Cai Xiang

TimelineCBDB

1. 1045 右正言
2. 1045 直史館
3. 1045 知某州軍州事
4. 1047 轉運使
5. 1055 樞密直學士
6. 1055 知某州軍州事
7. 1056 尚書省禮部司郎中
8. 1056 知某州軍州事
9. 1058 知某州軍州事
10. 1062 三司使
11. 1065 知某州軍州事
12. 1065 端明殿學士
13. 1065 起居郎

Office recordsCBDB

FamilyCBDB

AliasesCBDB

• 君謨 字
• 忠惠 諡號

StatusCBDB

• 書法家
• 詩人
• 史學家
• [財政官員]

AssociationsCBDB

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ExaminationsCBDB

WorksCBDB

Citations

1. [1] Identity and dates Cai Xiang was a Northern Song official, calligrapher, poet, and historian who lived from 1012 to 1067.
   • CBDBCai Xiang (1651)The basic record gives Cai Xiang's name, dates, Song affiliation, and calligrapher, poet, and historian statuses.
   • Souyun蔡襄 (29849)The profile and biographical passages identify him as a Northern Song figure born in 1012 and deceased in 1067, known for calligraphy and literature.
   • WikidataCai Xiang (Q1289157)The name and English description identify Cai Xiang and give the 1012–1067 dates.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database蔡襄 (A003898)The authority information describes him as a Northern Song official and calligrapher and gives date ranges in 1012 and 1067.
2. [2] Courtesy name and native place Cai Xiang's courtesy name was Junmo; his native place is given as Xianyou in Xinghua Jun, with Putian in Fujian as an alternative, and he also had the alias Puyang Jushi.
   • CBDBCai Xiang (1651)The basic record gives the courtesy name Junmo and Xianyou as the native place.
   • Souyun蔡襄 (29849)The profile and biographies give Junmo, Xinghua Xianyou, and the alternative Putian attribution.
   • WikidataCai Xiang (Q1289157)The aliases and claim data preserve Junmo as his courtesy name.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database蔡襄 (A003898)The authority information gives Junmo, Puyang Jushi, and Xianyou as the birthplace entry.
3. [3] Early career and poem Cai Xiang passed the examination in 1030, held early posts in Zhangzhou and Xijing, and wrote the poem 《四賢一不肖詩》 after Fan Zhongyan and others were demoted.
   • CBDBCai Xiang (1651)The examination entry confirms his jinshi qualification.
   • Souyun蔡襄 (29849)The biographies give the 1030 examination, Zhangzhou service, Xijing judicial post, Palace Library collatorship, and the circumstances and effect of 《四賢一不肖詩》.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database蔡襄 (A003898)The summary confirms his jinshi qualification in 1030.
4. [4] Remonstrance and Huangyou service In 1043 Cai Xiang held remonstrance and historiographical offices, supported the Qingli reforms, requested Fuzhou because of his aged mother, became a Fujian Transit Commissioner, and in 1052 served as a drafter of edicts and personnel official who returned improper appointments.
   • CBDBCai Xiang (1651)The office record lists his remonstrance, historiographical, edict-drafting, Fuzhou, and Fujian transit posts.
   • Souyun蔡襄 (29849)The biographies detail the Qingli-era offices, support for reform, request for Fuzhou, Fujian transfer administration, 1052 promotion, personnel duties, and returned appointments.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database蔡襄 (A003898)The summary confirms his successive court and local official appointments.
5. [5] Later career and death Cai Xiang served in Kaifeng, Fuzhou, and Quanzhou, then held Hanlin, Longtuge, Privy Council, Duanming Hall, and Three Financial Agencies posts before becoming prefect of Hangzhou and dying in 1067 at fifty-six.
   • CBDBCai Xiang (1651)The office record lists Hanlin, Duanming Hall, and Privy Council academicians, the Kaifeng, Hangzhou, Quanzhou, and Fuzhou appointments, and the 1062–1064 Three Financial Agencies tenure.
   • Souyun蔡襄 (29849)The biographies detail his Zhihe, Jiayou, and Zhiping appointments and record his death at fifty-six.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database蔡襄 (A003898)The death-date range falls in 1067.
6. [6] Other offices His wider career included military, palace-library, remonstrance, personnel, financial, and Nanjing offices, as well as the titles of Light-Chariot Commandant, Junior Preceptor, and the Three Institutes.
   • CBDBCai Xiang (1651)The office record lists Palace Recorder, Light-Chariot Commandant, the Three Institutes, Junior Preceptor, Right Remonstrator, the Ministry of Rites Secretariat post, Secretary, and military judge.
   • Souyun蔡襄 (29849)The profile adds the Zhangzhou, Xijing, Palace Library, Secretary, Right Remonstrator, Palace Attendant, personnel, financial, and Nanjing-Yingtian titles.
7. [7] Local administration Cai Xiang opened five irrigation ponds, sought a halving of the adult-male poll tax, and built the 360-zhang Wan'an Bridge across Quanzhou Bay.
   • Souyun蔡襄 (29849)The biographies describe the five ponds, tax reduction petition, Wan'an Bridge, its location and length, and its place in bridge history.
8. [8] Calligraphy and literary reputation Cai Xiang excelled in calligraphy and refined poetry and prose, was Ouyang Xiu's friend, received Ouyang's and Su Shi's esteem, followed the Sage of Calligraphy and Yan-Liu traditions, and was ranked among the Four Great Calligraphers; he also had the ci lyric 《好事近》.
   • CBDBCai Xiang (1651)The status information lists calligrapher and poet, and the association record identifies Ouyang Xiu as his friend.
   • Souyun蔡襄 (29849)The biographies describe his calligraphy and refined writing, Ouyang's and Su Shi's esteem, Su Shi's ranking of his scripts, the Four Great Calligraphers, and the ci lyric 《好事近》.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database蔡襄 (A003898)The summary states that he studied the Sage of Calligraphy and Yan-Liu and was grouped among the Song Four.
9. [9] Writings and editions His works include the Tea Record, Lychee Record, Longshou Dan Record, and Cai Zhonghui Collection; the Duanming Collection has a forty-scroll edition, while his poetry and collected works circulated in several scroll counts.
   • CBDBCai Xiang (1651)The writings information lists the Tea Record, Lychee Record, Duanming Collection, Longshou Dan Record, and thirty-six-scroll Cai Zhonghui Collection.
   • Souyun蔡襄 (29849)The biographies list the works and describe the forty-scroll Duanming Collection, nine-scroll poetry, an additional outside-poems scroll, and thirty-six- and forty-scroll Cai Zhonghui Collection editions.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database蔡襄 (A003898)The summary lists the Tea Record, Lychee Record, and Cai Zhonghui Collection.
10. [10] Poem attribution Three poems were once attributed to Zhang Xu, a note treated this as Hong Mai's mistake, and the arrangement was retained.
    • Souyun蔡襄 (29849)The textual discussion names the three poems, their attribution to Zhang Xu in 《萬首唐人絕句》, the note calling it Hong Mai's mistake, and the retained arrangement.
11. [11] Immediate family Cai Xiang's father was Cai Xiu, his father-in-law was Ge Weiming, and his brothers and sons are named in the kinship information.
    • CBDBCai Xiang (1651)The kinship information gives the father, father-in-law, two younger brothers, and three sons with the available dates.
12. [12] Descendants The recorded lineage includes descendants from the grandson through the eighth-generation levels and a direct-line descendant.
    • CBDBCai Xiang (1651)The kinship information names Cai Zhou, Cai Chuan, Cai Guang, Cai Mao, Cai Kan, Cai Yiguo, Cai Xian, Cai Deyan, Cai Xiao, and Cai Lian with their generational relationships.
13. [13] Posthumous honors and burial The posthumous rank is reported as either Vice Minister of Rites or Vice Minister of Personnel; he received Zhonghui during the Qiandao era and was buried at Cailing in Fengting.
    • CBDBCai Xiang (1651)The basic record identifies Zhonghui as the posthumous name.
    • Souyun蔡襄 (29849)The biographies confirm Zhonghui, report the Rites-ministry variant of the posthumous rank, and give the Qiandao-era conferment.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database蔡襄 (A003898)The authority information gives Zhonghui, the Personnel-ministry variant, and burial at Cailing in Fengting.