Du Fu

TimelineCBDB

1. 751 集賢院待制 天寶
2. 755 縣尉 天寶
3. 758 州司功参軍 乾元
4. 763 功曹參軍 廣德
5. 764 工部員外郎 廣德
6. 764 節度使判官 廣德

Office recordsCBDB

FamilyCBDB

AliasesCBDB

• 子美 字
• 少陵野老 室名、別號
• 杜二 行第
• 杜少陵 未詳
• 杜工部 未詳
• 杜拾遺 未詳
• 杜陵布衣 室名、別號
• 老杜 未詳
• 詩聖 未詳

StatusCBDB

• 書法家
• 儒學
• 落第士人
• 士人
• 詩人
• 文人
• 工於作賦
• 並稱/齊名
• 好飲酒
• [為官者：文]

AssociationsCBDB

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ExaminationsCBDB

WorksCBDB

Citations

1. [1] Name, dates, and identity Du Fu is identified as a Tang-dynasty poet who lived from 712 to 770.
   • CBDBDu Fu (3915)These fields provide Du Fu’s name, life dates, Tang affiliation, and status as a poet.
   • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The profile and biographical text likewise identify Du Fu as a Tang poet of 712–770.
   • WikidataDu Fu (Q33772)The English label and description confirm the name, period, and poetic identity.
2. [2] Courtesy name and sobriquets Du Fu’s courtesy name was Zimei; his sobriquets include Duling Buyi, Shaoling Yelao, Du Shaoling, Du Gongbu, Du Shiyi, and the Poet Sage.
   • CBDBDu Fu (3915)The name records list Zimei, Shaoling Yelao, the second-rank name Du Er, Du Shaoling, Du Gongbu, Du Shiyi, Duling Buyi, and Shisheng.
   • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The biographies give the courtesy name, birth order, self-stylings, and later sobriquets.
   • WikidataDu Fu (Q33772)The traditional name records include Shaoling Yelao, Du Shaoling, Du Gongbu, Du Shiyi, and Poet Sage.
3. [3] Origin and ancestral home The evidence gives Chang’an and Gong County as variant places of origin, identifies Xiangyang as the ancestral home, and explains the Duling and Shaoling self-stylings.
   • CBDBDu Fu (3915)The address data lists Chang’an as the basic registered origin and Xiangyang as the ancestral home.
   • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The profile and biography give Gong County in Henan and explain the Xiangyang ancestry, Duling commandery affiliation, and Shaoling residence.
4. [4] Family background Du Fu came from a Confucian and official family; the records identify his grandfather, parents by marriage, wife, and sons.
   • CBDBDu Fu (3915)The kinship data identifies Du Shenyan as grandfather, Du Xian as father, Yang Yi as father-in-law, Yang as wife, and Du Zongwen and Du Zongwu as sons.
   • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The biography describes the family’s Confucian and official tradition and Du Shenyan’s office and contribution to regulated verse.
5. [5] Travels and examinations Du Fu spent about ten years in three periods of travel and failed both the 735 jinshi examination and the 747 special examination.
   • CBDBDu Fu (3915)The status data identifies Du Fu as a failed examination candidate.
   • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The biographical texts describe the three periods of travel, their regions, and the two examination failures.
6. [6] Li Bai and Gao Shi Du Fu met Li Bai in the third year of Tianbao, travelled with him, and was also associated with Gao Shi.
   • CBDBDu Fu (3915)The association data identifies Gao Shi and Li Bai as Du Fu’s friends.
   • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The biography specifically records Du Fu’s meeting and travels with Li Bai in the third year of Tianbao.
7. [7] Presentation of rhapsodies and first offices The Three Great Ritual Rhapsodies brought Du Fu a waiting appointment at the Jixian Academy; he later declined the post of Commandant of Hexi and took a military appointment in the Right Guard’s Rate Office.
   • CBDBDu Fu (3915)The office data confirms the Jixian waiting appointment, the Hexi commandant post, and the subsequent military office.
   • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The biographies describe the rhapsody presentation, Xuanzong’s response, the Jixian appointment, and the refusal and reassignment.
8. [8] An Lushan rebellion and Reminder office After Chang’an fell, Du Fu reached Suzong’s court at Fengxiang, became Left Reminder, and memorialized on behalf of Fang Guan; the office is also recorded as Right Reminder.
   • CBDBDu Fu (3915)The office data gives the alternative form Right Reminder.
   • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The biographical texts describe the fall of Chang’an, the journey to Fengxiang, the Left Reminder appointment, and the memorial for Fang Guan.
9. [9] Huazhou, Shu, and the thatched retreat Du Fu served at Huazhou in 758, resigned in 759, travelled through Qinzhou and Tonggu into Shu, and established a retreat in Chengdu near the Huanhua Stream.
   • CBDBDu Fu (3915)The office and address data confirm the Huazhou appointment and the later activity in Chengdu.
   • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The biographies describe the Huazhou service, resignation, route through Qinzhou and Tonggu, arrival in Chengdu, and the Huanhua retreat.
10. [10] Yan Wu’s staff and Du Gongbu After unrest in Shu, Du Fu returned from Zizhou and Langzhou to Chengdu, joined Yan Wu’s staff, and received the recommendation that gave rise to the name Du Gongbu.
    • CBDBDu Fu (3915)The addresses, offices, and associations confirm Zizhou, Yan Wu’s staff, the Ministry of Works appointment, and the relationship with Yan Wu.
    • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The biographies describe the Shu displacement, return to Chengdu, Yan Wu’s appointment, and the Ministry of Works office.
11. [11] Kuizhou period Du Fu left Chengdu in 765, reached Kuizhou through Yun’an, stayed there for nearly two years, and wrote more than 430 poems.
    • CBDBDu Fu (3915)The address data places Du Fu in Kuizhou from 766.
    • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The biographies give the route from Chengdu through Yun’an to Kuizhou, the length of stay, and the number of poems.
12. [12] Late Jiangxiang travels In 768 Du Fu left the gorge, passed through Jiangling, Gongan, and Yueyang, and later moved among Yuezhou, Tanzhou, Hengzhou, and Leiyang.
    • CBDBDu Fu (3915)The address data confirms Yuezhou, Tanzhou, Hengzhou, and Leiyang in the final period of travel.
    • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The biographies describe the 768 journey out of the gorge, through Jiangling, Gongan, and Yueyang, and the later Jiangxiang wandering.
13. [13] Death and variant locations Du Fu died in the winter of 770, but the place is variously associated with a boat at Leiyang, a boat between Changsha and Yueyang, and Jiangling Prefecture.
    • CBDBDu Fu (3915)The address data lists Leiyang as a late residence and Jiangling Prefecture as the place of death in 770.
    • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The biographical texts give the Leiyang Xiang River boat account, the Changsha–Yueyang boat account, and the general statement of illness and death in the winter of 770.
14. [14] Poetry, rhapsody, calligraphy, and wine Du Fu was recognized for poetry, rhapsody, calligraphy, and a fondness for wine.
    • CBDBDu Fu (3915)The status data identifies calligraphy, rhapsody, poetry, and fondness for wine among Du Fu’s recognized attributes.
15. [15] Surviving poems More than 1,440 poems by Du Fu survive.
    • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The literary biography states that more than 1,440 poems by Du Fu survive.
16. [16] Poetry as history Du Fu’s poetry joins his historical circumstances and personal experience to a comprehensive depiction of society, leading to the designation “poetry as history.”
    • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The critical texts connect Du Fu’s poetry with his age and personal experience, its social representation, and the title poetry as history.
17. [17] Style and synthesis Du Fu’s poetry combines earlier forms and is characterized by沉鬱頓挫 and律切精深, while later criticism treats him as a poet of comprehensive synthesis.
    • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The criticism describes Du Fu’s command of earlier and later poetic forms, his沉鬱頓挫 and律切精深 style, and his synthesis of many traditions.
18. [18] Li–Du and Poet Sage Du Fu was ranked with Li Bai as Li–Du and later honored as the Poet Sage.
    • CBDBDu Fu (3915)The records identify the Li Bai pairing, the Poet Sage sobriquet, and the friendship with Li Bai.
    • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The biographies explicitly call Du Fu and Li Bai the Li–Du pair and report the later title Poet Sage.
    • WikidataDu Fu (Q33772)The traditional name data includes the Poet Sage sobriquet.
19. [19] Early collections The sixty-volume Du Fu Collection and Fan Huang’s six-volume Small Collection are both lost.
    • CBDBDu Fu (3915)The title data includes the Du Fu Collection and Du Fu Small Collection.
    • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The literary history gives the volumes, compiler, and lost status of the two early collections.
20. [20] Later collection and textual transmission Wang Zhu’s twenty-volume Du Gongbu Collection and supplement became the ancestor of later collections, while the Complete Tang Poems and later supplements preserve the stated poem and fragment totals.
    • CBDBDu Fu (3915)The title data includes the Du Gongbu Collection.
    • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The literary history gives Wang Zhu’s edition, its volumes and supplement, its place in later transmission, and the Complete Tang Poems totals.
21. [21] Later scholarship and editions Du Fu’s poetry generated extensive editorial, chronological, critical, annotated, and scholarly work, including numerous specialized studies and widely circulated editions.
    • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The literary history lists the modes of Du Fu scholarship, approximate numbers of specialized works, and the editions associated with Qian Qianyi, Qiu Zha’ao, and Yang Lun.
22. [22] Historical position and influence Du Fu’s work is linked to the Tang transition from prosperity to decline and is presented as both a synthesis of earlier poetry and a path opened for later poetry.
    • Souyun杜甫 (17270)The criticism places Du Fu in the Tang transition and An Lushan upheaval, and emphasizes his synthesis of earlier traditions, opening of later paths, and far-reaching influence.