Fu Bi

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life and career

In 1030, the eighth year of the Tiansheng era under Emperor Renzong, he was selected as maocai yideng; the examination is also classified as the zhi ju examination in the Worthy and Upright category. He first held the post of Jiangzuo Jiancheng, then served as a clerk in the Heyang command, and subsequently held offices including judicial administrator of Jiangzhou, director of the Jixian Academy, Kaifeng prefectural judicial commissioner, director of the Remonstrance Office, and editor in the Historiographical Institute[6]. His career also included service as Salt and Iron Judicial Commissioner in the Three Offices[7].

In 1042, he became Drafter of Imperial Edicts (zhizhigao) and made two missions to Khitan. During the negotiations, he rejected demands for territorial cession and accepted an increase in annual payments as the condition[8].

In 1043, he was promoted to Deputy Commissioner of the Privy Council; another account calls him Commissioner of the Privy Council. With Du Yan and Fan Zhongyan, he led the Qingli reforms[9]. Well versed in frontier affairs, Fu Bi shared responsibility with Fan Zhongyan for the western and northern frontiers[10].

In 1044 he became prefect of Yunzhou, and later served as prefect of Qing, Zheng, Cai, Heyang, and Bing prefectures, as well as administrator of Henan Prefecture, Ruzhou, and Taiyuan Prefecture[11].

In 1055, he was summoned to the office of Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi and served as co-chancellor with Wen Yanbo. His policy emphasized preserving established arrangements, and he was known as an able chancellor; in 1061, he left office to observe mourning for his mother[12].

After Emperor Yingzong's accession, Fu Bi was recalled as Commissioner of the Privy Council, ennobled as Duke of Qi and then Duke of Zheng, and after two years was sent to serve as administrator of Yangzhou[13].

In 1068, the first year of the Xining era, he was transferred to administer Ruzhou; in 1069, the second year of the era, he entered the council with the titles Left Servant of State and Vice Director of the Chancellery, serving as Tong Pingzhangshi[14].

Because he disagreed politically with Wang Anshi, he sought to withdraw, was sent to administer Henan and then Bozhou, and was later impeached for resisting the Green Sprouts policy, demoted, and reassigned to administer Ruzhou as a Servant of State[15].

He subsequently requested retirement, returned to Luoyang to recuperate, was appointed Sikong, granted the title Duke of Han, and retired[16]. When Emperor Shenzong asked him about frontier affairs, Fu Bi said that he hoped not to speak of war for twenty years[17].

Politics and associates

In his later years, Fu Bi retired to Luoyang, where he regularly associated with Sima Guang and Lü Gongzhu and took part in the Luoyang Gathering of Senior Worthies[18]. He also built a residence for Liu Gai, who lived in seclusion at Nanye in Qingzhou; Fan Zhongyan and Wen Yanbo wished to recommend Liu Gai to the court, but Liu declined[19].

Writings

His works included twelve juan of *Memorials* (Zouyi), sixteen juan of *Memoranda* (Zhazi), and writings such as *Hebei Border-Defense Strategies* and *Collected Works*.[20] Other titles include *Zhicao*, *Tiansheng Yingzhao ji*, *Fengshi tiao*, *Biaozhang*, and *Qingzhou Zhenji ce*; works additionally listed under his authorship include *Qian Han shu gangmu* in one juan, *Qidan yi meng bielu* in five juan, *Jiujiu liumin jinghua shijian* in one juan, and *Fengshi yulu* in two juan together with *Fengshi bielu* in one juan[21].

The surviving collection is cited under two titles, *Fu Zhenggong ji* in one juan and *Fu Zhenggong shiji* in one juan[22]. Sima Guang and Chao Shuozhi wrote prefaces for his book[23].

Family

His father was Fu Yan (富言; 969–1031), and his mother was Han (韓氏); his wife was Yan (晏氏), and his father-in-law was Yan Shu (晏殊). His sister was Fu (富氏; 1016–1087)[24].

He had three sons, Fu Shaoting (富紹庭), Fu Shaojing (富紹京; 1047–1083), and Fu Shaolong (富紹隆). His sons-in-law included Feng Jing (馮京), husband of his eldest and second daughters, and Fan Dazong (范大琮) and Fan Dagui (范大珪), husbands of his third and fourth daughters[25]. Later relatives included his grandson Fu Zhiliang (富直亮), grandson-in-law Zhang Fu (張俌), the fourth-generation descendant Fu Su (富橚; 1137–1186), the direct descendant Fu Jiamou (富嘉謀), and the junior kinsman Fu Shu (富恕)[26].

Posthumous honors

Fu Bi died in 1083, in the sixth year of the Yuanfeng era, at the age of eighty. He was posthumously awarded the title Grand Commandant and the posthumous name Wenzhong[27].

TimelineCBDB

  1. 1040 三司鹽鐵判官
  2. 1043 同知樞密院事
  3. 1055 同中書門下平章事
  4. 1056 知某州軍州事
  5. 1056 觀文殿大學士
  6. 1063 樞密使
  7. 1065 某軍節度使
  8. 1065 知某州軍州事
  9. 1069 同中書門下平章事
  10. 1069 同中書門下平章事、昭文館大學士、監修國史
  11. 1069 封駁司
  12. 1069 知某州軍州事

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
三司鹽鐵判官10401040Era unknown宋朝
同知樞密院事10431044Era unknown宋朝
同中書門下平章事1055Era unknown宋朝
知某州軍州事10561057Era unknown亳州
觀文殿大學士1056Era unknown
樞密使1063Era unknown宋朝
某軍節度使1065Era unknown鎮海軍節度
知某州軍州事10651068Era unknown揚州
同中書門下平章事1069Era unknown宋朝
同中書門下平章事、昭文館大學士、監修國史1069Era unknown
封駁司1069Era unknown
知某州軍州事10691071Era unknown亳州
Year unknown36
OfficeEraPosting
侍中Era unknownUnknown
分司Era unknownUnknown
判某州軍州事Era unknown汝州
判某州軍州事Era unknown太原府
判某府軍府事Era unknown河南府
卿Era unknownUnknown
史館Era unknownUnknown
司空Era unknownUnknown
國公Era unknown韓國
國公Era unknown魏國
國公Era unknown鄭國
國公Era unknownUnknown
太師Era unknownUnknown
宣徽南院使Era unknownUnknown
宣撫使Era unknown河北路
宣撫使Era unknown河北路
將作監丞Era unknownUnknown
尚書左僕射兼門下侍郎Era unknownUnknown
府法曹參軍Era unknownUnknown
昭文館大學士Era unknownUnknown
某軍節度使Era unknown武寧軍節度
樞密副使Era unknownUnknown
正奉大夫Era unknownUnknown
知制誥Era unknownUnknown
知某州軍州事Era unknown江南
知某州軍州事Era unknown汝州
禮部尚書Era unknownUnknown
節度使Era unknown武寧軍節度
節度使Era unknown鎮海軍節度
觀文殿學士Era unknownUnknown
譯經使兼潤文Era unknownUnknown
資政殿大學士Era unknownUnknown
門下省給事中Era unknownUnknown
閤門宣贊舍人Era unknownUnknown
集禧觀使Era unknownUnknown
騎都尉Era unknownUnknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
父富言969–1031
岳父晏殊991–1055
母韓氏(富弼母)–
妻子晏氏(富弼妻)–
妹富氏(富言女)1016–1087
從子;姪子富紹修–
長子; 第一子富紹庭–
次子富紹京1047–1083
三子富紹隆–
孫富直亮–
孫女婿張俌–
玄孫;四世孫富橚1137–1186
直系後裔富嘉謀–
同族晚輩富恕–
長女婿馮京1021–1094
二女婿馮京1021–1094
四女婿范大珪–
三女婿范大琮–

AliasesCBDB

  • 彥國 字
  • 文忠 諡號

StatusCBDB

  • [財政官員]
  • [宰執]

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
田棐是田棐的恩主–
段希元友–
趙濟被趙濟彈劾–
錢明逸被錢明逸彈劾1070–
李師中推薦–
趙推薦1070–
魯有開推薦–
李孝基推薦1070–
孫復推薦1070–
李柬之推薦–
趙滋推薦–
令狐挻推薦–
韓樞推薦–
晏殊被晏殊推薦–
呂蒙正被呂蒙正欣賞/器重–
蘇頌欣賞/器重–
任山欣賞/器重–
陳侗辟–
馮京得到馮京的支持–
歐陽修得到歐陽修的支持–
晏殊得到晏殊的支持–
石介得到石介的支持–
司馬光書序由司馬光所作–
晁說之書序由晁說之所作–
范純仁墓誌銘由范純仁所作1070–
蘇軾墓誌銘由蘇軾所作1070–
韓維墓誌銘由韓維所作–
張奎為張奎作墓誌銘1070–
王曾為王曾作墓誌銘1070–
范仲淹為范仲淹作墓誌銘–
呂蒙正為呂蒙正作墓誌銘1070–
范純祐為范純祐作墓誌銘1063–
李彌遜書跋由李彌遜所作–
楊時書跋由楊時所作–
陳淵書跋由陳淵所作–
朱熹書跋由朱熹所作–
朱熹書跋由朱熹所作–
劉克莊書跋由劉克莊所作–
樓鑰書跋由樓鑰所作–
黃庭堅書跋由黃庭堅所作–
周必大書跋由周必大所作–
周必大書跋由周必大所作–
周必大書跋由周必大所作–
周必大書跋由周必大所作–
周必大書跋由周必大所作–
李光書跋由李光所作–
王柏書跋由王柏所作–
邵雍從邵雍遊1070–
王安石拒絕在王安石主政的政府中任職–
王筌門客為王筌–
田棐門客為田棐–
羅從彥傳記作者為羅從彥–
范純仁祭文由范純仁所作1070–
程顥祭文由程顥所作–
尹洙為尹洙作哀辭–
孫永神道碑的書法由孫永所作1070–
杜衍同僚–
文彥博同僚–
司馬光神道碑額篆由司馬光所作1070–
文彥博同會–
馮行己同會–
席汝言同會1070–
趙丙同會–
符惟忠為使團副使符惟忠的正使–
任山禮待–
杜衍政見趨同–
蘇軾神道碑由蘇軾所作–
韓國華為韓國華作神道碑1063–
范純仁行狀由范純仁所作–
李綱畫贊(畫像記)由李綱所作–
王十朋畫贊(畫像記)由王十朋所作–
歐陽修致書歐陽修–
孫沔致書孫沔–
張文蔚致書張文蔚–
吳處厚致書吳處厚–
歐陽修被致書由歐陽修–
歐陽修被致書由歐陽修–
歐陽修被致書由歐陽修–
王安石被致書由王安石–
晏殊被致書由晏殊–
程頤被致書由程頤–
李覯被致書由李覯–
李覯被致書由李覯–
李覯被致書由李覯–
蘇洵被致書由蘇洵–
蘇軾被致書由蘇軾–
陳襄被致書由陳襄–
陳襄被致書由陳襄–
陳襄被致書由陳襄–
強至被致書由強至–
呂大臨被致書由呂大臨–
黃庶被致書由黃庶–
陳舜俞被致書由陳舜俞–
釋契嵩被致書由釋契嵩–
趙抃收到趙抃的答書–
程頤收到程頤的答書–
韓維收到韓維的答書–
韓維收到韓維的答書–
蘇洵收到蘇洵的啓–
尹洙收到尹洙的啓–

Showing the first 100 of 107 records; the interactive page loads the full list.

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 制舉 (籠統)
科舉制舉: 賢良方正科

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
富鄭公詩集
制草
天聖應詔集
奉使條
奏議(富弼)
文集(富弼)
河北安邊策
表章
青州振濟策
前漢書綱目:一卷撰著者
契丹議盟別錄:五卷撰著者
救濟流民經畫事件:一卷撰著者
奉使語錄:二卷,奉使別錄:一卷撰著者

Citations

  1. [1] Name and dates Fu Bi's name and the years 1004 and 1083 are consistent across the biographical records.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The principal record gives the name Fu Bi and the years 1004 and 1083.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)All three biographical passages date Fu Bi's life from 1004 to 1083.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database富弼 (A004864)The authority record identifies Fu Bi and limits his birth and death to the years 1004 and 1083.
    • WikidataFu Bi (Q10954250)The person item gives the English name Fu Bi and time values for birth in 1004 and death in 1083.
  2. [2] Period and identity Fu Bi is identified as a political figure of the Northern Song.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database富弼 (A004864)The authority summary describes him as a leading Northern Song minister.
    • WikidataFu Bi (Q10954250)The person item describes Fu Bi as a Song dynasty politician.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The profile places him in the Northern Song and lists the office of chancellor.
  3. [3] Courtesy name Fu Bi's courtesy name was Yanguo, 彥國.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The alternate-name record identifies Yanguo, 彥國, as the courtesy name.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The biographical passages all give the courtesy name 彥國.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database富弼 (A004864)The authority record lists 彥國 among his aliases.
    • WikidataFu Bi (Q10954250)The person item gives both the romanized and Chinese forms of Yanguo.
  4. [4] Place of origin Fu Bi came from Luoyang in Henan, identified in the modern place description as Luoyang, Henan.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The basic native-place record gives Luoyang as his place of origin.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The profile and biographical passages identify his native place as Henan Luoyang.
  5. [5] Posthumous name Fu Bi received the posthumous name Wenzhong, 文忠.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The alternate-name record marks Wenzhong, 文忠, as a posthumous name.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The biographical passages explicitly state that he was posthumously named Wenzhong.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database富弼 (A004864)The authority record lists 文忠 and states that he received that posthumous name.
    • WikidataFu Bi (Q10954250)The person item records 文忠 as an alternate name.
  6. [6] Examination and early offices In 1030 Fu Bi passed the maocai yideng selection, with the category also classified as the zhi ju examination in the Worthy and Upright category; he then began a sequence of central and local offices.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The examination entries include the general zhi ju category and the Worthy and Upright category, while the office list includes Jiangzuo Jiancheng.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The biographical passages date the selection to the eighth year of Tiansheng and list Jiangzuo Jiancheng, the Heyang appointment, the Jixian Academy, Kaifeng, the Remonstrance Office, and the Historiographical Institute.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database富弼 (A004864)The authority summary records success in the eighth year of Tiansheng and the Heyang military-command appointment.
  7. [7] Three Offices appointment His appointments also included Salt and Iron Judicial Commissioner in the Three Offices.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The office list gives the Salt and Iron Judicial Commissioner appointment in 1040.
  8. [8] Mission to Khitan In 1042 Fu Bi became Drafter of Imperial Edicts and made two missions to Khitan; he rejected territorial cession and accepted increased annual payments as the condition.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The office list records the post of zhizhigao, Drafter of Imperial Edicts.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The biographical passages place the appointment in 1042 and describe the Khitan missions; one explicitly records the refusal to cede land and the acceptance of increased annual payments.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database富弼 (A004864)The authority summary states that in 1042 he rejected a demand for territory in exchange for increased annual payments.
  9. [9] Qingli reforms and Privy Council The records differ between Deputy Commissioner and Commissioner of the Privy Council for 1043; they agree that Fu Bi worked with Du Yan and Fan Zhongyan on the Qingli reforms.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The office list gives Deputy Commissioner, while an associated account says that in 1043 he became Commissioner and served with Du Yan and Fan Zhongyan.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The three passages preserve both Privy Council titles and describe his role with Fan Zhongyan and others in the Qingli reforms.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database富弼 (A004864)The authority summary calls him Deputy Commissioner in 1043 and associates him with the Qingli reforms.
  10. [10] Frontier responsibilities Fu Bi was regarded as familiar with frontier affairs and shared responsibility for the western and northern frontiers with Fan Zhongyan.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The biographical passage says that Fu Bi knew frontier affairs well and shared the western and northern frontier commands with Fan Zhongyan.
  11. [11] Provincial administration From 1044 onward Fu Bi administered Yunzhou and several other prefectures, including Henan, Ruzhou, and Taiyuan.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The office list includes Ruzhou, Yangzhou, Bozhou, Henan Prefecture, Ruzhou, and Taiyuan Prefecture among his postings.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The biographical passages record the 1044 appointment to Yunzhou and the sequence of Qing, Zheng, Cai, Heyang, and Bing prefectures.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database富弼 (A004864)The authority summary also records his service in Jiangzhou and Yunzhou.
  12. [12] Chancellorship and mourning In 1055 Fu Bi became a chief councillor alongside Wen Yanbo, was associated with a policy of preserving established arrangements, and in 1061 left office for mourning his mother.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The office list dates Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi to 1055, and the associated account records his joint chancellorship with Wen Yanbo.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The passages date his chancellorship to 1055, describe him as preserving established arrangements and an able minister, and record his mother's mourning absence.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database富弼 (A004864)The authority summary records that he shared the chancellorship with Wen Yanbo in 1055.
  13. [13] Yingzong-era honors and Yangzhou After Yingzong's accession, Fu Bi returned as Commissioner of the Privy Council, was successively made Duke of Qi and Duke of Zheng, and after two years administered Yangzhou.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The office and title data include Commissioner of the Privy Council, Duke of Zheng, and Yangzhou.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The passages record the recall under Yingzong, the titles Duke of Qi and Duke of Zheng, the two-year interval, and the subsequent Yangzhou posting.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database富弼 (A004864)The authority record lists Duke of Zheng and places the ennoblement after Yingzong's accession.
  14. [14] Xining appointments Fu Bi administered Ruzhou in 1068 and entered the council in 1069 with the titles Left Servant of State and Vice Director of the Chancellery, serving as Tong Pingzhangshi.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The office data include the Ruzhou posting and Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi from 1069.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The biographical passages date the Ruzhou transfer to 1068 and the Left Servant of State and Vice Director of the Chancellery appointment to 1069.
  15. [15] Disagreement, opposition, and demotion Political disagreement with Wang Anshi led Fu Bi to seek withdrawal, accept postings in Henan and Bozhou, and later suffer impeachment, demotion, and reassignment after resisting the Green Sprouts policy.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The associated account names Wang Anshi and records Fu Bi's withdrawal, while the office data include Bozhou and Ruzhou.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The passages describe his disagreement with Wang Anshi, his Henan or Bozhou assignments, and the censure or demotion connected with the Green Sprouts policy.
  16. [16] Retirement Fu Bi requested retirement, returned to Luoyang to recuperate, received the title Sikong, was granted Duke of Han, and retired.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The office and title data include Sikong and the Han title.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The passages record the return to Luoyang for illness, the request to retire, Sikong, Duke of Han, and retirement.
  17. [17] Answer on warfare When asked about frontier affairs, Fu Bi said that he hoped not to speak of war for twenty years.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The biographical passage preserves Fu Bi's answer to Shenzong concerning war and the twenty-year period.
  18. [18] Luoyang associations In retirement at Luoyang, Fu Bi associated with Sima Guang and Lü Gongzhu and took part in the Luoyang Gathering of Senior Worthies.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The association records describe his companionship with Sima Guang and Lü Gongzhu in Luoyang and list him among those attending the Luoyang gathering.
  19. [19] Building a residence for Liu Gai Fu Bi built a residence for Liu Gai at Nanye in Qingzhou; Fan Zhongyan and Wen Yanbo wished to recommend Liu Gai to the court, but he declined.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The two associated accounts say that Fu Bi built a residence for the recluse Liu Gai at Nanye and that Fan Zhongyan and Wen Yanbo wished to recommend him, but he refused.
  20. [20] Memorials and collected works His writings included twelve juan of Memorials, sixteen juan of Memoranda, and works such as the Hebei Border-Defense Strategies and Collected Works.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The writings list includes Zouyi, Hebei Border-Defense Strategies, and Collected Works.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The passages list Memorials, Memoranda, border-defense strategies, and collected works, specifying twelve and sixteen juan for the first two.
  21. [21] Other titles and authored works The writings list includes several additional titles and separately identifies further works as authored by Fu Bi, with their stated juan counts.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The writings list gives the five additional titles and marks the four later records as authored works, with the stated one-, five-, one-, and paired two-and-one-juan counts.
  22. [22] Two collection titles The surviving collection appears under two titles, Fu Zhenggong ji and Fu Zhenggong shiji, each in one juan.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The writings list includes Fu Zhenggong shiji.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The two biographical passages give the surviving collection as Fu Zhenggong ji and Fu Zhenggong shiji, preserving the two title forms.
  23. [23] Prefaces Sima Guang and Chao Shuozhi wrote prefaces for Fu Bi's book.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The association records identify Sima Guang and Chao Shuozhi as the authors of book prefaces associated with Fu Bi.
  24. [24] Immediate family Fu Yan was Fu Bi's father, Han his mother, Yan his wife, Yan Shu his father-in-law, and Fu his sister; the supplied dates are retained for Fu Yan and Fu.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The kinship data list Fu Yan with his birth and death years, Han as mother, Yan as wife, Yan Shu as father-in-law, and the sister Fu with her birth and death years.
  25. [25] Children and sons-in-law Fu Bi had three sons, and the kinship data identify Feng Jing, Fan Dazong, and Fan Dagui as sons-in-law associated with the first through fourth daughters.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The kinship data list the three sons, Fu Shaojing's years 1047–1083, and Feng Jing, Fan Dazong, and Fan Dagui as the sons-in-law of the specified daughters.
  26. [26] Later descendants Later kin include grandson Fu Zhiliang, grandson-in-law Zhang Fu, fourth-generation descendant Fu Su with the years 1137–1186, direct descendant Fu Jiamou, and junior kinsman Fu Shu.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The kinship data list Fu Zhiliang, Zhang Fu, Fu Su with years 1137–1186, Fu Jiamou as a direct descendant, and Fu Shu as a junior kinsman.
  27. [27] Death and honors Fu Bi died in 1083, the sixth year of Yuanfeng, at age eighty, and received the posthumous honors Grand Commandant and Wenzhong.
    • CBDBFu Bi (628)The principal record gives the death year 1083 and the alternate-name record marks Wenzhong as a posthumous name.
    • Souyun富弼 (24790)The biographical passages place his death in 1083; one explicitly gives the sixth year of Yuanfeng, age eighty, Grand Commandant, and Wenzhong.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database富弼 (A004864)The authority record gives a death range in 1083 and states that he received the posthumous name Wenzhong.
    • WikidataFu Bi (Q10954250)The person item records death in 1083 and Wenzhong as an alternate name.