Hu Ying

TimelineCBDB

1. 1402 兵科右給事中 建文
2. 1403 戶科都給事中 永樂
3. 1416 禮部左侍郎 永樂
4. 1424 禮部左侍郎 永樂
5. 1425 國子祭酒 洪熙
6. 1425 太子賓客 洪熙
7. 1425 禮部左侍郎 洪熙
8. 1426 禮部尚書 宣德
9. 1426 禮部左侍郎 宣德
10. 1427 副使 宣德
11. 1428 副使 宣德
12. 1449 太子太傅 正統
13. 1450 太子太傅 景泰
14. 1452 太子太師 景泰
15. 1452 少傅 景泰
16. 1456 副使 景泰
17. 1463 太保 天順
18. 1402 兵科給事中 建文
19. 1424 禮部左侍郎 永樂

Office recordsCBDB

FamilyCBDB

AliasesCBDB

• 二 行第
• 忠安 諡號
• 源潔 字
• 潔菴 室名、別號

StatusCBDB

• [為官者：文]

AssociationsCBDB

ExaminationsCBDB

WorksCBDB

Citations

1. [1] Name, dates, and identity Hu Ying was born in 1375 and died in 1463; the records identify him as a Ming official and politician.
   • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The biographical record gives the English name Hu Ying, the years 1375 and 1463, and the Ming affiliation; its merge note confirms the Chinese identity Hu Ying.
   • Souyun胡濙 (50139)The profile and biographical entries give Hu Ying’s dates and Ming official career.
   • WikidataHu Ying (Q15902935)The entity is labelled Hu Ying, described as a Ming dynasty politician, and assigned birth and death dates.
2. [2] Courtesy name and sobriquet Hu Ying’s courtesy name was Yuanjie and his sobriquet was Jie'an.
   • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The alternate-name data lists Yuanjie as the courtesy name and Jie'an as the studio name or sobriquet.
   • Souyun胡濙 (50139)The profile and biography give the courtesy name Yuanjie and the sobriquet 潔庵.
   • WikidataHu Ying (Q15902935)The entity’s claims include the names Yuanjie and Jie'an.
3. [3] Alternative sobriquet The profile gives Zhi Xuan as another sobriquet.
   • Souyun胡濙 (50139)The profile and biography additionally give the sobriquet 芝軒.
4. [4] Posthumous name Hu Ying’s posthumous name was Zhong'an.
   • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The alternate-name data identifies Zhong'an as the posthumous name.
   • Souyun胡濙 (50139)The profile and biographies give the posthumous name 忠安.
   • WikidataHu Ying (Q15902935)The entity claims list Zhong'an as the posthumous name.
5. [5] Birth order The alternate-name data marks him as number two in birth order.
   • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The alternate-name data lists 二 under the category of birth order.
6. [6] Native place Hu Ying was from Wujin, now within Changzhou, Jiangsu.
   • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The address data gives Wujin as his basic native place.
   • Souyun胡濙 (50139)The profile identifies Wujin as present-day Changzhou in Jiangsu, and the biography calls him a native of Wujin in Changzhou prefecture.
7. [7] Ancestors and parents Hu Ying’s great-grandfather was Hu Yong, his grandfather Hu Zhen, his father Hu Zongren, and his mother Lady Li.
   • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The kinship data identifies 胡庸 as great-grandfather, 胡禎 as grandfather, 胡宗人 as father, and 李氏 as mother.
8. [8] Siblings The kinship data lists Hu 瀚 as an elder brother and Hu 真, Hu 安, Hu 定, and Hu 忠 as younger brothers.
   • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The kinship data lists 胡瀚 as the elder brother and 胡真, 胡安, 胡定, and 胡忠 as younger brothers.
9. [9] Wife, children, and in-law The kinship data lists the younger brothers Hu Kecheng and Hu Kening, a wife of the Fan family, four sons, and the in-law Pan Liang.
   • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The kinship data lists two additional younger brothers, the wife Fan, four sons, and the in-law Pan Liang.
10. [10] Ancestors and descendant The kinship data additionally names Hu Zhongli, Hu Xian, Hu Chi, Hu Su, and Hu Fan as direct ancestors and Hu Shixian as an eleventh-generation descendant.
    • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The kinship data places the first five men among the direct ancestors and lists Hu Shixian as an eleventh-generation descendant.
11. [11] Educational status Early entries place Hu Ying among the shengyuan and xianggong candidates.
    • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The examination and school entries list a xianggong candidate and a shengyuan (庠生).
12. [12] Jinshi degree Hu Ying held the jinshi degree in Jianwen 2 (1400).
    • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The examination entry lists him as a jinshi, while the biographical extract dates the success to Jianwen 2.
    • Souyun胡濙 (50139)Both biographical entries place his jinshi qualification in Jianwen 2 (1400).
13. [13] Early appointments Hu Ying entered office as a military-affairs geishizhong, became the right geishizhong in Jianwen 4, and moved to Huke du geishizhong in Yongle 1.
    • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The office data lists the three posts and gives Jianwen 4 and Yongle 1 for the later appointments.
    • Souyun胡濙 (50139)The biographies narrate the initial appointment, the Jianwen 4 promotion, and the Yongle 1 transfer.
14. [14] Search for the Jianwen Emperor The accounts describe Hu Ying’s search for the Jianwen Emperor under the pretexts of seeking immortals or travelling as a physician, and preserve different accounts of its duration and return.
    • Souyun胡濙 (50139)One biography says the Yongle 5 mission was conducted in the name of seeking immortals and lasted seventeen years; the other describes it as a medical journey, return in Yongle 14 (1416), and promotion to Left Vice Minister of Rites. The English text preserves the discrepancy.
15. [15] Inspection of Jiangsu and Zhejiang In Yongle 16, Hu Ying investigated rumors about the Eastern Palace and submitted a confidential report of seven favorable points about the Crown Prince.
    • Souyun胡濙 (50139)The biography recounts the Yongle 16 inspection, the report about the Eastern Palace, Hu Ying’s finding, and his confidential seven-point memorial.
16. [16] Night audience in Yongle 21 The biography says that Hu Ying may have learned Jianwen’s whereabouts, reported what he had heard to Chengzu at night, and thereby dispelled the emperor’s doubts.
    • Souyun胡濙 (50139)The biography uses the qualified wording that Hu Ying seemed to know Jianwen’s whereabouts, then describes the night audience and the easing of the emperor’s doubts.
17. [17] Hongxi and Xuande offices After Renzong’s accession, Hu Ying was summoned as Vice Minister of Rites at the itinerant court, held the posts of Taizi binke and director of the Imperial Academy, and became Minister of Rites in Xuande 1, remaining there until Tianshun 1.
    • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The office data lists the posts of director of the Imperial Academy, Taizi binke, and Minister of Rites, with the Hongxi and Tianshun dates; the biographical extract also dates the promotion to the early Xuande period.
18. [18] Memorials and chief examinerships During Renzong’s reign Hu Ying submitted ten proposals that were accepted favorably, memorialized for removing more than a thousand fan monks, and served ten times as chief examiner.
    • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The biographical extract records ten proposals accepted favorably, the memorial concerning more than a thousand fan monks, and ten periods of chief examinership; the office data lists the chief-examiner post.
19. [19] Crown Prince offices The sources give different dates for the Grand Tutor post and then place the Junior Tutor and Grand Preceptor appointments in the Jingtai period.
    • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The office data dates Grand Tutor to the fourteenth year of Zhengtong and lists the Jingtai appointments as Junior Tutor and Grand Preceptor; the biographical extract also records the same sequence.
    • Souyun胡濙 (50139)The biographies date the Grand Tutor appointment to the beginning of Jingtai and record the Crown Prince offices.
20. [20] Retirement, death, and honors After Yingzong’s restoration Hu Ying retired because of age, died in 1463, was said to have been eighty-nine, and received the posthumous honors of Grand Guardian and Zhong’an.
    • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The biographical data gives the death year, Grand Guardian, and Zhong’an, while the extract states that he retired after the restoration, was eighty-nine, and was posthumously granted Grand Guardian and Zhong’an.
    • Souyun胡濙 (50139)The biographies state that he retired after Yingzong’s restoration and give his death and posthumous name.
    • WikidataHu Ying (Q15902935)The entity claims give the death date 1463 and the posthumous name Zhong'an.
21. [21] Character and length of service Hu Ying was described as showing neither anger nor pleasure, praised for self-command, and serving across six reigns over more than fifty years.
    • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The biographical extract says that Hu Ying showed neither anger nor pleasure, was praised for his virtue and capacity, and served six emperors.
    • Souyun胡濙 (50139)The biography describes more than fifty years of service across six reigns.
22. [22] Medicine and Zhixuan ji The biography says that Hu Ying studied medicine deeply and had the work Zhixuan ji.
    • Souyun胡濙 (50139)The biographies mention Zhixuan ji and describe Hu Ying as deeply learned in medicine.
23. [23] Other works The work associations also list Lüshen guijian, Dan'an ji in five juan, and Weisheng yijian fang.
    • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The work associations list 律身規鑑, 澹菴集 in five juan, and 衛生易簡方.
24. [24] Recommendations Hu Ying recommended Liu Qiu and He Wenyuan and joined Jian Yi and others in recommending Kuang Zhong for the Suzhou magistracy.
    • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The association data lists recommendations of Liu Qiu and He Wenyuan and quotes the recommendation by Jian Yi, Hu Ying, and others that appointed Kuang Zhong magistrate of Suzhou.
25. [25] Colleagues Hu Ying served as a colleague of Xia Yuanji, Yang Shiqi, Jian Yi, and Yang Ning.
    • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The association entries identify Xia Yuanji, Yang Shiqi, Jian Yi, and Yang Ning as colleagues.
26. [26] Posthumous commemorations After Hu Ying’s death, Li Dongyang wrote a preface, Yao Kui composed the tomb inscription, and Li Xian wrote the spirit-way stele inscription.
    • CBDBHu Ying (67549)The association entries respectively identify Li Dongyang as the writer of a preface, Yao Kui as the writer of the tomb inscription, and Li Xian as the writer of the spirit-way stele inscription.