Zhou Zizhi

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

Born into poverty, he studied diligently. He sat the Ministry of Rites examination twice in his early years but failed both times; in 1127, the first year of Jianyan, he answered an imperial summons by submitting a memorial.[3]

In 1142, the twelfth year of Shaoxing, he passed the jinshi examination, placed third in the palace examination, and entered official life at the age of sixty-one. An examination entry confirms his jinshi status but gives 1112 as the indexed year, conflicting with 1142.[4]

In 1145, as a Di Gong Lang, he served in the jia-ge offices of the Ministries of Rites and War. In 1147, as a Chengyi Lang, he became a redactor in the Office for Revising Regulations and an editor in the Privy Council; he was soon promoted to Right Xuanjiao Lang and concurrently appointed an editor in the Institute for Veritable Records.[5]

His offices also included Auxiliary Officer in the Right Department of the Secretariat and Reviewing Editor in the Institute for Veritable Records. The date of his appointment as prefect of Xingguo Army is disputed: one account places it in Shaoxing 21 (1153), while another gives a term from 1157 to 1160. His administration favored simplicity and quiet.[6]

After completing his term, he retired under a shrine appointment or sought retirement, settled at Mount Lu in Jiujiang, and spent his final years there. His death is variously placed at the end of Shaoxing, around 1155, or left unknown; the first account says that he was nearly eighty.[7]

Zhou wrote prefaces for works by Wang Anzhong, Zhao Gou, Wang Xiangru, and Liu Jing. The Taicang Timi Collection had prefaces by Tang Wenruo and Chen Tianlin, and Zhou was also a member of a poetry society with Lei Feiqing, Zhang Yuanming, and Luo Zhong.[8]

Poetry and works

Zhou wrote poetry and ci verse, admired Mei Yaochen and Su Shi, and argued that poetic composition should first observe strict tonal patterns and only then attend to syntax; he was described as a later force in the Su–Huang literary lineage.[9]

Many poems in his collection flatter Qin Hui and his son, leading to the condemnation that he was “old and shameless, a stain upon the annals.”[10]

His works include the seventy-juan Taicang Timi Collection, whose title derives from Huang Tingjian’s words “Writing is truly but a single grain of millet in the great granary”; the title is also found as Taicang Timi written with a different Chinese character. Other works include Shiyan in one juan, Ancient and Modern Songs of Various Masters in thirty juan, Mao Shi Jieyi, and the three-juan Zhupo ci collection, also found under the title Zhupo Laoren ci. His poetry treatise appears as Zhupo Shihua in one juan and also as Zhupo Laoren Shihua in three juan.[11]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 1151 右宣教郎
  2. 1151 實錄院檢討官
  3. 1157 知某軍事

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
右宣教郎1151Era unknown
實錄院檢討官11511153Era unknown
知某軍事11571160Era unknown興國軍
Year unknown1
OfficeEraPosting
尚書省右司員外郎Era unknownUnknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
父周F–

AliasesCBDB

  • 少隱 字
  • 竹坡居士 室名、別號

StatusCBDB

  • [為官者：文]

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
王安中為王安中所著書作序1172–
趙構為趙構所著書作序–
王相如為王相如所著書作序–
王相如為王相如所著書作序–
劉涇為劉涇所著書作序–
唐文若書序由唐文若所作–
陳天麟書序由陳天麟所作–
錢燮為錢燮作墓誌銘–
章元任為章元任作墓誌銘–
方懋德為方懋德作墓誌銘–
章夏為章夏作墓誌銘–
馮元補為馮元補作墓誌銘–
陳造書跋由陳造所作–
方回書跋由方回所作–
晁補之為晁補之所著書作跋–
張舜民為張舜民所著書作跋–
竇禹鈞為竇禹鈞所著書作跋–
梅堯臣為梅堯臣所著書作跋–
黃庭堅為黃庭堅所著書作跋–
陳瓘為陳瓘所著書作跋–
范仲淹為范仲淹所著書作跋–
竇偁為竇偁所著書作跋–
洪芻為洪芻所著書作跋–
洪芻為洪芻所著書作跋–
呂本中為呂本中所著書作跋–
韓駒為韓駒所著書作跋–
王庭珪為王庭珪所著書作跋–
張耒為張耒所著書作跋–
李廌為李廌所著書作跋–
張賁為張賁所著書作跋–
雷飛卿詩社成員1151–
張元明詩社成員1151–
羅仲詩社成員1151–
李公麟為李公麟之書、畫作跋–
王相如為王相如作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
王相如為王相如作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
詹友端為詹友端作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
李光為李光作佛寺記–
司馬光為司馬光作畫贊(畫像記)–
蘇軾為蘇軾作畫贊(畫像記)–
尹焞為尹焞作畫贊(畫像記)–
李公麟為李公麟作畫贊(畫像記)–
李公麟為李公麟作畫贊(畫像記)–
蘇庠為蘇庠作畫贊(畫像記)–
李之儀致書李之儀–
翟汝文致書翟汝文–
釋宗演贈詩、文–
晁補之題晁補之的書帖–
呂本中題呂本中的書帖–
席益為席益之建築物題詠、記、命名–
席益為席益之建築物題詠、記、命名–
歐陽修評論歐陽修之著作–
蘇軾評論蘇軾之著作–
方回著作被方回評論–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
竹坡老人詩話
詩讞
太倉稊米集
竹坡老人詞
毛詩解義
竹坡詩話

Citations

  1. [1] Life dates and identity The biographical texts give a birth year of 1082 and differing accounts of his death, while identifying him as a poet and official.
    • Souyun周紫芝 (25008)The three biographical texts provide his 1082 birth year, differing death-date accounts, poetic activity, and official career.
    • WikidataZhou Zizhi (Q10920939)The entity description identifies Zhou Zizhi as a Song-dynasty poet.
    • CBDBZhou Zizhi (14228)The status entry identifies him as a civil official.
  2. [2] Names and origin The profile and biographical texts provide his courtesy name, sobriquets, and origin in Xuancheng, Xuanzhou.
    • Souyun周紫芝 (25008)The profile lists the sobriquets Zhupo, Shaoyin, Zhupo Jushi, Jingguan Laoren, Yinguan Zhuren, Shaoyun, and Jingji Laoweng, and gives Xuancheng in Xuanzhou as his hometown; the biographical texts provide the corresponding name and place forms.
    • CBDBZhou Zizhi (14228)The basic record gives Shaoyin as his courtesy name, Zhupo Jushi as his sobriquet, and Xuancheng as his ancestral place.
  3. [3] Early examinations He studied despite poverty, failed two early Ministry of Rites examinations, and submitted a memorial in response to an imperial summons in 1127.
    • Souyun周紫芝 (25008)The biographical texts describe his poverty and diligent study, two unsuccessful Ministry of Rites examinations, and his memorial in the first year of Jianyan.
  4. [4] Jinshi examination He passed in Shaoxing 12 (1142), ranked third in the palace examination, and was sixty-one when he entered official life. The examination data confirms his jinshi status but gives a conflicting indexed year of 1112.
    • Souyun周紫芝 (25008)The biographical texts place his jinshi success in Shaoxing 12 (1142), state that he ranked third in the palace examination, and give his age as sixty-one.
    • CBDBZhou Zizhi (14228)The examination entry confirms the jinshi qualification, while the indexed year is 1112 rather than 1142.
  5. [5] Official career The biographical account gives his appointments in 1145 and 1147, and the profile lists the corresponding titles.
    • Souyun周紫芝 (25008)The biographical text sets out his 1145 and 1147 appointments, and the title list supplies the corresponding offices and ranks.
  6. [6] Later office and retirement His other offices, the conflicting dates for the Xingguo Army appointment, his quiet administration, retirement, residence at Mount Lu, and differing death accounts are all preserved in the evidence.
    • Souyun周紫芝 (25008)The biographical texts provide the Right Department, Veritable Records, Xingguo, and quiet-administration details, with the Shaoxing chronology.
    • CBDBZhou Zizhi (14228)The office data lists the relevant offices and places the Xingguo Army term in 1157–1160, creating the stated chronological discrepancy.
  7. [7] Retirement and death After office he retired or sought retirement, lived at Mount Lu in Jiujiang, and died either around the end of Shaoxing or at an uncertain date; one account places his age near eighty.
    • Souyun周紫芝 (25008)The biographical texts describe his shrine-retirement or request for retirement, residence at Jiujiang and Mount Lu, and the differing death-date and age accounts.
  8. [8] Literary associations The association data records his prefaces for works by four figures, prefaces to his collection by two writers, and membership with three poetry-society colleagues.
    • CBDBZhou Zizhi (14228)The association data identifies the people for whom he wrote prefaces, the writers of prefaces to the Taicang Timi Collection, and the three poetry-society members.
  9. [9] Poetics The evidence describes his poetic and ci writing, his admiration for Mei Yaochen and Su Shi, his metrical principle, and his place in the Su-Huang lineage.
    • Souyun周紫芝 (25008)The biographical text says that he wrote poetry, admired Mei Yaochen and Su Shi, emphasized strict tonal patterns before syntax, and was a later force in the Su-Huang lineage.
    • WikidataZhou Zizhi (Q10920939)The entity description identifies him as a Song-dynasty poet.
  10. [10] Critical reception A biographical text links poems flattering Qin Hui and his son to the condemnation translated here as “old and shameless, a stain upon the annals.”
    • Souyun周紫芝 (25008)The biographical text attributes the condemnation to the poems flattering Qin Hui and his son, and gives the original Chinese wording translated in the article.
  11. [11] Works The evidence gives the seventy-juan Taicang Timi Collection and its Huang Tingjian-derived title, the alternate title form, and the other poetry, ci, and poetry-treatise titles with their differing juan counts.
    • Souyun周紫芝 (25008)The biographical texts provide the alternate Taicang title forms, seventy-juan count, Huang Tingjian quotation, and the other works and juan counts.
    • CBDBZhou Zizhi (14228)The works list supplies the titles Zhupo Laoren Shihua, Shiyan, Taicang Timi Collection, Zhupo Laoren ci, Mao Shi Jieyi, and Zhupo Shihua.