Xia Liangsheng

TimelineCBDB

1. 1514 會試同考試官 正德
2. 1515 吏部文選清吏司主事 正德
3. 1517 吏部稽勳司員外郎 正德
4. 1518 吏部考功司員外郎 正德
5. 1523 吏部文選清吏司郎中 嘉靖
6. 1524 太僕寺少卿 嘉靖
7. 1531 太常寺少卿 嘉靖

Office recordsCBDB

FamilyCBDB

AliasesCBDB

• 于中 字
• 子中 字
• 於中 字
• 東洲 未詳
• 東洲 室名、別號

StatusCBDB

• [為官者：文]

AssociationsCBDB

ExaminationsCBDB

WorksCBDB

Citations

1. [1] Name and dates Xia Liangsheng's name, dates and Ming dynasty identity.
   • CBDBXia Liangsheng (34655)CBDB records his name as Xia Liangsheng, his birth in 1480, his death in 1538, and his Ming dynasty affiliation.
   • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)The biographical database gives his name as 夏良勝 with the dates 1480–1538 and a Ming affiliation; the Zhongguo lidai renming da cidian also calls him a Ming man.
   • WikidataXia Liangsheng (Q45425092)Wikidata gives his Chinese label as 夏良勝, his birth year as 1480 and his death year as 1538.
2. [2] Courtesy names and sobriquet Xia Liangsheng's courtesy names are recorded as 于中, 子中 and 於中, and his sobriquet as 東洲.
   • CBDBXia Liangsheng (34655)CBDB lists three forms of his courtesy name, 于中, 子中 and 於中, and the sobriquet 東洲.
   • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)The biographical database lists his courtesy names as 于中 and 子中, and his sobriquet as 東洲.
   • WikidataXia Liangsheng (Q45425092)Wikidata records 於中, 子中 and 于中 as courtesy names, 東洲 as his sobriquet, and the romanised forms Yuzhong, Zizhong and Dongzhou.
3. [3] Place of origin Xia Liangsheng was a native of Nancheng county in Jianchang prefecture, Jiangxi.
   • CBDBXia Liangsheng (34655)CBDB gives his place of origin (籍貫) as Nancheng 南城.
   • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)The biographical database gives his home as Nancheng county, Jianchang prefecture, Jiangxi; the Zhongguo lidai renming da cidian likewise calls him a man of Nancheng, Jiangxi.
4. [4] Father Xia Liangsheng's father was Xia Quan.
   • CBDBXia Liangsheng (34655)CBDB records that his father was Xia Quan 夏泉.
   • WikidataXia Liangsheng (Q45425092)Wikidata gives his father as the entity Q45425132.
5. [5] Early recognition As a youth Xia Liangsheng was singled out by the education vice-commissioner Cai Qing.
   • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)The biography records that as a young man he won the recognition of the education vice-commissioner Cai Qing, who declared that he would surely become a loyal minister.
6. [6] Provincial examination Xia Liangsheng took first place in the Jiangxi provincial examination of 1507.
   • CBDBXia Liangsheng (34655)CBDB records that he came first among the provincial graduates (鄉貢舉人) of Jiangxi.
   • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)The biography records that in the second year of Zhengde (1507) he took first place in the Jiangxi provincial examination.
7. [7] Metropolitan examination and degree Xia Liangsheng came sixty-first in the metropolitan examination of 1508 and took the jinshi degree, ranked forty-fourth in the third class.
   • CBDBXia Liangsheng (34655)CBDB records him as a jinshi, ranked forty-fourth in the third class.
   • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)The biography records that in 1508 he passed in the same year, coming sixty-first in the metropolitan examination and forty-fourth in the third class of jinshi; the Zhongguo lidai renming da cidian and the Mingshi jishi likewise record him as a jinshi of the third year of Zhengde.
8. [8] Early offices Xia Liangsheng was first appointed to the Ministry of Justice, then to the Ministry of Personnel, where he served in the Bureau of Appointments, the Bureau of Records of Merit and the Bureau of Assessment.
   • CBDBXia Liangsheng (34655)CBDB lists his successive posts in the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Personnel: secretary, secretary of the Bureau of Appointments, vice-director of the Bureau of Records of Merit and vice-director of the Bureau of Assessment.
   • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)All three biographies record that he was first made a secretary of the Ministry of Justice, was transferred to the Ministry of Personnel, and rose to be a vice-director of the Bureau of Assessment.
9. [9] Memorial against the southern tour In the third month of 1519 Xia Liangsheng joined Wan Chao, Chen Jiuchuan and others in a joint memorial against the Zhengde Emperor's southern tour.
   • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)The biography records that in the third month of 1519, during the controversy over the Zhengde Emperor's southern tour, he joined Wan Chao of the Ministry of Rites, Chen Jiuchuan of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices and others in a joint memorial.
10. [10] Flogging and dismissal The emperor's anger brought Xia Liangsheng five days of kneeling, fifty strokes and dismissal from office.
    • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)The biography records that the emperor was enraged, had him kneel at the palace gate for five days and given fifty strokes, and struck him from the rolls; the Zhongguo lidai renming da cidian and the Mingshi jishi also record that he was flogged and dismissed for remonstrating against the southern tour.
11. [11] Return home After his dismissal Xia Liangsheng returned home and taught for a living.
    • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)The biography records that after returning to his home district he earned his living by teaching.
12. [12] Restoration to office On Emperor Shizong's accession Xia Liangsheng was restored to office.
    • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)The biography records that after Emperor Shizong came to the throne he was restored to office; the Zhongguo lidai renming da cidian says he was reinstated at the beginning of the Jiajing reign, and the Mingshi jishi that he was recalled to his former post.
13. [13] Appointment by Qiao Yu The minister Qiao Yu had Xia Liangsheng appointed director of the Bureau of Appointments, where he promoted many honest officials.
    • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)The biography records that the minister Qiao Yu, judging him a man of worth, asked that he be made director of the Bureau of Appointments, and that honest and upright officials were much advanced under him.
    • CBDBXia Liangsheng (34655)CBDB likewise lists him as director of the Bureau of Appointments in the Ministry of Personnel.
14. [14] Great Rites Controversy In the Great Rites Controversy Xia Liangsheng fought the advancement of Xi Shu, Zhang Cong, Gui E and Fang Xianfu.
    • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)The biography records that in the Great Rites Controversy he repeatedly joined other officials in strenuous opposition and would not consent to the promotions that Xi Shu, Zhang Cong, Gui E and Fang Xianfu obtained by direct imperial decree; the Zhongguo lidai renming da cidian records that he incurred hostility by contesting the Great Rites and blocking the extraordinary promotions of Zhang Cong and others.
15. [15] Transfer and demotion Xia Liangsheng was transferred to Nanjing without taking up the post, became a supervising secretary, and was demoted to Chaling Department after Chen Guang's attack.
    • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)The biography records that he was transferred to be Vice Minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices at Nanjing but did not take up the post, and that the supervising secretary Chen Guang, siding with Zhang Cong, accused him and the minister Qiao Yu of forming a faction and pushing others aside, whereupon he was demoted to magistrate of Chaling Department; the Mingshi jishi records the same sequence of transfer and demotion, and the Zhongguo lidai renming da cidian also records the Nanjing appointment.
    • CBDBXia Liangsheng (34655)CBDB lists him as Vice Minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices at Nanjing, as supervising secretary and as magistrate of Chaling Department.
16. [16] Reduction, exile and death After the Minglun dadian was compiled Xia Liangsheng was reduced to commoner status, imprisoned again on a false charge, flogged and banished to the Sanwan Guard, where he died five years later.
    • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)The biography records that after the Minglun dadian was completed he was reduced to commoner status, that he was later imprisoned again on a false accusation, sentenced to flogging and banished to the Sanwan Guard in Liaodong, and that he died at his post five years afterwards; the Mingshi jishi records the same reduction, flogging and banishment, and the Zhongguo lidai renming da cidian records his banishment to Liaodong after denunciation by an enemy.
17. [17] Posthumous grant In the early Longqing reign Xia Liangsheng was posthumously granted the rank of Chief Minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices.
    • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)The Mingshi jishi records that in the early Longqing reign he was posthumously granted the title of Chief Minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices; the biography records the same grant after Emperor Muzong's accession.
    • CBDBXia Liangsheng (34655)CBDB lists the post of Chief Minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices under the Longqing era.
18. [18] Works Xia Liangsheng's works, including the Dongzhou gao recorded in twelve or twenty juan.
    • CBDBXia Liangsheng (34655)CBDB lists his works: Zhongyong yanyi in seventeen juan, Dongzhou chugao in fourteen juan, Dongzhou shi in eight juan, Dongshu lu in one juan and Dongzhou gao in twelve juan.
    • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)The Zhongguo lidai renming da cidian records his Dongzhou chugao, Zhongyong yanyi and Quansi cungao; the Mingshi jishi records a Dongzhou gao in twenty juan, differing from the twelve juan listed in CBDB.
19. [19] Assessment The judgement of the Siku Quanshu editors on his integrity and writings.
    • Souyun夏良勝 (44783)The Mingshi jishi quotes the Siku Quanshu general catalogue: he was twice demoted for blunt remonstrance, his integrity was awe-inspiring, and his verse and prose, though not written to please, all had an upright spirit.
20. [20] Letters Correspondence between Xia Liangsheng and Wang Shouren, Gui E, Li Mengyang, Wang Xuan, Yu You, Shu Fen and Yang Lian.
    • CBDBXia Liangsheng (34655)CBDB, drawing on the Dongzhou chugao and biographical indexes, records letters he addressed to Wang Shouren and Gui E (written 桂蕚), replies to Li Mengyang, Wang Xuan and Yu You, and letters addressed to him by Shu Fen and Yang Lian.
21. [21] Compositions for others Compositions Xia Liangsheng wrote for Luo Qi, He Qiaoxin and Qiao Yu.
    • CBDBXia Liangsheng (34655)CBDB records that he wrote a funerary account and a sacrificial address for Luo Qi, a grave inscription for He Qiaoxin, and a preface for a work by Qiao Yu.
22. [22] Preface and epitaph A preface to his writings by Luo Wenli and his epitaph by Ouyang Duo.
    • CBDBXia Liangsheng (34655)CBDB records that a preface to his writings was written by Luo Wenli and that his epitaph was written by Ouyang Duo.