Wan Tang

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

His examination record lists him as a shengyuan and a provincial examination candidate.[2] In the seventeenth year of the Hongzhi reign (1504), he placed second in the Jiangxi provincial examination; in the eighteenth year (1505), he passed the metropolitan examination in the second degree, ranked 95th,[3] and was appointed a secretary in the Ministry of Justice (Xingbu zhushi).[4]

During the Zhengde reign, he rose through the Ministry of Personnel to become Director of the Office of Personnel Selection.[5] The office was damaged by fire, and he was imprisoned; after redemption, he was restored to office.[6] He subsequently served as a Vice Minister in the Court of Imperial Sacrifices and as Vice Minister of the Court of Judicial Review, advancing to its Left Vice Minister in the fifth month of the sixteenth year of Zhengde.[7]

After the Jiajing emperor’s accession, Wan was rewarded with gold and silk because he had written to the magistrate Liu Yuanqing urging him to guard against Zhu Chenhao’s rebellion.[8] In the second month of the first year of Jiajing (1522), he became Prefect of Shuntian Prefecture, but left office to observe mourning; after completing the mourning period, he was restored to the same office in the sixth month of Jiajing 5 (1526).[9]

In the tenth month of Jiajing 6 (1527), he was promoted to Right Vice Censor of the Nanjing Censorate; in the seventh month of Jiajing 7 (1528), he became Vice Minister of War in Nanjing; and in the seventh month of Jiajing 8 (1529), he was promoted to Right Censor-in-Chief of the Nanjing Censorate.[10] In the winter of Jiajing 11 (1532), after speaking on a comet-related matter, he angered the emperor, was stripped of office, and was ordered by the Ministry of Personnel to remain barred from appointment; he spent the next ten years at home, with repeated recommendations for his reappointment rejected.[11]

After Yan Song came to dominate the court, Wan benefited from his patronage. In the third month of Jiajing 22 (1543), he was recalled as Right Vice Censor to investigate affairs in Huguang and Guizhou and to participate in both military suppression and pacification.[12] He accepted the stratagem of the native commander Tian Yingchao, lured out the chieftain, and directed troops to defeat him; after the pacification in Jiajing 24, he was recalled to the capital and appointed Vice Minister of War.[13] When the Tongping chieftain Long Zixian rebelled again, Censor Miao Wenlong claimed that Wan had failed in both suppression and pacification; the emperor ordered the provincial military and civil authorities to review the case, and after responsibility was assigned to Military Brigade Commander Li Jing, the matter was settled.[14]

In the first month of Jiajing 25 (1546), Wan became Left Vice Minister of War; in the third month of Jiajing 26 (1547), he was made Minister of Justice in Nanjing; in the second month of Jiajing 28 (1549), he was transferred to Minister of Rites in Nanjing; and in the third month of Jiajing 30 (1551), he was recalled as Minister of Justice, replacing Li Mo as Minister of Personnel in the tenth month.[15] After completing nine years in office in the third month of Jiajing 32 (1553), he was granted the title Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent.[16]

As Minister of Personnel, Wan acted under Yan Song’s patronage, generally following Yan’s wishes and becoming involved in corruption and bribery.[17] When the post of Censor-in-Chief for the Xunyang region became vacant, he recommended the Director of the Transmission Office, Zhao Wenhua; when Censorate Secretary Zhu Bochen impeached Zhao, Zhao in turn accused Wan of using the affair to push him aside.[18] In the eighth month of Jiajing 32, the emperor, enraged, dismissed Zhu and Wan together.[19] Wan died in 1565.[20] His office was restored in the early Longqing reign.[21] He was posthumously presented with the title Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent.[22]

Family and associations

Wan Fu (1447–1522) was his father.[23]

His great-grandfather was Wan Dequan, his grandfather Wan Yuanhe, his mother was Lady Rao, and his wife was Lady Yang.[24] His elder brothers were Wan Shisheng, Wan Shilu, Wan Zi, Wan Qin, Wan Rui, Wan Biao, and Wan Sui; his younger brother was Wan Hao, and his son was Wan Fen.[25]

At partings, Wan received farewell writings—farewell poems and prefaces—from Lü Nan, Shu Fen, and Liu Long. He also received poems and prose from Jin Xueyan and letters from Zhang Yue, Wang Weizhen, and Fei 宷; he was impeached by Yuan Hongyu, and Lin Yingqi offended him.[26]

Works

His works include 《治齋集》; other titles associated with him are 《治齋文集》 in four juan, 《治齋集》 in seventeen juan, and 《萬太宰奏疏》.[27]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 1512 吏部考功司員外郎 正德
  2. 1515 吏部文選清吏司郎中 正德
  3. 1516 太僕寺少卿 正德
  4. 1516 太常寺少卿 正德
  5. 1519 大理寺右少卿 正德
  6. 1521 大理寺左少卿 正德
  7. 1522 府尹 嘉靖
  8. 1526 府尹 嘉靖
  9. 1527 都察院右副都御史 嘉靖
  10. 1528 兵部右侍郎 嘉靖
  11. 1529 兵部左侍郎 嘉靖
  12. 1529 都察院右都御史 嘉靖
  13. 1543 勘處湖廣貴州夷情右副都御史 嘉靖
  14. 1543 右副都御史 嘉靖
  15. 1546 兵部左侍郎 嘉靖
  16. 1547 刑部尚書 嘉靖
  17. 1549 禮部尚書 嘉靖
  18. 1551 刑部尚書 嘉靖
  19. 1551 吏部尚書 嘉靖

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
吏部考功司員外郎15121515正德
吏部文選清吏司郎中15151516正德
太僕寺少卿1516正德
太常寺少卿15161519正德
大理寺右少卿15191521正德
大理寺左少卿15211522正德
府尹15221524嘉靖順天府
府尹15261527嘉靖順天府
都察院右副都御史15271528嘉靖南京
兵部右侍郎15281529嘉靖南京
兵部左侍郎1529嘉靖南京
都察院右都御史15291532嘉靖南京
勘處湖廣貴州夷情右副都御史1543嘉靖
右副都御史1543嘉靖
兵部左侍郎15461547嘉靖
刑部尚書15471549嘉靖南京
禮部尚書15491551嘉靖南京
刑部尚書1551嘉靖
吏部尚書1551嘉靖
Year unknown18
OfficeEraPosting
兵部右侍郎Era unknown南京
兵部右侍郎嘉靖南京
兵部左侍郎Era unknownUnknown
刑部主事弘治Unknown
刑部尚書Era unknown京師、南京
刑部尚書嘉靖南京
副都御史Era unknownUnknown
勘處湖廣貴州夷情右副都御史嘉靖貴州宣慰使司
右都御史Era unknownUnknown
吏部尚書Era unknownUnknown
吏部文選司郎中正德Unknown
吏部文選清吏司郎中Era unknownUnknown
太子少保Era unknownUnknown
府尹Era unknown順天府
禮部尚書Era unknown京師、南京
禮部尚書嘉靖南京
都察院右副都御史嘉靖南京
都察院右都御史嘉靖南京

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
曾祖萬德銓–
祖父萬原和–
父萬福1447–1522
父萬福–
母饒氏(萬鏜母)–
兄萬仕勝–
兄萬仕魯–
兄萬鎡–
兄萬欽–
兄萬銳–
兄萬鑣–
兄萬鐩–
弟萬鎬–
妻子楊氏(萬鏜妻)–
子萬汾–

AliasesCBDB

  • □□ 字
  • 仕鳴 字
  • 十八 行第
  • 治齋 室名、別號

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
袁洪愈被袁洪愈彈劾–
呂柟臨別得到呂柟所作贈言(送別詩、序)–
舒芬臨別得到舒芬所作贈言(送別詩、序)–
劉龍臨別得到劉龍所作贈言(送別詩、序)–
張岳被致書由張岳–
張岳被致書由張岳–
王維楨被致書由王維楨–
費宷被致書由費宷–
靳學顏收到靳學顏的贈詩、文–
林應麒被林應麒得罪-9999–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)第二甲第九十五名
科舉: 鄉貢舉人
學校: 生員(庠生)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
治齋文集:四卷
治齋集:十七卷
萬太宰奏疏

Citations

  1. [1] Identity Wan Tang lived from 1485 to 1565, was a Ming official, used Shiming as his courtesy name and Zhizhai as his studio name, and came from Jinxian County in Nanchang Prefecture, Jiangxi.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)The person record gives the name Wan Tang, the years 1485 and 1565, the Ming dynasty, the courtesy name Shiming, the studio name Zhizhai, and Jinxian as the native place.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical entry likewise gives the dates, Ming affiliation, courtesy name, studio name, Jinxian origin, and service as Xingbu zhushi.
    • WikidataWan Tang (Q15911172)The item uses Wan Tang as its English label, describes him as a Ming-dynasty person, and gives time values for birth in 1485 and death in 1565.
  2. [2] Examination status Wan Tang’s examination record includes the status of shengyuan and that of a provincial examination candidate.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)The examination and school entries identify him as a provincial examination candidate and a shengyuan.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account identifies him as a successful provincial examination candidate.
  3. [3] Degrees and rank In 1504 Wan placed second in the Jiangxi provincial examination; in 1505 he passed the metropolitan examination in the second degree, ranked 95th.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account gives the 1504 provincial examination result and the 1505 second-degree metropolitan examination rank.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)The examination entry identifies him as a jinshi and gives the rank as second degree, ninety-fifth place.
  4. [4] First appointment After passing the examination, Wan Tang was appointed Xingbu zhushi, an official in the Ministry of Justice.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)Both biographical accounts identify Xingbu zhushi as Wan Tang’s appointment after the jinshi examination.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)The office record lists Xingbu zhushi.
  5. [5] Zhengde advancement During the Zhengde reign, Wan Tang rose from Xingbu zhushi to Director of the Office of Personnel Selection.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account says that during Zhengde he was repeatedly promoted from Xingbu zhushi to the Personnel Selection office.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)The office records list his Zhengde appointments as Kaogong yuanwailang and Wenxuan qinglisi langzhong, with their years of service.
  6. [6] Fire and imprisonment After a fire in the Personnel Selection office, Wan Tang was imprisoned and regained his post after redemption.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account relates the office fire, imprisonment, redemption, and restoration to office.
  7. [7] Late Zhengde offices Wan Tang later served as Taichang si shaoqing and Dali si you shaoqing, advancing to Dali si zuo shaoqing in the fifth month of Zhengde 16.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account lists Taichang si shaoqing, Dali si you shaoqing, and advancement to the left post in the sixteenth year of Zhengde.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)The office records list the Court of Imperial Sacrifices and Court of Judicial Review appointments and their dates, including the left junior post.
  8. [8] Liu Yuanqing episode After the Jiajing emperor’s accession, Wan Tang wrote to Liu Yuanqing, urging him to guard against Zhu Chenhao’s rebellion, and was rewarded with gold and silk.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account connects the letter to magistrate Liu Yuanqing, the warning about Zhu Chenhao, and the imperial reward of gold and silk.
  9. [9] Prefect of Shuntian Wan Tang became Prefect of Shuntian in Jiajing 1, left office for mourning, and returned to the post in the sixth month of Jiajing 5.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account gives the appointment in Jiajing 1, the mourning absence, and restoration in the sixth month of Jiajing 5.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)The office records show two periods as Prefect of Shuntian, from Jiajing 1 to 3 and from Jiajing 5 to 6.
  10. [10] Nanjing appointments From Jiajing 6 through Jiajing 8, Wan Tang successively held three senior Nanjing offices: Right Vice Censor, Vice Minister of War, and Right Censor-in-Chief.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account gives the three Nanjing appointments and their months in Jiajing 6, 7, and 8.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)The office records identify the corresponding Nanjing posts and give the starting years as Jiajing 6, 7, and 8.
  11. [11] Dismissal after comet memorial In the winter of Jiajing 11 (1532), Wan Tang was dismissed after speaking on a comet-related matter, barred from further appointment, and kept at home for ten years while recommendations were rejected.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account gives the comet-related remonstrance, imperial anger, dismissal, prohibition on appointment, and ten years at home.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)The office record ends the dated Nanjing Right Censor-in-Chief appointment in 1532, corresponding to Jiajing 11.
  12. [12] Recall and frontier administration After Yan Song’s rise, Wan Tang was recalled in Jiajing 22 to serve as Right Vice Censor and investigate affairs in Huguang and Guizhou while participating in suppression and pacification.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account connects Yan Song’s control and patronage with Wan Tang’s Jiajing 22 recall and his Huguang–Guizhou duties.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)The office records list the Jiajing 22 post of Right Vice Censor for investigating affairs in Huguang and Guizhou.
  13. [13] Campaign in Huguang and Guizhou Wan Tang adopted Tian Yingchao’s plan, lured out a chieftain, defeated him, and was recalled to the capital as Vice Minister of War after the pacification in Jiajing 24.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account describes Tian Yingchao’s stratagem, the induced capture or arrival of the chieftain, the military victory, the Jiajing 24 pacification, and Wan’s recall as Vice Minister of War.
  14. [14] Long Zixian revolt After Long Zixian, the Tongping chieftain, rebelled again, Miao Wenlong accused Wan Tang of failing in both suppression and pacification; the case was reviewed and responsibility assigned to Li Jing.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account gives the second revolt, Miao Wenlong’s accusation, the imperial review, and the subsequent assignment of blame to Li Jing.
  15. [15] Late promotions From Jiajing 25 to Jiajing 30, Wan Tang held the offices of Left Vice Minister of War, Nanjing Minister of Justice, Nanjing Minister of Rites, Minister of Justice, and Minister of Personnel, replacing Li Mo in the last appointment.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account specifies the successive promotions from Jiajing 25 through Jiajing 30, the Nanjing appointments, and the replacement of Li Mo.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)The office records list the titles and starting years for the 1546–1551 sequence of appointments.
  16. [16] Junior Guardian After completing nine years in office in the third month of Jiajing 32, Wan Tang was granted the title Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account states that nine years in office were completed in Jiajing 32 and that Wan received the title Taizi shaobao; the profile lists the same title.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)The office record confirms that Wan held the Ministry of Personnel post at this stage of his career.
  17. [17] Yan Song and corruption As Minister of Personnel, Wan Tang benefited from Yan Song’s recommendation, generally followed Yan’s wishes, and was involved in corruption and bribery.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)Both biographical accounts describe Yan Song’s recommendation, Wan’s compliance with Yan’s wishes, and corruption or bribery; the latter places this in his rise to Minister of Personnel.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)The office record lists Wan Tang as Minister of Personnel.
  18. [18] Zhao Wenhua affair When the Xunyang post became vacant, Wan Tang recommended Zhao Wenhua; Zhu Bochen impeached Zhao, who retaliated by accusing Wan of trying to push him aside.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account relates the Xunyang vacancy, Wan’s recommendation of Zhao Wenhua, Zhu Bochen’s impeachment, and Zhao’s counteraccusation.
  19. [19] Dismissal In the eighth month of Jiajing 32, the emperor dismissed Zhu Bochen and Wan Tang together.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account says that the enraged emperor dismissed Zhu Bochen and Wan Tang together in the eighth month of Jiajing 32.
  20. [20] Death Wan Tang died in 1565.
  21. [21] Restoration Wan Tang’s office was restored in the early Longqing reign.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account states that his official status was restored in the early Longqing reign.
  22. [22] Posthumous title Wan Tang was posthumously presented with the title Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical account and profile both identify the posthumous title as Taizi taibao.
  23. [23] Father Wan Fu, born in 1447 and deceased in 1522, was Wan Tang’s father.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)Two kin entries identify Wan Fu as the father, and one gives the years 1447–1522.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical entry explicitly calls Wan Tang the son of Wan Fu.
  24. [24] Direct family Wan Tang’s great-grandfather was Wan Dequan, his grandfather Wan Yuanhe, his mother Lady Rao, and his wife Lady Yang.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)The kin entries list Wan Dequan, Wan Yuanhe, Lady Rao, and Lady Yang with their respective relationships.
  25. [25] Siblings and son Wan Tang had seven elder brothers—Wan Shisheng, Wan Shilu, Wan Zi, Wan Qin, Wan Rui, Wan Biao, and Wan Sui—a younger brother Wan Hao, and a son Wan Fen.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)The kin entries list the seven elder brothers, the younger brother Wan Hao, and the son Wan Fen.
  26. [26] Associations Wan Tang received farewell writings from Lü Nan, Shu Fen, and Liu Long, poems and prose from Jin Xueyan, and letters from Zhang Yue, Wang Weizhen, and Fei 宷; he was impeached by Yuan Hongyu and offended by Lin Yingqi.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)The association entries record farewell writings from three figures, poems and prose from Jin Xueyan, letters from Zhang Yue, Wang Weizhen, and Fei 宷, as well as impeachment by Yuan Hongyu and an offense involving Lin Yingqi.
  27. [27] Works Wan Tang’s works include 《治齋集》; associated titles also include a four-juan 《治齋文集》, a seventeen-juan 《治齋集》, and 《萬太宰奏疏》.
    • CBDBWan Tang (68300)The works entries list 《治齋文集》 in four juan, 《治齋集》 in seventeen juan, and 《萬太宰奏疏》.
    • Souyun萬鏜 (42194)The biographical entry explicitly names 《治齋集》 as a work.