[2]Southern Song poet and ci poetLiu Kezhuang is characterized as a Southern Song poet and ci poet who also excelled in prose.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The profile places him in the Southern Song, while the biographical descriptions call him accomplished in poetry, prose, and ci.
WikidataLiu Kezhuang (Q6653604)The descriptions characterize him as a Southern Song poet and ci writer and as a Chinese writer.
[3]Names and posthumous titleLiu Kezhuang was originally Liu Zhuo, used Qianfu as his courtesy name, was known as Houcun Jushi and Houcun, and received the posthumous name Wending.
CBDBLiu Kezhuang (3595)The alternate-name entries identify Liu Zhuo as a former name, Qianfu as the courtesy name, Houcun and Houcun Jushi as sobriquets, and Wending as the posthumous title.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The profile lists Zhuo, Qianfu, Houcun Jushi, Houcun, and Wending, and the biography explicitly says that his original name was Zhuo.
WikidataLiu Kezhuang (Q6653604)The English aliases include Houcun, Liu Zhuo, Qianfu, and Wending.
[4]Native placeLiu Kezhuang came from Putian in Xinghua Military Prefecture, present-day Putian in Fujian.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The biographies identify the father as a Ningzong-era Minister of Personnel and state that Liu Kezhuang studied under 真德秀.
[6]Marriage and siblingsHis father-in-law was Lin Zhuan; his wives were Lin Jie and a second woman from the Lin family; his brothers were Liu Kexun and Liu Kegang, and his sister was Fang Cai's wife.
CBDBLiu Kezhuang (3595)The kinship entries list Lin Zhuan as father-in-law, Lin Jie as wife, a second Lin wife, two brothers, and a sister identified as Fang Cai's wife.
[7]Children and in-lawsHis three sons were Liu Qiangfu, Liu Mingfu, and Liu Shanfu; the kinship entries also name his son-in-law, two grandsons-in-law, and maternal cousin.
CBDBLiu Kezhuang (3595)The kinship entries specify the eldest, second, and third sons, and name the son-in-law, two grandsons-in-law, and maternal cousin.
[8]Friendships and prefaceLiu Kezhuang was associated as a friend with Han Piao, Chen Qi, and Lin Xiyi, who also wrote a preface to his collection.
CBDBLiu Kezhuang (3595)The association entries identify Han Piao, Chen Qi, and Lin Xiyi as friends.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The collection biography states that Lin Xiyi wrote the preface.
[9]Hereditary entry into officeIn 1209, Liu Kezhuang entered office through hereditary privilege and received the rank of Jiangshilang.
CBDBLiu Kezhuang (3595)The entry classifications include hereditary protection or appointment and granted or specially granted status.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The biographies date his appointment to Jiading 2, or 1209, and state that he received Jiangshilang through hereditary privilege.
[10]Early officesHis early career included the Jing'an county post, the Fuzhou judicial office, the Zhenzhou registrarship, and vice-prefectures at Chaozhou and Jizhou.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The career descriptions list the Jing'an, Fuzhou, Zhenzhou, Chaozhou, and Jizhou appointments among his early offices.
[11]Mourning and local officeAfter mourning his father, he returned to service, superintended Nanyue Temple in Jiading 12, and became magistrate of Jianyang in Jiading 17.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The biographies describe his mourning, his service at Nanyue Temple in Jiading 12, and his appointment as magistrate of Jianyang in Jiading 17.
CBDBLiu Kezhuang (3595)The office listing gives a county magistrate post associated with Jianyang.
[12]The Falling Plum Blossoms caseThe punishment over the poem Falling Plum Blossoms was followed by a long period out of office, described in two ways as more than twenty years or ten years.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The two biographical versions agree on punishment over the Falling Plum Blossoms poem but give different durations for his absence from office: more than twenty years and ten years.
[13]Duanping restorationHe was recalled in Duanping 1, appointed to the Bureau of Military Affairs in Duanping 2 with an acting palace post, and soon dismissed.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The biographies give the Duanping 1 and Duanping 2 appointments and state that he was soon dismissed.
CBDBLiu Kezhuang (3595)The office entries corroborate the Bureau of Military Affairs editor and Assistant Palace Aide posts.
[14]Zhangzhou and YuanzhouAfter his restoration he headed the Yuju guan, governed Zhangzhou and Yuanzhou, and was again impeached and dismissed.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The career narrative records the Yuju guan, Zhangzhou, Yuanzhou, and the subsequent impeachment and dismissal.
CBDBLiu Kezhuang (3595)The office entries list Zhangzhou in 1236 and Yuanzhou in 1237.
[15]Political stanceHis outspoken integrity made him a target, and he opposed the Southern Song court's policy of compromise and acquiescence.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The biographical assessments describe him as outspoken and upright, a target of hostility, and opposed to the Southern Song court's policy of seeking a compromised peace.
[16]Chunyou early careerUnder Li Zongmian's ascendancy, Liu Kezhuang held posts in Jiangxi and Guangdong, was impeached in 1241, and returned to office in Jiangdong in Chunyou 4.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The career narrative gives Li Zongmian's ascendancy, the Jiangxi and Guangdong appointments, the Chunyou 1 impeachment, removal from Chongxi guan, and Chunyou 4 recall to Jiangdong.
[17]Presented Scholar statusIn Chunyou 6 (1246), he was summoned as Grand Court Vice Minister, praised for incisive memorials, granted the status of a Presented Scholar, and appointed to several literary and secretarial offices.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The biographies record the Chunyou 6 summons, the emperor's approval of his policy memorials, the Presented Scholar status, and the concurrent historical, palace, and secretarial appointments.
CBDBLiu Kezhuang (3595)The entry and office classifications corroborate the granted Presented Scholar status, Zhongshu Sheren, and Palace Library Vice Director posts.
[18]Shi Songzhi and FujianAs Zhongshu Sheren, he opposed Shi Songzhi's proposed retirement appointment; after the order was carried out, he was impeached and sent to Fujian as a surveillance commissioner.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The career narrative describes his opposition to Shi Songzhi's appointment, the order's implementation, the censors' impeachment, and his transfer to Fujian.
[19]Chunyou 10 to MingdaoHe became Palace Library Supervisor in Chunyou 10, held several capital appointments the following year, became Qiju Sheren, and was later removed from Mingdao guan after another impeachment.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The career narrative gives the sequence from Chunyou 10 through the following year's capital posts, Qiju Sheren appointment, impeachment, and removal from Mingdao guan.
[20]Jingding and Xianchun officesFrom Jingding 1 through Xianchun 4 he resumed central offices, became acting Minister of Works and governor of Jianning, retired because of an eye ailment, and was later appointed Longtu Pavilion Academician.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The biographies list the Jingding 1 and 3 offices, the Jianning appointment, retirement because of an eye ailment, and the Xianchun 4 Longtu Pavilion appointment.
CBDBLiu Kezhuang (3595)The office entries also list the relevant pavilion academician titles.
[21]Death and posthumous nameHe died in the first month of Xianchun 5 (1269), aged eighty-three, and received the posthumous name Wending.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The biographies give the first month of Xianchun 5, the year 1269, the age of eighty-three, and the posthumous name Wending.
CBDBLiu Kezhuang (3595)The death-year field gives 1269 and the alternate-name entry identifies Wending as a posthumous title.
[22]Poetry and literary standingLiu Kezhuang excelled in poetry, prose, and ci, followed the late Tang poetic style, represented Jianghu poetry, and received Ye Shi's praise.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The literary assessments state that he excelled in poetry, prose, and ci, followed the late Tang style, represented Jianghu poetry, and was praised by Ye Shi with the quoted comparison.
[23]Ci style and administrative reputationHis ci was forceful and weighty, responsive to current affairs, and prose-like and argumentative; his literary fame overshadowed his administrative achievements.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The literary descriptions characterize his ci as forceful, weighty, responsive to current affairs, prose-like, and argumentative, and state that his literary fame overshadowed his administrative achievements.
[24]Collection and compilationHe compiled a collection during his lifetime, followed by later Hou, Xu, and Xin collections; his youngest son Liu Shanfu assembled them as the 200-juan Houcun xiansheng daquanji.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The collection biography states that he compiled a collection during his lifetime, that later Hou, Xu, and Xin collections followed, and that his youngest son Shanfu compiled the 200-juan Complete Collection.
CBDBLiu Kezhuang (3595)The works list includes 後村先生大全集, the collection rendered here as Houcun xiansheng daquanji.
[25]Houcun biediaoHe also had the ci collection Houcun biediao.
Souyun劉克莊 (25254)The ci bibliography lists 後村別調 as an additional work.
CBDB
