Bi Zhongyou

TimelineCBDB

1. 1095 知某州軍州事
2. 1099 轉運副使

Office recordsCBDB

FamilyCBDB

AliasesCBDB

• 公叔 字

StatusCBDB

• 結社
• [財政官員]
• 入元祐黨籍者

AssociationsCBDB

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ExaminationsCBDB

WorksCBDB

Citations

1. [1] Name and dates Bi Zhongyou was born in 1047 and died in 1121.
   • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The basic record gives the English name Bi Zhongyou and the years 1047 and 1121.
   • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The profile and biographical text identify the person and give 1047 as the birth year and 1121 as the death year.
   • WikidataBi Zhongyou (Q16075467)The English label and date claims identify Bi Zhongyou and specify the years 1047 and 1121.
2. [2] Identity Bi Zhongyou belonged to the Northern Song and is presented as both an officeholder and a writer.
   • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The profile identifies him with the Northern Song, while the biography describes his offices and his vigorous prose.
3. [3] Courtesy name His courtesy name was Gongshu.
   • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The alternate-name record gives Gongshu and identifies it as a courtesy name.
   • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The profile and three biographical texts give Gongshu as his courtesy name.
   • WikidataBi Zhongyou (Q16075467)The English alias and the courtesy-name claim both give Gongshu.
4. [4] Hometown He was from Guancheng in Zhengzhou, in present-day Zhengzhou, Henan.
   • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The primary address entry gives Guancheng.
   • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The profile and biographies identify his home as Guancheng in Zhengzhou, modern Zhengzhou, Henan.
5. [5] Ancestral migration His earlier family origin was Daijun, after which the family moved to Guancheng.
   • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biography traces his earlier origin to Daijun, modern Datong, and says that the family later moved to Guancheng.
6. [6] Alternative affiliation Yingtian Prefecture is listed as an alternative place of origin.
   • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)A second address entry gives Yingtian Prefecture and labels it as another basic origin.
7. [7] Father His father was Bi Conggu.
   • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The kinship record identifies Bi Conggu as his father.
8. [8] Ancestry He was described as a great-grandson of Shi'an.
   • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biography calls him a great-grandson of Shi'an.
9. [9] Brother Bi Zhongyan Bi Zhongyan was his elder brother.
   • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The kinship record lists Bi Zhongyan as an elder brother.
   • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biographies identify Bi Zhongyan as his brother.
10. [10] Other brothers Bi Zhongda and Bi Zhongyan were also listed as elder brothers.
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The kinship records list Bi Zhongda and Bi Zhongyan, written 畢仲偃, as elder brothers.
11. [11] Younger brother Bi Zhongyu was his younger brother.
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The kinship record identifies Bi Zhongyu as a younger brother.
12. [12] In-laws and son His father-in-law was Zhang Zhu, and his second son was Bi Daliang.
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The kinship records identify Zhang Zhu as his father-in-law and Bi Daliang as his second son.
13. [13] Initial appointment He initially entered service through his father's protection as a Taimao zhailang.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biography says that he was first appointed Taimao zhailang through his father's protection.
14. [14] Jinshi degree In the third year of Xining, he and his brother Zhongyan earned the jinshi degree in the same cohort.
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The examination entry identifies him as a jinshi.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biographies describe his jinshi success with his brother, and one gives the third year of Xining and the same cohort.
15. [15] Early local offices He served as registrar of Huoqiu in Shouzhou, then as registrar of Huoqiu and Zhecheng and magistrate of Luoshan and Changshui.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biographies list the Shouzhou Huoqiu, Huoqiu, Zhecheng, Luoshan, and Changshui appointments.
16. [16] Yuanyou appointments After Zhezong's accession, he served early in Yuanyou as junqijian cheng, then weiwei si cheng, and was summoned to the Academy of Academicians examination.
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The office and association records give the weiwei si cheng appointment and summarize the early Yuanyou appointment and examination.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biographies describe the early Yuanyou offices, the change to weiwei si cheng, and the summons to the Academy of Academicians.
17. [17] First in the examination Nine candidates took the examination, including Huang Tingjian, Zhang Lei, and Chao Buzhi; Su Shi found Bi's writing exceptional and he ranked first.
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The association summary says that Su Shi found his writing unusual and ranked him first.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biographies name Huang Tingjian, Zhang Lei, and Chao Buzhi among the nine candidates and describe Su Shi's role in ranking him first.
18. [18] Jixian appointment He received the additional appointment of Collator at the Jixian Institute.
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The office and appointment records list the Jixian Institute collator post.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biographies say that he was given the Jixian Institute collator appointment after ranking first.
19. [19] Variant military title The military appointment is also summarized under the combined title junqi weiwei cheng.
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The appointment summary uses the combined title 軍器衛尉丞.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The overview likewise gives the early post as 軍器衛尉丞.
20. [20] Judicial commissioner and integrity He served as judicial commissioner for the Hebei West and Hedong circuits and was regarded as incorruptible.
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The office record gives the Hedong judicial commissioner post, and the associated summary calls him truly pure.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biographies list the Hebei West and Hedong judicial commissions and describe him as incorruptible.
21. [21] Han Zhen's assessment Han Zhen called him “truly pure.”
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The association summary attributes the phrase truly pure to Han Zhen.
22. [22] Middle-career offices He served as assistant judge in Kaifeng, acting director of rites, judicial commissioner for Qin-Feng and Yongxing, prefect of Yaozhou, and prefect of Langzhou after the Su Shi faction case.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biography lists the Kaifeng, rites, Qin-Feng, Yongxing, Yaozhou, and Langzhou appointments and links the Langzhou transfer to the Su Shi faction case.
23. [23] Huizong-era offices After Huizong's accession, he served as judicial commissioner of Lizhou Circuit and prefect of Zhengzhou and Yunzhou.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biography gives the Lizhou judicial commission and the Zhengzhou and Yunzhou prefectures after Huizong's accession.
24. [24] Alternative prefecture names Another account gives the latter prefectures as Zhengzhou and Dengzhou.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)A second biography gives the two prefectures as Zhengzhou and Dengzhou rather than Zhengzhou and Yunzhou.
25. [25] Transport commissions He served as vice transport commissioner for the Jingdong and Huainan circuits, with the Huainan appointment dated 1099–1101.
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The office record gives the Huainan vice transport commission and dates it from 1099 to 1101.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biographies give the Huainan commission and, in one account, both the Jingdong and Huainan commissions.
26. [26] Guozhou appointment An office entry places him as prefect of Guozhou in 1095–1096.
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The office entry gives a prefectural post in Guozhou from 1095 to 1096.
27. [27] Ministry of Personnel He later entered the Ministry of Personnel as a langzhong.
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The office record gives the Ministry of Personnel langzhong post.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The overview says that he later entered service as a Ministry of Personnel langzhong.
28. [28] Party register and demotion While serving in Huainan, he entered the Yuanyou Party Register and was demoted to supervise Songshan Zhongyue Temple.
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The status record identifies his entry in the Yuanyou Party Register, while the office record identifies his Huainan post.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biographies describe his entry in the Party Register and, in the fuller account, his demotion to supervise Songshan Zhongyue Temple while serving in Huainan.
29. [29] Later retirement appointments After removal from the register, he managed the Western Capital Left-Behind Censorate, took charge of Nanjing Hongqing Palace, and retired.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biography lists his removal from the register, the Western Capital Left-Behind Censorate, Nanjing Hongqing Palace, and retirement.
30. [30] Death and age He died in the third year of Xuanhe, 1121, at the age of seventy-five.
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The basic record gives 1121 as the death year.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The profile gives 1121, and both biographies say that he died in the third year of Xuanhe at seventy-five.
    • WikidataBi Zhongyou (Q16075467)The death-date claim gives the year 1121.
31. [31] Late circumstances The biographies characterize his later life as difficult and ending in scattered appointments; the Chinese source uses variant forms for one character.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biographies describe him as ending in hardship and dispersed service, with a variant form for 坎壈 in one text.
32. [32] Prose style His prose was vigorous, broad-ranging, argumentative, and attentive to practical affairs.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The overview describes his prose as 雄健博辨 and as closely addressing practical affairs.
33. [33] Memorials and warnings He wrote to Sima Guang about restoring the New Policies and urged Su Shi to use caution in poetry and prose; both concerns proved prescient.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biography records his submissions to Sima Guang and Su Shi, their contents, and the statement that both matched his concerns.
34. [34] Preface for Song Minqiu He wrote a preface for a book by Song Minqiu.
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The association record says that he wrote a preface for a work by Song Minqiu.
35. [35] Epitaph Chen Tian wrote his epitaph.
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The association record says that Chen Tian wrote his epitaph.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biographies refer to Chen Tian's epitaph for Bi Zhongyou.
36. [36] Xitai ji Bi Zhongyou wrote Xitai ji, in twenty juan.
    • CBDBBi Zhongyou (1417)The works record gives Xitai ji in twenty juan.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biographies identify Xitai ji and give its twenty-juan form.
37. [37] Variant volume count and loss The work is also given as fifty juan, and the original has been lost.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biography gives an alternative count of fifty juan and says that the original was lost.
38. [38] Qing reconstruction Qing court bibliographers reconstructed twenty juan from Yongle dadian and described the result as nearly restoring the original.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The biography says that Qing Siku editors reconstructed twenty juan from Yongle dadian and quotes their judgment that the old form was nearly restored.
39. [39] Poetry edition The edited poems use the Wenyuange Siku quanshu printing as their base, collated against the Wuyingdian juzhen edition and others, with newly collected poems appended at the end.
    • Souyun畢仲游 (28513)The edition note specifies the base printing, comparison editions, and the placement of newly collected poems outside the original collection.