[1]Name, dates, and identityWang Qiao lived from 1521 to 1599 and is identified as a Ming civil official and scholar of the classics.
CBDBWang Qiao (34720)The person record gives Wang Qiao's name and dates, identifies him with the Ming, and classifies him as a civil official and classicist.
Souyun王樵 (51130)The profile and biographical text give his name, life dates, and Ming identity, together with his official and scholarly career.
WikidataWang Qiao (Q45427488)The entity record labels him Wang Qiao, describes him as a Ming-dynasty person, and supplies the 1521 and 1599 year values.
[2]Courtesy names, style name, birth order, posthumous name, and birthplaceHis courtesy name appears as Mingyuan and Mingyi, while Fanglu is his hao, Jiu marks his birth order, and Gongjian is his posthumous name; he came from Jintan County in Zhenjiang Prefecture, Zhili.
CBDBWang Qiao (34720)The name fields give the forms Mingyuan, Mingyi, Fanglu, Jiu, and Gongjian, and the address field identifies Jintan as his native place.
Souyun王樵 (51130)The two biographical passages use the differing courtesy-name forms Mingyuan and Mingyi and place him in Jintan County, Zhenjiang Prefecture, Zhili.
WikidataWang Qiao (Q45427488)The entity's English and Chinese name lists preserve the corresponding forms Fanglu, Gongjian, Mingyuan, and Mingyi, while the named claims classify them as courtesy, style, and posthumous names.
[3]Parents and ancestorsHis father was Wang Nie, his grandfather Wang Han, his great-grandfather Wang Zhen, and his mother was from the Yu family; Wang Nie's recorded dates are 1477–1553.
CBDBWang Qiao (34720)The kinship fields identify Wang Nie and his dates, Wang Han, Wang Zhen, and Yu-shi as father, grandfather, great-grandfather, and mother respectively.
[4]Elder brothersHe had eight elder brothers: Wang 黯, Wang 然, Wang 燾, Wang 點, Wang 烋, Wang 熙, Wang 烝, and Wang 傑.
CBDBWang Qiao (34720)The kinship fields list Wang 黯, Wang 然, Wang 燾, Wang 點, Wang 烋, Wang 熙, Wang 烝, and Wang 傑 as elder brothers.
[5]Younger brothers, wife, and sonHe had four younger brothers, a wife from the Yu family, and a son, Wang Kentang, born in 1552.
CBDBWang Qiao (34720)The kinship fields list four younger brothers, Yu-shi as wife, and Wang Kentang as son, with Wang Kentang's birth year given as 1552.
[6]Examination resultsWang Qiao ranked 67th in the Yingtian prefectural examination and, in 1547, 224th in the Dingwei metropolitan examination before taking fifteenth place in the third class of the jinshi; the examination classifications differ between the structured entries and the biographical text.
CBDBWang Qiao (34720)The examination entries supply the ranks 224, 67, and third class fifteenth place, but place 224 under provincial-degree examination and 67 under the student record rather than using the biography's classifications.
Souyun王樵 (51130)The biographical passage identifies 67th place in the Yingtian examination and, in 1547, 224th place in the Dingwei metropolitan examination and third-class fifteenth-place jinshi.
[7]Early officesHe entered service through the Bureau of Travelers, served as an assistant director in the Ministry of Justice's Yunnan Office, and became a vice commissioner in Shandong before returning home because of illness.
CBDBWang Qiao (34720)The office field gives the Yunnan Office assistant-director post, the associated place is Yunnan, and the status field records retirement or dismissal because of illness.
Souyun王樵 (51130)The biographical passages record appointment as an official of the Bureau of Travelers, service as a Ministry of Justice assistant director, the Shandong vice-commissioner post, and return because of illness.
[8]Zhang Juzheng's recommendationAt the beginning of the Wanli reign, Zhang Juzheng was chief grand secretary, recognized Wang Qiao's ability, recommended him, and secured his appointment in Zhejiang followed by promotion in the Office of the Imperial Seals.
CBDBWang Qiao (34720)The association field identifies Zhang Juzheng as the person who recommended Wang Qiao, while the office fields give the two Office of the Imperial Seals posts.
Souyun王樵 (51130)The biographical passages say that Zhang Juzheng recognized his ability, used him as a Zhejiang vice commissioner, promoted him in the Office of the Imperial Seals, and was chief grand secretary at the time.
[9]Conflict with Zhang JuzhengAfter asking that officials who opposed Zhang Juzheng's return to office during mourning not be punished, Wang Qiao offended Zhang, was sent to the Nanjing Court of State Ceremonial, and was soon dismissed.
Souyun王樵 (51130)The biographical passages connect his request not to punish the officials opposing Zhang's return during mourning with the ensuing conflict, Nanjing ceremonial appointment, and dismissal.
CBDBWang Qiao (34720)The office record gives the Court of State Ceremonial presidency and locates the appointment in Nanjing.
[10]Later officesAfter returning to office, he held the Nanjing Judicial Court presidency in Wanli 20, the Nanjing Ministry of Justice vice-ministership in Wanli 21, and the vice-censor-in-chief post in Wanli 23.
CBDBWang Qiao (34720)The office fields assign the Nanjing Judicial Court, Nanjing Ministry of Justice, and vice-censor-in-chief posts to Wanli years 20, 21, and 23 respectively.
Souyun王樵 (51130)The biographical passage confirms his later return to office and rise to vice censor-in-chief.
[11]RetirementThe censor Lu Dazhong impeached him as aged, after which the Wanli emperor ordered his retirement.
Souyun王樵 (51130)The biographical passage names Lu Dazhong, gives the charge of old age, and says that the Wanli emperor ordered Wang Qiao to retire.
[12]Posthumous honorsAfter his death, he was granted the rank of Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent and received the posthumous name Gongjian.
Souyun王樵 (51130)The biographical passage records the posthumous grant of Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent and the posthumous name Gongjian.
CBDBWang Qiao (34720)The name fields identify Gongjian as a posthumous name.
WikidataWang Qiao (Q45427488)The entity data lists Gongjian and assigns it to the posthumous-name property.
[13]Classical learning and legal scholarshipHe was identified as a classicist specializing in Spring and Autumn learning; while serving in the Ministry of Justice, he wrote Notes on Private Annotations to the Statutes, characterized as precise and rigorous.
CBDBWang Qiao (34720)The status fields identify him as a classicist and a Spring and Autumn scholar, while the office field places him in the Ministry of Justice.
Souyun王樵 (51130)The biographical passage links his Ministry of Justice service with Notes on Private Annotations to the Statutes and describes the work as precise and rigorous.
[14]WorksHis works include Fanglu Jushi ji; the listed authored titles include Shangshu riji in sixteen juan and Chunqiu jizhuan in thirteen juan, with one juan of Zongzhi and two of Fanli; Fanglu ji is also listed among the associated titles.
CBDBWang Qiao (34720)The works fields list Fanglu ji and Fanglu Jushi ji, and identify Shangshu riji and Chunqiu jizhuan with their stated juan counts as authored works.
Souyun王樵 (51130)The biographical passage names Fanglu Jushi ji among his works.
[15]Biographical and prefatory writingHis documented literary work included writing a biography of Yang Jisheng and a preface to a book by Chen Hou.
CBDBWang Qiao (34720)The association fields identify Chen Hou as the author whose book received Wang Qiao's preface and Yang Jisheng as the subject of his biography.