansheng.
    • Souyun支大綸 (46504)The profile and biographies identify 文介先生 as a private posthumous title bestowed by his disciples.