Li Qingzhao

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

As a child, she taught Han Yufu poetry.[7] In 1101, at age eighteen, she married Zhao Mingcheng, then a student at the Imperial Academy, and the couple worked together on texts;[8] in 1102, her father was placed on the party list.[9]

In 1086 she was registered in Kaifeng; from 1108 to 1121 she lived in Qingzhou, for which another residence extends to 1128.[10] In 1121 she followed her husband to Laizhou;[11] in 1127, as Jin forces invaded southward, Zhao became prefect of Jiangning, and she travelled there carrying books;[12] the Jiangning move is also dated 1128–1129.[13]

In 1129 Zhao was transferred to Huzhou and died on the way; Qingzhao then lived as a refugee in the southeast, passing through Chizhou, Jiankang, Yuezhou, Taizhou, Shengxian, Wenzhou, Quzhou, Shaoxing Prefecture, Lin'an Prefecture, and Jinhua.[14] Her movements place Chizhou, Jiankang, Yuezhou, Taizhou, and Shengxian in 1129; Wenzhou, Yuezhou, and Quzhou in 1130; Shaoxing Prefecture in 1131–1132; Lin'an Prefecture in 1132 and again in 1138; and Jinhua in 1134.[15]

In 1132 she went to Lin'an; that summer she remarried Zhang Ruzhou, but they soon divorced.[16] She and Zhao shared an interest in collecting and studying inscriptions, calligraphy, and painting.[17] Following the model of Ouyang Xiu's Jigu lu, Zhao compiled the thirty-juan Jinshi lu, which Qingzhao submitted to the court during Shaoxing;[18] in later life she completed its organization and wrote the Jinshi lu houxu in the fourth year of Shaoxing.[19]

Literary achievement

She was skilled in poetry and prose and was especially renowned for ci, being described both as a major Song representative of the graceful school and as a leading figure of the Southern Song graceful school.[20] Her ci diction is clear and elegant, with a talent for plain description;[21] in her one-essay Ci lun, she emphasized tonal regulation and elegance and opposed treating shi as ci.[22] She is also associated with the epithet “the most talented woman in all ages.”[23]

Works

Her Yi’an Jushi ji (《易安居士集》) is lost; later compilations include Shuyu ji (《漱玉集》), and current editions include Li Qingzhao ji (《李清照集》).[24] Bibliographical titles include Yi’an Jushi wenji (《易安居士文集》) in seven juan, sometimes twelve, and Yi’an ci (《易安詞》) in six; both are lost, while Li Yian ji (《李易安集》) is also listed in twelve juan.[25]

The surviving work identified is the one-volume Dama tujing (《打馬圖經》), while Dama tu (《打馬圖》) also occurs as a title. Shuyu ci (《漱玉詞》) is also listed, including a one-volume title, alongside Maxi tupu (《馬戲圖譜》); modern compilations include Shuyu ji zhu (《漱玉集注》).[26]

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
父李格非–
母王氏(李格非妻)–
丈夫趙明誠–
第二任丈夫張汝舟–
翁;公公;丈夫之父趙挺之1040–1107

AliasesCBDB

  • 易安居士 室名、別號

StatusCBDB

  • 詩人
  • 詞人
  • 好金石
  • 士人

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
韓玉父學生為韓玉父–
端木埰書序由端木埰所作–
黃節書序由黃節所作–
薩雪如書跋由薩雪如所作–
毛晉書跋由毛晉所作–
李文䄎書跋由李文䄎所作–
趙明誠論學–
趙明誠奏錄趙明誠之文–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
封贈

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
金石錄後序
打馬圖撰著者
馬戲圖譜
漱玉詞
李易安集:十二卷
漱玉詞:一卷

Citations

  1. [1] Dates and disputed death year Her birth is given as 1084, while her death is variously given as 1155, around 1151, or after the twenty-first year of Shaoxing at more than seventy.
    • CBDBLi Qingzhao (19713)The name and life-span fields give Li Qingzhao as born in 1084 and deceased in 1155.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The biographical texts preserve accounts ranging from about 1151 to an unknown year, including a death after the twenty-first year of Shaoxing at more than seventy.
    • WikidataLi Qingzhao (Q464470)The date statements preserve a birth in 1084 and death dates in 1151 and 1155, with the 1155 date marked preferred.
  2. [2] Identity Li Qingzhao is identified as a Song-dynasty woman poet and ci writer.
    • CBDBLi Qingzhao (19713)The status fields identify her as a poet and a ci writer.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The biographical texts describe her as skilled in poetry and prose and renowned for ci.
    • WikidataLi Qingzhao (Q464470)The English description identifies her as a Chinese Song-dynasty poet.
  3. [3] Sobriquet Her sobriquet was Yi'an Jushi.
    • CBDBLi Qingzhao (19713)The alternate-name entry gives Yi'an jushi as a sobriquet and identifies it as a style or sobriquet name.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The biographical texts repeatedly give 易安居士 as her hao or self-styled name.
    • WikidataLi Qingzhao (Q464470)The name entries list Yi'an jushi and 易安居士 as aliases.
  4. [4] Native place and birthplace Her native place is variously given as Jinan and Licheng, while Zhangqiu is given as her birthplace.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The biographical texts give Jinan and Qi zhou Zhangqiu in differing formulations, and the profile lists Qi zhou Zhangqiu as the hometown.
    • CBDBLi Qingzhao (19713)The address entries designate Licheng as the native-place address and Zhangqiu as the birthplace.
  5. [5] Father Her father was Li Gefei.
  6. [6] Mother Her mother was Wang.
  7. [7] Early teaching As a child, she taught Han Yufu poetry.
    • CBDBLi Qingzhao (19713)The association entry identifies Han Yufu as a student and says that Li Qingzhao taught him poetry when young.
  8. [8] First marriage In 1101, at eighteen, she married Zhao Mingcheng, then a student at the Imperial Academy, and the couple worked together on texts.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The chronology states that in 1101 she married the eighteen-year-old student Zhao Mingcheng and that the couple worked together on writing.
    • CBDBLi Qingzhao (19713)The kinship entry identifies Zhao Mingcheng as her husband.
  9. [9] Party-list entry In 1102, her father was placed on the party list.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The chronology states that her father entered the party register in 1102.
  10. [10] Early residences She was registered in Kaifeng in 1086, lived in Qingzhou from 1108 to 1121, and has another Qingzhou residence extending to 1128.
    • CBDBLi Qingzhao (19713)The residence entries give registration in Kaifeng from 1086, Qingzhou in 1108–1121, and another Qingzhou entry ending in 1128.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The biographical texts mention her residence with Zhao Mingcheng in Qingzhou.
  11. [11] Laizhou In 1121, she followed her husband to Laizhou.
  12. [12] Journey to Jiangning In 1127, Jin forces invaded southward, Zhao became prefect of Jiangning, and Qingzhao travelled there carrying books.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The chronology describes the 1127 invasion, Zhao Mingcheng's appointment at Jiangning, and Qingzhao's journey there with books.
    • CBDBLi Qingzhao (19713)The residence entries also place her at Jiangning.
  13. [13] Jiangning date variant The Jiangning residence is separately dated 1128–1129, alongside the 1127 chronology.
  14. [14] Death of Zhao and migration In 1129 Zhao Mingcheng was transferred to Huzhou, died on the way, and Qingzhao thereafter moved through the southeast and a series of listed places.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The biographical texts describe Zhao Mingcheng's death during the move to Huzhou and Qingzhao's subsequent refuge and travels in the southeast.
    • CBDBLi Qingzhao (19713)The residence entries list Chizhou, Jiankang, Yuezhou, Taizhou, Shengxian, Wenzhou, Quzhou, Shaoxing, Lin'an, and Jinhua.
  15. [15] Migration chronology The residence dates place Chizhou, Jiankang, Yuezhou, Taizhou, and Shengxian in 1129; Wenzhou, Yuezhou, and Quzhou in 1130; Shaoxing in 1131–1132; Lin'an in 1132 and 1138; and Jinhua in 1134.
    • CBDBLi Qingzhao (19713)The residence-year fields provide the 1129, 1130, 1131–1132, 1132, 1134, and 1138 dates.
  16. [16] Second marriage and divorce In 1132 she went to Lin'an, remarried Zhang Ruzhou that summer, and soon divorced.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The biographical texts place her arrival at Lin'an in Shaoxing 2, followed by a summer remarriage to Zhang Ruzhou and a prompt divorce.
    • CBDBLi Qingzhao (19713)The kinship entry names Zhang Ruzhou as her second husband, while the residence entry begins Lin'an in 1132.
  17. [17] Shared collecting interest She and Zhao Mingcheng shared an interest in collecting and studying inscriptions, calligraphy, and painting.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The biographical text says that she and Mingcheng jointly devoted themselves to collecting and studying inscriptions, calligraphy, and painting.
    • CBDBLi Qingzhao (19713)The association entry identifies a scholarly relationship with Zhao Mingcheng and a shared interest in epigraphy.
  18. [18] Jinshi lu compilation and submission Following Ouyang Xiu's model, Zhao compiled the thirty-juan Jinshi lu, which Qingzhao submitted to the court during Shaoxing.
    • CBDBLi Qingzhao (19713)The association entry says that Zhao modeled the thirty-juan Jinshi lu on Ouyang Xiu's Jigu lu and that his wife Li Qingzhao submitted it during Shaoxing.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The biographical texts identify Jinshi lu as Zhao Mingcheng's work and say that Qingzhao later submitted it to the court.
  19. [19] Organization and postface In later life she completed the organization of Jinshi lu and wrote Jinshi lu houxu in the fourth year of Shaoxing.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The biographical texts say that she completed the late organization of Jinshi lu and wrote its postface in Shaoxing 4.
    • CBDBLi Qingzhao (19713)The works entry lists Jinshi lu houxu.
  20. [20] Literary reputation She was skilled in poetry and prose, especially renowned for ci, and is described in two formulations as a major representative of the Song graceful school and a leading figure of its Southern Song branch.
    • CBDBLi Qingzhao (19713)The status fields identify her as a poet and ci writer.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The biographical texts describe her command of poetry and prose, her renown for ci, and the two graceful-school formulations.
  21. [21] Ci style Her ci is described as clear and elegant, with a talent for plain description.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The biographical text characterizes her language as clear and elegant and says that she excelled at plain description.
  22. [22] Ci theory Her one-essay Ci lun emphasized tonal regulation and elegance and opposed treating shi as ci.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The biographical texts mention her one-essay Ci lun and its emphasis on tonal regulation and elegance and opposition to treating poetry as ci.
  23. [23] Epithet She is associated with the epithet “the most talented woman in all ages.”
    • WikidataLi Qingzhao (Q464470)The English description calls her “the most talented woman in all ages.”
  24. [24] Lost and compiled collections Yi'an Jushi ji is lost; later compilations include Shuyu ji, and current editions include Li Qingzhao ji.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The biographical texts say that Yi'an Jushi ji is lost, later compilations include Shuyu ji, and editions include Li Qingzhao ji.
  25. [25] Bibliographical volumes Yi'an Jushi wenji is listed in seven juan, sometimes twelve, and Yi'an ci in six; both are lost, while Li Yian ji is also listed in twelve juan.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The biographical text lists Yi'an Jushi wenji in seven or twelve juan and Yi'an ci in six, and says that both have been lost.
    • CBDBLi Qingzhao (19713)The works entry also lists Li Yian ji in twelve juan.
  26. [26] Surviving and associated titles The surviving one-volume work is identified as Dama tujing, while Dama tu also occurs as a title; Shuyu ci has a one-volume title, Maxi tupu is also listed, and modern compilations include Shuyu ji zhu.
    • Souyun李清照 (27794)The biographical texts identify the one-volume Dama tujing as transmitted, list Shuyu ci, and mention the modern compilation Shuyu ji zhu.
    • CBDBLi Qingzhao (19713)The works entries list Dama tu, Maxi tupu, Shuyu ci, and a one-volume Shuyu ci title.