[1]Identity and datesTwo biographical texts and the profile give 1030–1097, while a third biographical text gives 1030–1098; the profile and the descriptive entry identify him as a Northern Song political figure.
Souyun劉摯 (22906)The profile and three biographical texts provide the name, Northern Song affiliation, and the differing life dates, with the third text giving 1098 as the death year.
CBDBLiu Zhi (8089)The basic person record supplies the romanized and Chinese forms of the name.
WikidataZhi Liu (Q10899845)The English label and Chinese description identify the person, while the date claims give 1030 as the birth year and 1097 as the death year, with duplicate day-level forms.
[2]Courtesy name, native place, and posthumous titleShenlao is the courtesy name, Hualao is an alternative form, the native place has two forms, and Zhong-su is the posthumous title.
Souyun劉摯 (22906)The profile and biographical texts provide the two courtesy-name forms and identify Dongguang in Yongjing Commandery as his native place.
CBDBLiu Zhi (8089)The basic record labels Shenlao as the courtesy name and Zhong-su as the posthumous title, and lists Xucheng as the native-place address while also associating Dongguang with him.
WikidataZhi Liu (Q10899845)The name and claim data provide the romanized forms Shenlao and Zhongsu and the Chinese forms of the courtesy name and posthumous title.
[3]Examination and early officesHe passed the jinshi examination in 1059, held the Nangong and Jiangling offices, and was recommended by Han Qi for a post as a palace-library collator.
Souyun劉摯 (22906)Both biographical texts give the 1059 jinshi examination, the Nangong and Jiangling appointments, and Han Qi's recommendation during Zhiping.
CBDBLiu Zhi (8089)The examination entry identifies him as a jinshi and the office data supplies the Nangong magistracy, corroborating the early career sequence.
[4]Censorate and opposition to the new lawsIn 1071 he became an acting investigating censor, opposed the new laws, and was demoted to the Hengzhou salt granary; Wang Anshi initially valued him, but he refused to support the new laws.
Souyun劉摯 (22906)All three biographical texts describe the 1071 censorate appointment, opposition to the new laws, and demotion to the Hengzhou salt granary; two explicitly characterize the laws as inconvenient or harmful to the people.
CBDBLiu Zhi (8089)The office data lists the acting censor and Hengzhou salt-supervision posts, while the association note states that Wang Anshi admired him but that he did not follow Anshi and memorialized against the new laws.
[5]Yuanfeng offices and dismissalHe served in the rites court, Kaifeng, and the Right Secretariat Office, was impeached after proposing joint executive business, returned home, and then became governor of Huazhou.
Souyun劉摯 (22906)The biographical texts give the sequence from the rites court to Kaifeng, the Right Secretariat Office, dismissal, and the Huazhou appointment; the title list confirms the corresponding offices.
CBDBLiu Zhi (8089)The office data separately lists the Yunzhou appointment; the detailed dismissal and Huazhou sequence is supplied by the biographical texts.
[6]Zhezong and the Yuanyou promotionsAfter Zhezong's accession he held the personnel and censorate offices and attacked the New Policies faction; he then rose through the central offices from Right Vice Councillor to Left Vice Councillor, Vice Grand Councillor, and Grand Councillor.
Souyun劉摯 (22906)The three biographical texts and title list together confirm the personnel and censorate appointments, the attack on the New Policies faction, and the subsequent central promotions.
CBDBLiu Zhi (8089)The office data lists the censorate posts and dates the successive central appointments from 1086 through 1089.
[7]Shuo faction and variant titleOne biographical text calls him a leader of the Shuo faction; the 1091 Right Vice Director title appears as Right Pushe in one text and as Right Yishe in another, while the office record gives Right Pushe concurrently with the Gate Councilor.
Souyun劉摯 (22906)The second biographical text gives the 1091 appointment as Right Pushe, while the third calls him a Shuo-faction leader and uses the variant Right Yishe.
CBDBLiu Zhi (8089)The office record dates the appointment to 1091 and gives the title as Right Pushe concurrently serving as Gate Councilor.
[8]Impeachment and provincial transfersHis forthrightness and hostility to wrongdoing were followed by slander and an accusation of advancing private party interests; he was sent to Yunzhou and transferred to Qingzhou.
Souyun劉摯 (22906)The biographical texts describe his forthright character, the slander and accusations, and the transfers to Yunzhou and Qingzhou; the title list confirms the provincial offices.
CBDBLiu Zhi (8089)The office data separately lists the Yunzhou governorship, corroborating the provincial transfer.
[9]Additional provincial officesThe career list also includes Daming, Qingzhou, and Huangzhou provincial appointments.
Souyun劉摯 (22906)The title list names the Daming, Qingzhou, and Huangzhou provincial offices.
CBDBLiu Zhi (8089)The office data lists the Huangzhou governorship and dates it to 1094–1095.
[10]Shaosheng demotion and deathAfter Zhezong took personal control at the beginning of Shaosheng, Liu was demoted as a Yuanyou party adherent to the Dingzhou military-training assistantship and then assigned to Xinzhou, where he died in Shaosheng 4 aged sixty-eight.
Souyun劉摯 (22906)The three biographical texts describe the personal rule, repeated demotions, Xinzhou assignment, and death in exile; one text adds the Dingzhou military-training post and age sixty-eight.
CBDBLiu Zhi (8089)The status data identifies him as one of those entered in the Yuanyou party register, matching the stated basis of the demotion.
[11]Teachers and scholarly statusLiu Shu, Jiang Qian, and Gong Dingchen are identified as his teachers; he is also identified as a Chunqiu scholar, a man of letters, and a Yuanyou party adherent.
CBDBLiu Zhi (8089)The association entries identify Liu Shu, Jiang Qian, and Gong Dingchen as teachers, while the status entries identify him as a Chunqiu scholar, a man of letters, and a Yuanyou party adherent.
[12]Friendship and political conflictHe was a friend of Yang Wei in 1092 and was involved with Zhang Dun in impeachment, opposition, and polemical relations.
CBDBLiu Zhi (8089)The association entries name Yang Wei as a friend beginning in 1092 and describe the Zhang Dun relations with impeachment, opposition, and polemics.
[13]Immediate family and affinesLiu Juzheng was his father; Liu Qi and Liu Dao were sons, Cai Fan was a son-in-law, and Tian Ziliang and Cai Yi were affinal relations, with Cai Yi being the husband of a maternal-side cousin.
CBDBLiu Zhi (8089)The kinship entries list Liu Juzheng as father, Tian Ziliang as an in-law, Cai Yi as the husband of a maternal-side cousin, Liu Qi as a son, Cai Fan as a son-in-law, and Liu Dao as the younger son.
[14]Later descendants and clan kinThe listed later kin include Liu Mou, Liu Xun, Liu Rui, Liu Zhensun, Liu Jia, Liu Congyu, and Liu Dong with the stated generational relations.
CBDBLiu Zhi (8089)The kinship entries identify Liu Mou as a grandson and Liu Rui's father, Liu Xun and Liu Rui as great-grandsons, Liu Zhensun as a sixth-generation descendant, Liu Jia and Liu Congyu as direct descendants, and Liu Dong as a junior kinsman.
[15]Works and reconstructionThe forty-juan Zhong-su ji was lost and later reconstructed in twenty juan from the Yongle Dadian, including six juan of poetry; a separate one-juan Xingnian ji is also listed.
Souyun劉摯 (22906)The three biographical texts identify the Zhong-su ji, and one gives the original forty juan, its loss, the twenty-juan reconstruction from the Yongle Dadian, and its six poetry juan.
CBDBLiu Zhi (8089)The works data lists the twenty-juan Zhong-su ji and the one-juan Liu Zhong-su gong (Zhi) xingnian ji.
CBDB
