Lü Nan

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

His father, Lü Pu, was known for hidden virtue; his elder son was 呂田 and his second son was 呂畇.[5]

At the 1501 Shaanxi provincial examination he placed tenth; in 1508 he ranked first in the jìnshì examination of the Wuchen year and was appointed a compiler.[6] After offending the eunuch Liu Jin, he withdrew on grounds of illness; after Liu Jin's death, he returned to office on recommendation.[7] During the Jiajing period, the Great Rites controversy angered the emperor, and he was sent to the imperial prison, demoted to judge of Jiezhou, and made acting administrator of the prefecture, where he achieved notable results.[8]

Career summaries differ, giving either Nanjing Junior Vice Minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices (南京太常寺少卿) or Nanjing Vice Minister of Rites (南京禮部侍郎) as his highest post. A fuller sequence places him successively in the Court of the Imperial Clan (南京宗人府經歷), the Ministry of Personnel (吏部郎中), the Office of the Imperial Seals (尚寶司卿), the Court of Imperial Sacrifices (太常寺少卿), the Directorate of Education (國子監祭酒), and the Nanjing Ministry of Rites, where he also acted for the Ministry of Personnel.[9] His dated Nanjing appointments were Jiajing 6, 9, 13, and 15, respectively, as Director of the Ministry of Personnel's Office of Evaluation (吏部考功司郎中), Director of the Office of the Imperial Seals, Junior Vice Minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices, and Vice Minister of Rites.[10] After retiring, he returned home; in the early Longqing period he was posthumously granted the rank of Minister of Rites and the posthumous name Wenjian.[11]

Learning and thought

Lü Nan studied under Xue Jingzhi, while Zhou Hui was also his teacher and Lü Qian was his pupil.[12] He adhered to the teachings of Cheng Yi and Zhu Xi, making the investigation of principle and practical cultivation central to his learning; his fields of classical study included the Book of Changes, the Book of Documents, the Book of Odes, the rites, and the Spring and Autumn, and he was regarded as a Neo-Confucian and thinker as well as a specialist in these classics.[13]

While serving in Nanjing, he joined Zhan Ruoshui and Zou Shouyi in leading lecture sessions for more than three decades.[14] His teaching did not accord with Wang Yangming's doctrine of innate knowing; when Wang promoted learning in the southeast and incurred the hostility of powerful officials, an examination policy in the guiwei metropolitan examination also proposed burning books and prohibiting learning, but Lü argued against it and prevented its implementation.[15] During the Liu Jin period, Kang Fengshan was implicated and expelled after appealing to Liu Jin on behalf of Li Kongtong; Lü exchanged poems with Kang at Huxi, became close to him, and understood his motives.[16]

Works

His writings include 《周易說翼》 in five juan, 《尚書說要》 in five juan, 《毛詩說序》 in six juan, 《春秋說志》 in five juan, 《四書因問》 in six juan, 《周子抄釋》 in three juan, 《橫渠張子抄釋》 in six juan, 《二程子抄釋》 in ten juan, 《朱子抄釋》 in two juan, and 《涇野子內篇》 in twenty-seven juan.[17]

Other works include 《小學訓》, 《史館獻納》, 《南省奏稿》, 《寒暑經圖解》, 《史約》 in thirty-seven juan, 《詩樂圖譜》 in eighteen juan, and 《禮問內篇外篇》 in two juan.[18] In local gazetteers and genealogies, he wrote 《潛江縣志》, 《解州志》 in four juan, 《宋氏族譜》, and 《魏氏族譜》; he also compiled 《陝西通志》 and 《鄉約集成》 in fourteen pieces, and edited 《平陽府志》.[19] Further works include 《涇野九詠》, 《監規發明》, 《署解文移》, and 《上陵詩賦曲頌》.[20]

His collected writings include 《涇野詩文集》, also titled 《涇野集》, in a thirty-six-juan version; two essays, 〈甘泉記〉 and 〈仰止亭記〉, are included in 《九華山志》.[21]

Office recordsCBDB

Year unknown5
OfficeEraPosting
吏部考功司郎中嘉靖南京
太常寺少卿嘉靖南京
宗人府經歷嘉靖南京
尚寶司卿嘉靖南京
禮部右侍郎嘉靖南京

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
長子; 第一子呂田–
次子呂畇–

AliasesCBDB

  • 仲木 字
  • 文簡 諡號
  • 涇野 室名、別號

StatusCBDB

  • [為官者:文]
  • 理學家
  • 主書院講席
  • 學者
  • 經學家—易經
  • 經學家—尚書
  • 經學家—詩經
  • 經學家—禮經
  • 經學家—春秋
  • 思想家

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
周蕙為周蕙之學生–
薛敬之為薛敬之之學生–
呂潛學生為呂潛–
張節學生為張節–
王世相學生為王世相–
王獻藎學生為王獻藎–
薛蕙為薛蕙所著書作序–
劉球為劉球所著書作序–
王思為王思所著書作序–
費宏為費宏所著書作序–
唐龍為唐龍所著書作序–
唐龍為唐龍所著書作序–
王汝舟為王汝舟所著書作序–
李壁為李壁所著書作序–
段堅為段堅所著書作序–
張光祖為張光祖所著書作序–
陳道為陳道所著書作序–
陳汝玉為陳汝玉所著書作序–
陳璠為陳璠所著書作序–
湛若水為湛若水所著書作序–
景暘為景暘所著書作序–
劉鳳儀為劉鳳儀所著書作序–
劉節為劉節所著書作序–
馮從吾書序由馮從吾所作–
鄒元標書序由鄒元標所作–
徐階書序由徐階所作–
陳昌積書序由陳昌積所作–
馬理墓誌銘由馬理所作–
楊榮為楊榮作墓誌銘–
許逵為許逵作墓誌銘–
雍泰為雍泰作墓誌銘–
范輅為范輅作墓誌銘–
寇天敍為寇天敍作墓誌銘–
劉琦為劉琦作墓誌銘–
王雲鳳為王雲鳳作墓誌銘–
左經為左經作墓誌銘–
史英為史英作墓誌銘–
申理為申理作墓誌銘–
李瀚為李瀚作墓誌銘–
唐勳為唐勳作墓誌銘–
耿瑤為耿瑤作墓誌銘–
曹深為曹深作墓誌銘–
張天相為張天相作墓誌銘–
張羽為張羽作墓誌銘–
陳祥為陳祥作墓誌銘–
湯紹宗為湯紹宗作墓誌銘–
程杲為程杲作墓誌銘–
賈運為賈運作墓誌銘–
楊淳為楊淳作墓誌銘–
楊璨為楊璨作墓誌銘–
葉天球為葉天球作墓誌銘–
趙叔寳為趙叔寳作墓誌銘–
韓紹宗為韓紹宗作墓誌銘–
薛敬之為薛敬之作墓誌銘–
羅循為羅循作墓誌銘–
張璧書跋由張璧所作–
王暐為王暐作字說、名述–
宋宜為宋宜作字說、名述–
馬巒為馬巒作字說、名述–
劉乾為劉乾作字說、名述–
劉文光相唱和–
薛應旂傳記作者為薛應旂–
馮從吾傳記作者為馮從吾–
耿定向傳記作者為耿定向–
李開先傳記作者為李開先–
葉盛為葉盛作傳–
李儀為李儀作傳–
羅亨信為羅亨信作傳–
李秉為李秉作傳–
秦紘為秦紘作傳–
李介為李介作傳–
周廣為周廣作傳–
王璠為王璠作傳–
史誠祖為史誠祖作傳–
安國為安國作傳–
朱訥為朱訥作傳–
朱瓘為朱瓘作傳–
宋玉為宋玉作傳–
李鐸為李鐸作傳–
張錦為張錦作傳–
陳紀為陳紀作傳–
楊謐為楊謐作傳–
韓邦靖為韓邦靖作祭文–
王恕為王恕作祭文–
戴大賓為戴大賓作祭文–
蘇民為蘇民作祭文–
王維楨祭文由王維楨所作–
王維楨祭文由王維楨所作–
李壁為李壁之書、畫作跋–
何祉為何祉之書、畫作跋–
項喬為項喬之書、畫作跋–
劉仕為劉仕之書、畫作跋–
嚴嵩為嚴嵩作廟碑記–
李壁為李壁作廟碑記–
李瀚為李瀚作廟碑記–
陸傑為陸傑作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
劉麟為劉麟作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
何瑭為何瑭作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
張士隆為張士隆作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
吳一鵬為吳一鵬作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–

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ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 鄉貢舉人
科舉: 進士(籠統)一甲一名

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
宋四子抄釋
陽武縣志
高陵縣志
涇野先生文集:三十六卷
周易說翼五卷撰著者
尚書說要五卷撰著者
毛詩說序六卷撰著者
春秋說志 五卷撰著者
四書因問 六卷撰著者
周子抄釋三卷撰著者
橫渠張子抄釋六卷撰著者
二程子抄釋十卷撰著者
朱子抄釋二卷撰著者
涇野子內篇二十七卷撰著者
小學訓撰著者
史館獻納撰著者
南省奏稿撰著者
寒暑經圖解撰著者
史約: 三十七卷撰著者
詩樂圖譜: 十八卷撰著者
禮問內篇外篇: 二卷撰著者
潛江縣志撰著者
陝西通志編纂者
解州志: 四卷撰著者
鄉約集成: 十四篇編纂者
涇野九詠撰著者
平陽府志編輯者
監規發明撰著者
署解文移撰著者
宋氏族譜撰著者
魏氏族譜撰著者
上陵詩賦曲頌撰著者

Citations

  1. [1] Identity and dates Lü Nan lived from 1479 to 1542 and was a Ming official and scholar.
    • CBDBLü Nan (33860)The biographical record supplies the name, dates, Ming affiliation, and official and scholarly statuses.
    • Souyun呂柟 (43679)The profile and biographical text identify him as a Ming political figure and scholar born in 1479 and deceased in 1542.
    • WikidataLü Nan (Q10919954)The English label and description identify Lü Nan as a Ming dynasty politician of 1479–1542.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database呂柟 (A007182)The authority record identifies him as a Ming official and gives the same years of birth and death.
  2. [2] Styles and sobriquet He was styled Zhongmu, also given the style name Datong, used Jingye as a sobriquet, and was called Master Jingye by scholars.
    • CBDBLü Nan (33860)The name records list Zhongmu as the style and Jingye as the sobriquet or studio name.
    • Souyun呂柟 (43679)The biographical profiles give Zhongmu, Jingye, Master Jingye, and Datong among his styles and names.
    • WikidataLü Nan (Q10919954)The name and alias data include Zhongmu and Jingye.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database呂柟 (A007182)The authority record includes Master Jingye as an alternate name.
  3. [3] Alternate names and posthumous name The forms 呂仲木 and 呂枏 are also attested, and his posthumous name was Wenjian.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database呂柟 (A007182)The authority record lists 呂仲木 and 呂枏 as alternate forms.
    • CBDBLü Nan (33860)The name data give Wenjian as his posthumous name.
    • Souyun呂柟 (43679)The biographical records give Wenjian as his posthumous name.
    • WikidataLü Nan (Q10919954)The alias data also include Wenjian.
  4. [4] Native place and name origin He was from Gaoling in Shaanxi, and the sobriquet Jingye was associated with living north of the Jing River.
    • CBDBLü Nan (33860)The native-place field gives Gaoling.
    • Souyun呂柟 (43679)The profile places him in Gaoling, Shaanxi, and explains the association between Jingye and residence north of the Jing River.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database呂柟 (A007182)The birthplace field gives Gaoling.
  5. [5] Family His father was Lü Pu, who was credited with hidden virtue; his sons Lü Tian and Lü Yun were respectively the elder and second sons.
    • Souyun呂柟 (43679)The biographical text says that his father Lü Pu had hidden virtue.
    • CBDBLü Nan (33860)The kinship entries identify 呂田 as the elder son and 呂畇 as the second son.
  6. [6] Examinations and first appointment He placed tenth in the 1501 Shaanxi provincial examination, ranked first in the 1508 Wuchen jinshi examination, and was appointed a compiler.
    • Souyun呂柟 (43679)The biographical entries give the 1501 provincial rank, the 1508 Wuchen first place, and the appointment as 修撰.
    • CBDBLü Nan (33860)The examination entries identify a provincial successful candidate, a jinshi degree, and first place in the highest rank.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database呂柟 (A007182)The authority note identifies him as the 1508 champion.
  7. [7] Liu Jin period After offending Liu Jin, Lü Nan withdrew on grounds of illness and returned to office after Liu Jin's death through recommendation.
    • Souyun呂柟 (43679)The career accounts state that he withdrew after offending Liu Jin and later returned through recommendation.
  8. [8] Great Rites controversy and Jiezhou During the Jiajing period, the Great Rites controversy brought imperial anger; he was imprisoned, demoted to Jiezhou, and credited with administrative achievements there.
    • Souyun呂柟 (43679)The career account states that the Great Rites controversy led to imprisonment, demotion to Jiezhou judge, acting administration of the prefecture, and notable results.
  9. [9] Conflicting career summaries Career summaries differ between Nanjing Junior Vice Minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices and Nanjing Vice Minister of Rites; the fuller sequence lists his successive offices and his acting oversight of the Ministry of Personnel.
    • Souyun呂柟 (43679)The biographical accounts differ in their summary of the highest office, while the fuller accounts enumerate the sequence from the Court of the Imperial Clan through the Nanjing Ministry of Rites and the acting Ministry of Personnel duty.
    • CBDBLü Nan (33860)The office entries list the Court of the Imperial Clan, Ministry of Personnel, Office of the Imperial Seals, Court of Imperial Sacrifices, and Ministry of Rites posts, all associated with Nanjing.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database呂柟 (A007182)The authority note gives Nanjing Junior Vice Minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices as the highest office in its summary.
  10. [10] Dated appointments The office data assign the four Nanjing appointments to Jiajing years 6, 9, 13, and 15.
    • CBDBLü Nan (33860)The office entries give Jiajing as the era and assign years 6, 9, 13, and 15 to the corresponding Nanjing posts.
  11. [11] Retirement and posthumous honors After retiring and returning home, Lü Nan was posthumously granted the rank of Minister of Rites in early Longqing and named Wenjian.
    • Souyun呂柟 (43679)The biographical accounts state that he retired and returned home, and that in early Longqing he was granted Minister of Rites and the posthumous name Wenjian.
    • CBDBLü Nan (33860)The name data confirm Wenjian as the posthumous name.
  12. [12] Teachers and pupil Lü Nan studied under Xue Jingzhi; Zhou Hui was also his teacher, and Lü Qian was his pupil.
    • Souyun呂柟 (43679)The intellectual biography explicitly identifies Lü Nan as a pupil of Xue Jingzhi.
    • CBDBLü Nan (33860)The teacher-pupil relations identify Zhou Hui and Xue Jingzhi as his teachers and Lü Qian as his pupil.
  13. [13] Doctrine and classical fields He followed Cheng–Zhu teaching, made investigation of principle and practice central, and was associated with Neo-Confucian, philosophical, and specialist roles in five classical fields.
    • Souyun呂柟 (43679)The intellectual biography says that he adhered to the Cheng–Zhu teachings and emphasized investigation of principle and practice.
    • CBDBLü Nan (33860)The status classifications identify him as a Neo-Confucian, thinker, and specialist in the Changes, Documents, Odes, rites, and Spring and Autumn.
  14. [14] Lectures in Nanjing In Nanjing he jointly led lecture sessions with Zhan Ruoshui and Zou Shouyi for more than thirty years.
    • Souyun呂柟 (43679)The biographical accounts place him in Nanjing with Zhan Ruoshui and Zou Shouyi as joint lecturers and give a duration of more than thirty years.
    • CBDBLü Nan (33860)The status data identify him as a leader of an academy lecture seat.
  15. [15] Yangming learning and examination debate His teaching differed from Wang Yangming's doctrine of innate knowing; during a guiwei metropolitan examination he argued against a proposal to burn books and prohibit learning, preventing its implementation.
    • Souyun呂柟 (43679)The account states that his teaching differed from Yangming's doctrine and describes the guiwei examination debate over burning books and banning learning.
  16. [16] Association with Kang Fengshan Kang Fengshan was implicated and expelled after appealing to Liu Jin for Li Kongtong; Lü exchanged poems with him at Huxi, became close to him, and understood his motives.
    • Souyun呂柟 (43679)The account describes Kang Fengshan's involvement in the Li Kongtong affair and Lü Nan's poetic exchange and sympathetic understanding at Huxi.
  17. [17] Classical and Neo-Confucian works The works data attribute the listed titles to Lü Nan and give the stated juan counts.
    • CBDBLü Nan (33860)The works entries mark each listed title as authored by him and supply its title and volume count.
    • Souyun呂柟 (43679)The biographical text also names 《涇野子內篇》 among his works.
  18. [18] Additional works The works entries attribute the listed titles to Lü Nan and give the stated volumes for 史約, 詩樂圖譜, and 禮問內篇外篇.
    • CBDBLü Nan (33860)The works entries mark 小學訓, 史館獻納, 南省奏稿, 寒暑經圖解, 史約, 詩樂圖譜, and 禮問內篇外篇 as authored works and give the listed volume counts.
  19. [19] Gazetteers, genealogies, and compilations The works data distinguish his authored, compiled, and edited works in gazetteers and genealogies.
    • CBDBLü Nan (33860)The works entries mark the four gazetteer and genealogy titles as authored, Shaanxi General Gazetteer and Xiangyue Jicheng as compiled, and Pingyang Prefecture Gazetteer as edited.
  20. [20] Further works The works entries also attribute Jingye jiuyong, Jian gui faming, Shu Jie Wenyi, and Shangling shifu qusong to Lü Nan.
    • CBDBLü Nan (33860)The works entries mark the four titles as authored works.
  21. [21] Collected writings and essays His collected writings are titled 《涇野詩文集》 or 《涇野集》, with a thirty-six-juan version; 甘泉記 and 仰止亭記 are included in the Jiuhua Mountain Gazetteer.
    • Souyun呂柟 (43679)The biographical entries name 《涇野詩文集》 and 《涇野集》 and give a thirty-six-juan version of the latter.
    • CBDBLü Nan (33860)The works list includes a thirty-six-juan 《涇野先生文集》.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database呂柟 (A007182)The authority note names 甘泉記 and 仰止亭記 and places them in 《九華山志》.