[1]Identity, dates, and namesLiu Jian was a Ming-dynasty political figure and Neo-Confucian scholar from Luoyang, living from 1433 to 1526; his courtesy name was Xixian, his sobriquet Huian, and he was ranked second in birth order. The text uses the common years only because the precise day-level dates vary.
CBDBLiu Jian (67830)The principal record supplies Liu Jian's name, Ming affiliation, birth and death years, birth-order designation, courtesy name, sobriquet variant, and Luoyang affiliation.
Souyun劉健 (42910)The biographical entry gives the Ming setting, dates, Henan Luoyang origin, courtesy name Xixian, and sobriquet Huian.
WikidataLiu Jian (Q10899412)The name and alias data support the English name, political identity, Huian/Xixian forms, and the postulated day-level dates; only the shared years are stated in the article.
[2]FamilyLiu Jian's great-grandfather, grandfather, parents, stepmother, siblings, and wife are identified by the family relationships.
CBDBLiu Jian (67830)The family data identifies Liu Shaozu, Liu Rong, Liu Liang, Lady Bai, Lady Zhang, Liu Yin, Liu Ji, Liu Wei, and Wang with their relationships to Liu Jian.
[3]DescendantsThe family data identifies Liu Cheng'en and Liu Chengxue as grandsons and Liu Dezhi as a great-grandson or great-great-grandson.
CBDBLiu Jian (67830)The family data lists Liu Cheng'en and Liu Chengxue as grandsons and gives Liu Dezhi both great-grandson and great-great-grandson designations.
[4]Examinations and early Hanlin careerLiu Jian was a shengyuan, a provincial recommended candidate, and a second-class jinshi ranked thirty-ninth; he served as shujishi from 1460 and as Hanlin compiler from 1462.
CBDBLiu Jian (67830)The examination and appointment data give the shengyuan status and rank, provincial recommendation, second-class jinshi placement, and Hanlin appointments beginning in 1460 and 1462.
Souyun劉健 (42910)The biographical entry calls him a Tianshun fourth-year jinshi, records his appointment as compiler, and links that era year to 1460.
WikidataLiu Jian (Q10899412)The item description identifies him as a Ming-dynasty jinshi.
[5]Chenghua officesDuring Chenghua, Liu Jian helped revise the Veritable Records of Yingzong and advanced to xiuzhuan; he later held several Hanlin and heir-apparent establishment offices and examined candidates.
CBDBLiu Jian (67830)The appointment data list Hanlin xiuzhuan, compiler, You Yude, Zuo Shuzi, Shao Zhanshi, Hanlin Academician, provincial examiner, and metropolitan examiner.
Souyun劉健 (42910)The biographical entry says that he revised the Veritable Records of Yingzong, advanced to xiuzhuan, and was eventually promoted to Shao Zhanshi.
[6]Additional officesHis career also included service as a lecturer to the heir apparent, a deputy commissioner, and a chief editor.
CBDBLiu Jian (67830)The appointment data list Donggong lecturer, deputy commissioner, and chief editor posts.
[7]Hongzhi fourth yearIn 1491 Liu Jian became Minister of Rites concurrently with Grand Secretary of the Wenyuange.
CBDBLiu Jian (67830)The appointment data date the Minister of Rites and Wenyuange Grand Secretary posts to 1491.
Souyun劉健 (42910)The biographical entry explicitly dates his promotion to Minister of Rites concurrently with Wenyuange Grand Secretary to Hongzhi year four.
[8]Hongzhi seventh yearIn 1494 Liu Jian held the Wuyingdian Grand Secretary post and Taizi Shaobao.
CBDBLiu Jian (67830)The appointment data date the Wuyingdian Grand Secretary and Taizi Shaobao posts to 1494.
[9]Hongzhi eleventh yearIn 1498 Liu Jian advanced to Taizi Taifu, succeeded Xu Pu as chief grand secretary, and also held the Ministry of Revenue, Jingshendian Grand Secretary, and Shaofu posts.
CBDBLiu Jian (67830)The appointment data date the Taizi Taifu, Minister of Revenue, Jingshendian Grand Secretary, and Shaofu posts to 1498.
Souyun劉健 (42910)The biographical entry records his advancement to Taizi Taifu, succession to Xu Pu as chief grand secretary, and the 1498 date.
[10]Hongzhi sixteenth year and palace examinationsIn 1503 Liu Jian held the Ministry of Personnel, Shaoshi, Taizi Taishi, and Huagaidian Grand Secretary posts; he also repeatedly read palace-examination papers in the listed years.
CBDBLiu Jian (67830)The appointment data date the four 1503 offices and five palace-examination reader appointments to 1490, 1493, 1496, 1499, and 1505.
[11]Administrative criticismLiu Jian criticized administrative negligence and attributed financial difficulties to waste in religious rites, weaving expenses, redundant offices, and construction.
Souyun劉健 (42910)The biographical entry describes his outspoken criticism of administrative negligence and his explanation of the fiscal problem in terms of religious rites, weaving costs, redundant offices, and construction waste.
[12]Retirement, proscription, and restorationAt the beginning of Zhengde, Liu Jian petitioned for Liu Jin's execution, retired when Liu Jin was trusted instead, was proscribed as first among the criminal party and stripped of his status, and was later restored. The source's final wording is interpreted in light of the preceding reference to Liu Jin.
Souyun劉健 (42910)The biographical entry narrates the Zhengde petitions against Liu Jin, Liu Jian's retirement, proscription as first among the criminal party, loss of status, and later restoration; its final phrase is interpreted as restoration after Liu Jin's execution.
CBDBLiu Jian (67830)The status data classifies Liu Jian as an official whose registration had been stripped.
[13]Learning and teacherLiu Jian studied Neo-Confucianism and was a disciple of Xue Xuan.
Souyun劉健 (42910)The biographical entry says that Liu Jian studied Neo-Confucianism and was a disciple of Xue Xuan.
CBDBLiu Jian (67830)The association data identifies Xue Xuan as Liu Jian's teacher.
[14]Friends and correspondenceLiu Jian was friends with Yan Yuxi and Bai Liangfu, a colleague of Xie Qian, and a recipient of letters from Zhang Mao, Zhang Yuanzhen, and Yang Lian.
CBDBLiu Jian (67830)The association data labels Yan Yuxi and Bai Liangfu as friends, Xie Qian as a colleague, and Zhang Mao, Zhang Yuanzhen, and Yang Lian as correspondents who wrote to Liu Jian.
[15]Epitaphs and biographiesLiu Jian wrote memorial texts for Wang Ji, Chen Dao, and Li Jie, while Jia Yong, Liu Long, and Zhang Shiyi composed texts about him.
CBDBLiu Jian (67830)The association data records Liu Jian's epitaph, spirit-way stele, and tomb-table writing for Wang Ji, Chen Dao, and Li Jie, and attributes his epitaph, xingzhuang, and biography to Jia Yong, Liu Long, and Zhang Shiyi.
[16]WorkLiu Jian's work includes the Huian Collection, 晦庵集.
Souyun劉健 (42910)The biographical entry names the Huian Collection as a work of Liu Jian.
CBDBLiu Jian (67830)The associated-text data lists 晦菴集, the variant form of the Huian Collection title.
[17]Posthumous nameLiu Jian received the posthumous name Wenjing.
Souyun劉健 (42910)The biographical entry states that Liu Jian was posthumously named Wenjing, and the profile lists Wenjing as his posthumous title.
CBDBLiu Jian (67830)The alias data identifies Wenjing as the posthumous title.
WikidataLiu Jian (Q10899412)The name and posthumous-title properties both give Wenjing.
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