[1]Identity and datesFang Fengchen lived from 1221 to 1291 and is identified as a late-Song and early-Yuan scholar and civil official associated with Neo-Confucian learning.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The main record supplies the name, life dates, Song affiliation, and classifications as a civil official and Neo-Confucian scholar.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The profile places him in the Song–Yuan transition, while the biographical text presents his official and Neo-Confucian identity.
WikidataFang Fengchen (Q11085037)The item supplies the English name and identifies him as a Song-dynasty person.
[2]Names and styleFang Fengchen was originally named Mengkui, also appears as Fang Mengkui and Fang Dachen, used Junxi and Shengxi as courtesy names, and was styled Jiaofeng xiansheng.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The alternate-name entries list Mengkui, Fang Mengkui, Fang Dachen, Junxi, Shengxi, and Jiaofeng xiansheng with their name types.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The profile and biographical texts give the names Mengkui, Junxi, Shengxi, and Jiaofeng xiansheng.
WikidataFang Fengchen (Q11085037)The Chinese alias entries confirm the corresponding courtesy names, former names, and style.
[3]Hometown and fatherFang Fengchen came from Chun'an in Yanzhou, now Chun'an in Zhejiang, and was the son of Fang Rong.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The address and kinship entries give Chun'an and his father Fang Rong.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The profile and biographies identify him as a native of Yanzhou Chun'an, now in Zhejiang, and name Fang Rong as his father.
[4]Examination and bestowed nameHe placed first in the jinshi examination in 1250, after which Emperor Lizong bestowed the name Fengchen.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The examination entry identifies him as a jinshi candidate and gives the first-place rank.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)All three biographical texts state that he placed first in the tenth year of Chunyou and that Lizong changed or bestowed his name.
[5]Family backgroundHis recorded family included Fang Ruyi, Fang Qian, his mother from the Shao family, his two younger brothers, and his agnatic cousin Fang Tianji.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The kinship entries name his great-grandfather Fang Ruyi, grandfather Fang Qian, mother Shao, brothers Fang Fengzhen and Fang Fengjia, and agnatic cousin Fang Tianji.
[6]Wives and descendantsThe kinship entries identify Shao, Zhao, and Zhu as wives and list three sons, three daughters, sons-in-law, a grandson, and a great-grandson.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The kinship entries give the wives and their order, three sons, three daughters, the sons-in-law, grandson Fang Yikui, and great-grandson Fang Daorui.
[7]First appointmentsAfter the examination, Fang Fengchen was appointed Chengshilang and signed the documents of the Pingjiang Military Commissioner's Office.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The career biographies give his initial appointment as Chengshilang and his signing post at the Pingjiang military office.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The office entries confirm the Chengshilang and Pingjiang signing appointments.
[8]Baoyou appointmentsHe became a Palace Library Corrector in 1253, was dismissed from the collator post after remonstrating, and became prefect of Ningguo in 1256.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The career biographies detail the 1253 Palace Library appointment, the following dismissal for remonstrance, and the 1256 appointment at Ningguo.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The office entries confirm the Palace Library Corrector and Collator posts.
[9]Kaiching and JingdingHe was summoned as Palace Library Erudite in 1259, made Acting Left Palace Secretariat Aide, and was dismissed in 1260 after remonstrating against Jia Sidao.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The career biographies record the 1259 appointment as Palace Library Erudite, the acting left-office post, and the dismissal after offending Jia Sidao.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The office entries list the two Palace Library Erudite entries and the Left Palace Secretariat Aide post.
[10]Local appointmentsHe became prefect of Ruizhou in 1261 and also held local posts connected with Jiaxing and Junzhou, with the Junzhou appointment dated 1262–1263.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The career text states that he became prefect of Ruizhou in the second year of Jingding.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The office entries give the Ruizhou, Jiaxing, and Junzhou appointments and date the Junzhou post from 1262 to 1263.
[11]Xianchun appointmentsDuring Xianchun he held offices in the Bureau of Ranks, Secretariat Academy, historiography, Veritable Records, Palace Library, court attendance, Jiangdong investigation, and Jiangxi transport.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The two career biographies give the sequence of his court and regional appointments from 1265 through 1268.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The office entries confirm the Bureau of Ranks, historiographical, Palace Library, court-attendance, Secretarial Chamber, Jiangdong investigation, and Jiangxi transport posts.
[12]War and Personnel ministriesHe became Acting Vice Minister of War in 1269 and Vice Minister of Personnel in 1271.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The career text dates his acting war-ministry appointment to Xianchun 5 and his Personnel appointment to Xianchun 7.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The office entries confirm the acting Vice Minister of War and Vice Minister of Personnel posts.
[13]Opposition and resignationWhen Zheng Qingzhi and Jia Sidao dominated the court, Fang Fengchen denounced them, retired on grounds of illness, and accepted neither the Personnel nor Rites ministry.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The biographies describe his criticism of Zheng Qingzhi and Jia Sidao, retirement on illness, and refusal of the Personnel and Rites ministries.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The association entries identify Zheng Qingzhi and Jia Sidao and preserve the account of Fang Fengchen's opposition and retirement.
[14]Mourning, seclusion, and summonsAfter mourning his mother, Fang Fengchen abandoned office; after the Song fell he taught at Jiaofeng and declined the Yuan emperor's summons.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The three biographies describe his departure during mourning, post-Song seclusion and teaching, refusal of the Yuan summons, and the title Master Jiaofeng.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The status entries classify him as a teacher of students, a recluse, and a recluse who taught.
[15]Death and ageFang Fengchen died in 1291 at the age of seventy-one.
[16]Neo-Confucian learningFang Fengchen revered Zhu Xi, interpreted Mencius and Cheng–Zhu moral theory, and is classified as a Neo-Confucian scholar.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The academic description states that he revered Zhu Xi and interpreted Mencius and the moral theory of the Cheng–Zhu school.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The status entry classifies Fang Fengchen as a Neo-Confucian scholar.
[17]Teaching and studentsHe taught in Wuzhou and at Jiaofeng; Wei Xinzhi studied under him, and Jiang Mu invited him to teach at a charitable school.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The career biography records his lectures and teaching in Wuzhou.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The status and association entries confirm his teaching, Wei Xinzhi's dates and study under him, and Jiang Mu's invitation to teach at a charitable school.
[18]FriendshipWu Panlong is identified as Fang Fengchen's friend.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The association entry labels Wu Panlong's relationship with Fang Fengchen as friendship.
[19]Preface relationshipsFang Fengchen wrote prefaces for works by Qian Keze, Lin Jingxi, Yao Mian, Hu Boji, Zheng Bao, and Wang Xun Yuan, and exchanged literary prefaces with Lin Jingxi.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The association entries list his prefaces for works by Qian Keze, Lin Jingxi, Yao Mian, Hu Boji, Zheng Bao, and Wang Xun Yuan, including the literary-preface exchange with Lin Jingxi.
[20]WorksHis attributed works include Mingwu mengqiu, Xiaojing jie, Yi waizhuan, Shangshu shizhuan or Shangshu zhuan, Xueyong zhushi or Zhongyong Daxue zhushi, and Jiaofeng wenji.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The works entries list Jiaofeng wenji, Mingwu mengqiu, Xiaojing jie, Yi waizhuan, Shangshu shizhuan, and Xueyong zhushi, with Mingwu mengqiu marked as authored by him.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The biographical texts list Xiaojing jie, Yi waizhuan, the two Shangshu titles, the two Xueyong titles, and Jiaofeng wenji.
[21]Compilation of the collected worksMost of his writings were lost; Yuan compiled an eight-chapter collected works, and Zhong continued it with a four-chapter outer collection.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The poetry entry states that most writings were lost and gives the eighth- and seventh-generation descendants' compilations and their chapter counts.
[22]Poetry editionsThe poetry was based on Fang Zhong's 1463 woodblock edition and collated against the Wenyuange Siku quanshu edition.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The poetry description identifies the Tianshun 7 Fang Zhong edition as the base text and the Wenyuange Siku quanshu edition as the collation text.
[23]Posthumous textsHuang Jin wrote a book preface and Qianbiao, Wen Jiweng wrote Fang Fengchen's epitaph, and He Menggui composed a portrait eulogy.
CBDBFang Fengchen (3294)The literary-association entries identify Huang Jin as the author of a book preface and grave-table text, Wen Jiweng as the epitaph author, and He Menggui as the portrait-eulogy author.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The collected-work descriptions name Huang Jin's Qianbiao and Wen Jiweng's epitaph for Fang Fengchen.
[24]Epitaph locationWen Jiweng's epitaph appears in volume 3 of Jiaofeng waiji.
Souyun方逢辰 (26508)The biographical entry locates Wen Jiweng's epitaph in volume 3 of Jiaofeng waiji.
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