Fang Mengshi

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Biography

She was the daughter of Fang Dazhen (方大鎮)[5] and the granddaughter of Fang Xuejian (方學漸)[6]; her younger brother was the vice minister of war Fang Kongzhao (方孔炤)[7], and her younger sisters were Fang Weiyi (方維儀) and Fang Weize (方維則)[8]. Her husband was Zhang Bingwen (張秉文), a Shandong provincial administration commissioner[9]; her daughter was Zhang Demao (張德茂)[10]. Fang Yizhi (方以智) was her nephew[11], and Fang Zhongfa (方中發) her grandnephew[12].

In the twelfth year of the Chongzhen reign, Zhang Bingwen defended Jinan against Qing forces and died on the city wall[13]. On hearing the news, Fang Mengshi threw herself into a pool and died[14] at Jinan[15]. She was posthumously granted the title First-rank Lady for following her husband in death[16].

Poetry, Painting, and Works

She was well versed in poetry and classical learning[17]. She was skilled in painting, especially in images of Guanyin[18], and was a poet with a collected volume[19]. Her works include 紉蘭閣集[20] and 紉蘭閣詩集[21]; their stated lengths are eight and fourteen juan, respectively[22]. Associated prefaces were written by Fang Weiyi (方維儀), Zhang Bingwen (張秉文), Fang Kongzhao (方孔炤), Zheng Shi (鄭氏), Wu Huijing (吳慧鏡), Wu Yingbin (吳應賓), Lu Menglong (陸夢龍), Zheng Shi (孫門), and Zhang Ying (張英); Jiang Bingyong (蔣秉雍) wrote a postscript[23].

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
祖父方學漸1539–1615
父方大鎮1558–1628
弟方孔炤–
丈夫張秉文–1639
妹方維儀1585–1668
妹方維則1585–1668
女兒張德茂–
從子;姪子方以智1611–1671
姪孫;從孫方中發1639–1731

AliasesCBDB

  • 如耀 字

StatusCBDB

  • 畫家
  • 詩人

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
方維儀書序由方維儀所作–
張秉文書序由張秉文所作–
方孔炤書序由方孔炤所作–
鄭氏書序由鄭氏所作–
吳慧鏡書序由吳慧鏡所作–
吳應賓書序由吳應賓所作–
陸夢龍書序由陸夢龍所作–
鄭氏(孫門)書序由鄭氏(孫門)所作–
張英書序由張英所作–
蔣秉雍書跋由蔣秉雍所作–

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
紉蘭閣詩集:十四卷
紉蘭閣集:八卷

Citations

  1. [1] Name and dates Fang Mengshi's name and death year are consistent across the evidence; one source gives 1584 as her birth year, while another leaves the birth year unspecified, so the distinction is retained in the text.
    • CBDBFang Mengshi (54981)The basic record names Fang Mengshi and gives her birth year as 1584 and death year as 1639, with the index year identified as based on her birth year.
    • Souyun方孟式 (46580)The biographical entry names her and gives 1639 as the death year, while its biographical dates read “?—1639,” leaving the birth year unknown.
    • WikidataFang Mengshi (Q45444375)The person item gives the English name Fang Mengshi and date statements for 1584 and 1639.
  2. [2] Period and occupations Fang Mengshi is identified as a woman of the Ming period and as both a poet and a painter; the period is also described elsewhere as the late Ming and early Qing, a difference reflected in the source descriptions rather than resolved in the text.
    • CBDBFang Mengshi (54981)The basic record identifies her as a Ming woman and classifies her as a painter and poet.
    • Souyun方孟式 (46580)The profile calls the period late Ming and early Qing, while the biographical text begins by identifying her as Ming and explicitly describes her painting and poetry.
    • WikidataFang Mengshi (Q45444375)The item describes her as a Ming-dynasty person and includes statements for female identity and two occupations.
  3. [3] Courtesy name Her courtesy name was Ruyao, as shown by the basic record, the biographical entries, and the alias and courtesy-name statements.
  4. [4] Hometown She was from Tongcheng, more fully identified as Tongcheng in Anqing Prefecture.
    • CBDBFang Mengshi (54981)The basic address record gives Tongcheng as her native place.
    • Souyun方孟式 (46580)The profile and both biographical entries identify her as from Anqing Prefecture's Tongcheng.
  5. [5] Father Fang Mengshi was the daughter of Fang Dazhen.
  6. [6] Grandfather Fang Xuejian was her grandfather.
  7. [7] Younger brother Her younger brother was Fang Kongzhao, who is identified in one biographical entry as a vice minister of war.
    • CBDBFang Mengshi (54981)The kinship data identifies 方孔炤 as her younger brother.
    • Souyun方孟式 (46580)The second biographical entry calls him 兵部侍郎孔炤 and her elder sister.
  8. [8] Younger sisters Her younger sisters were Fang Weiyi and Fang Weize.
    • CBDBFang Mengshi (54981)The kinship data lists 方維儀 and 方維則, with both relationships given as younger sister.
  9. [9] Husband Her husband was Zhang Bingwen, identified in the biographical entries as the Shandong provincial administration commissioner.
    • CBDBFang Mengshi (54981)The kinship data identifies 張秉文 as her husband.
    • Souyun方孟式 (46580)Both biographical entries identify 張秉文 as her husband and as the Shandong provincial administration commissioner.
  10. [10] Daughter Her daughter was Zhang Demao.
  11. [11] Nephew Fang Yizhi was her nephew, with the kinship entry specifying a congzi or nephew relationship.
  12. [12] Grandnephew Fang Zhongfa was her grandnephew, with the entry also giving the relationship as cong-sun.
  13. [13] Jinan defense and death of Zhang Bingwen In the twelfth year of the Chongzhen reign, Zhang Bingwen defended Jinan against Qing forces and died on the city wall.
    • Souyun方孟式 (46580)The biographical text states that in the twelfth Chongzhen year Zhang Bingwen defended Jinan against Qing forces and died on the city wall.
  14. [14] Fang Mengshi's suicide On hearing the news, Fang Mengshi threw herself into a pool and died.
    • Souyun方孟式 (46580)The biographical text says that Mengshi heard the news and died after throwing herself into a pool.
  15. [15] Place of death Her death place was Jinan Prefecture, while the narrative places the suicide at Jinan.
  16. [16] Posthumous honor She was granted the title First-rank Lady after following her husband in death.
    • Souyun方孟式 (46580)The profile gives the title 一品夫人, and the second entry says that she followed her husband in death and was granted that title.
  17. [17] Learning She was well versed in poetry and classical learning.
    • Souyun方孟式 (46580)The biographical text says that she was versed in poetry and learning.
  18. [18] Painting She was skilled in painting, especially in images of Guanyin.
    • Souyun方孟式 (46580)The biographical text says that she was skilled in painting and especially good at painting images of Guanyin.
    • CBDBFang Mengshi (54981)The basic status data classifies her as a painter.
  19. [19] Poetry She was a poet and had a collected volume.
  20. [20] Renlan ge collection One of her works is titled 紉蘭閣集.
  21. [21] Renlan ge poetry collection The works are also titled 紉蘭閣詩集.
  22. [22] Work lengths The two titles are assigned lengths of eight and fourteen juan respectively.
    • CBDBFang Mengshi (54981)The works data gives 紉蘭閣集 as eight juan and 紉蘭閣詩集 as fourteen juan.
  23. [23] Preface and postscript writers The associated-text data names nine preface writers and identifies Jiang Bingyong as the writer of a postscript.
    • CBDBFang Mengshi (54981)The association data identifies the first nine people as writers of book prefaces and Jiang Bingyong as the writer of a book postscript.