Qiu Jun

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

He lost his father while young, and his mother, Li, taught him to read. His family was too poor to own books, so he once travelled several hundred li to borrow them; as an adult he mastered a wide range of books and was especially familiar with state institutions and precedents. His father was Qiu Chuan, his mother Li, his grandfather Qiu Pu, and his great-grandfather Qiu Junlu; he had a brother, Qiu Yuan, married Jin and then Wu, and had sons named Qiu Dun, Qiu Jing, Qiu Kun, and Qiu Lun.[4]

In 1444 he placed first in the Guangdong provincial examination and became the jieyuan; in 1447 he entered the Imperial Academy. He passed the metropolitan examination in 1454: his placement is given as first in the second class or, alternatively, as chuanlu, while another listing gives him the thirty-fourth place among provincial recommended candidates.[5]

Selected as a shujishi, Qiu Jun was appointed a Hanlin compiler and took part in compiling the Comprehensive Gazetteer of the Empire (《寰宇通志》). He later served as a Hanlin lecturer, lecturer-attendant, reader-attendant, Hanlin academician, classic-banquet lecturer, and palace-examination reader. From 1477 to 1480 he was libationer of the Imperial Academy; he then served as vice minister of rites, became minister of rites in 1487, and was deputy chief compiler of the Veritable Records of the Chenghua Emperor and superintendent of the Office of the Heir Apparent. In 1491, after 《大學衍義補》 was completed, he was granted the rank of Taizi Shaobao (elsewhere Taizi Taibao), concurrently appointed Grand Academician of the Wenyuan Pavilion, and admitted to participation in state affairs, an appointment described as the beginning of a minister of state entering the inner cabinet; he later received the rank of Shaobao and concurrently served as Minister of Revenue and Grand Academician of the Wuying Hall.[6]

In 1493 illness of the eyes excused him from court attendance, and although an investigating censor impeached him on another matter, the Hongzhi emperor did not pursue the case. Qiu Jun died in office in 1495 at the stated age of seventy-six; he was posthumously made Grand Tutor and given the posthumous name Wenzhuang.[7]

Scholarship and statecraft

Qiu Jun grounded learning in statecraft, holding that writing should be rooted in the Classics, learning should issue in practical use, and antiquity should be tested against the present. He mastered a wide range of books and knew the precedents of government especially well. He helped revise the Veritable Records of the Yingzong Emperor, in which he gave Yu Qian full credit; he also took part in compiling the Comprehensive Gazetteer of the Empire, the Continuation of the Comprehensive Mirror in Outline, and the Veritable Records of the Xianzong Emperor, serving as the last work’s deputy chief compiler.[8] He had a teacher–student relationship with Wang Zuo and once praised Chen Xuan as an ancient gentleman.[9]

Literary work

Qiu Jun was also a poet. His poems included a piece on Five-Finger Mountain and poems written for Zhang Zhongshu’s mission to Korea, Chen Xiuzhuan’s mission to Goryeo, and Ling Shangbao’s mission to Jiaozhi; Korean visitors, struck by one of his allusions, exclaimed that poets of old had never used it. He was known as a distinguished academician in the Hanlin and a celebrated libationer at the Imperial Academy, with a reputation throughout the realm; criticism described his poetry as embracing both the elegant and the colloquial, accommodating different modes, and maintaining strict prosody.[10]

Works

His chuanqi plays comprise Four Works: 《五倫全備忠孝記》, 《投筆記》, 《舉鼎記》, and 《羅囊記》, the last of which is now lost. His poetry and prose collections include 《瓊臺集》 and 《瓊臺會稿》, the latter also existing in a twenty-four-juan recension.[11] His 160-juan 《大學衍義補》 expanded Zhen Dexiu’s 《大學衍義》 by drawing on a wide range of books; 《朱子學的》 is listed as a compilation by him.[12]

Other listed works include 《鹽法考略》, 《錢法纂要》, 《洛陽貴尚錄》, 《上臺類稿》, the thirty-two-juan 《世史正綱》, 《丘文莊公文集》, the eight-juan 《家禮儀節》, the one-juan 《平定交南錄》, 《瓊臺吟稿》, the fifty-two-juan 《瓊臺類稿》, 《重編瓊臺會稿》, and the twenty-four-juan 《瓊臺詩文會稿重編》.[13]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 1454 翰林院庶吉士 景泰
  2. 1456 翰林院編修 景泰
  3. 1464 經筵講官 天順
  4. 1465 翰林院侍講學士 成化
  5. 1465 翰林院侍讀學士 成化
  6. 1465 鄉試官 成化
  7. 1467 翰林院侍講學士 成化
  8. 1469 殿試讀卷官 成化
  9. 1474 翰林院侍講學士 成化
  10. 1477 國子祭酒 成化
  11. 1477 翰林院學士 成化
  12. 1480 祭酒 成化
  13. 1480 禮部右侍郎 成化
  14. 1487 副總裁 成化
  15. 1487 禮部尚書 成化
  16. 1490 殿試讀卷官 弘治
  17. 1491 太子少保 弘治
  18. 1491 文淵閣大學士 弘治
  19. 1493 殿試讀卷官 弘治
  20. 1494 太子少保 弘治
  21. 1494 少保 弘治
  22. 1494 戶部尚書 弘治
  23. 1494 武英殿大學士 弘治
  24. 1495 太傅 弘治

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
翰林院庶吉士14541456景泰
翰林院編修14561465景泰
經筵講官1464天順
翰林院侍講學士14651467成化
翰林院侍讀學士1465成化
鄉試官1465成化
翰林院侍講學士14671469成化
殿試讀卷官1469成化
翰林院侍講學士14741477成化
國子祭酒14771480成化
翰林院學士1477成化
祭酒1480成化
禮部右侍郎14801487成化
副總裁14871491成化
禮部尚書1487成化
殿試讀卷官1490弘治
太子少保1491弘治
文淵閣大學士1491弘治
殿試讀卷官1493弘治
太子少保14941495弘治
少保14941495弘治
戶部尚書14941495弘治
武英殿大學士14941495弘治
太傅1495弘治
Year unknown3
OfficeEraPosting
侍讀學士成化Unknown
掌詹事府事成化Unknown
文淵閣大學士Era unknownUnknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
曾祖丘均祿–
祖父丘普–
父丘傳–
母李氏(丘濬母)–
兄丘源–
妻子金氏(丘濬妻)–
第二任妻吳氏(丘濬繼妻)–
子丘敦–
子丘京–
子丘崑–
子丘崙–
孫丘–
曾孫; 重孫丘郊–

AliasesCBDB

  • 二 行第
  • 仲 字
  • 仲深 字
  • 伯深 字
  • 再世迂愚叟 室名、別號
  • 文莊 諡號
  • 深庵 室名、別號
  • 玉峯 室名、別號
  • 玉峯道人 室名、別號
  • 瓊山 室名、別號
  • 瓊臺 室名、別號
  • 赤玉峯道人 室名、別號
  • 邱濬 未詳

StatusCBDB

  • 戲曲作家
  • [為官者:文]
  • 博學之人
  • 經世學者
  • 好學

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
陳選欣賞/器重-9999–
王佐學生為王佐–
余靖為余靖所著書作序–
羅亨信為羅亨信所著書作序–
宗臣書序由宗臣所作–
湛若水書序由湛若水所作–
葉向高書序由葉向高所作–
何喬新墓誌銘由何喬新所作–
邢宥為邢宥作墓誌銘–
林鶚為林鶚作墓誌銘–
盛顒為盛顒作墓誌銘–
鄧顒為鄧顒作墓誌銘–
周洪謨為周洪謨作墓誌銘–
王敬為王敬作墓誌銘–
杜謙為杜謙作墓誌銘–
周晟為周晟作墓誌銘–
孫珂為孫珂作墓誌銘–
張巒為張巒作墓誌銘–
陸愷為陸愷作墓誌銘–
滕員為滕員作墓誌銘–
黃佐傳記作者為黃佐–
毛吉為毛吉作傳–
孔鏞為孔鏞作傳–
余子俊為余子俊作傳–
金紳為金紳作傳–
夏原吉為夏原吉作傳–
韓雍其政策被韓雍反對/不支持1465–
李賢為李賢作祭文–
韓雍為韓雍作祭文–
邢宥為邢宥作祭文–
王竑為王竑作祭文–
楊守陳為楊守陳作祭文–
何喬新祭文由何喬新所作–
黃潛祭文由黃潛所作–
羅玘祭文由羅玘所作–
楊寓為楊寓之書、畫作跋–
邢宥為邢宥作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
周洪謨為周洪謨作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
蔣冕為蔣冕作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
祁順為祁順作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
徐瓊為徐瓊作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
費誾為費誾作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
劉岌為劉岌作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
錢溥為錢溥作臨別贈言(送別詩、序)–
岳正臨別得到岳正所作贈言(送別詩、序)–
陳文為陳文作哀辭–
劉廣衡為劉廣衡作哀辭–
徐鑑為徐鑑作神道碑–
楊誠為楊誠作神道碑–
陶成為陶成作神道碑–
王竑為王竑作神道碑–
李浩為李浩作神道碑–
畢亨為畢亨作神道碑–
魯能為魯能作神道碑–
葉禎為葉禎作墓表–
朱梃為朱梃作墓表–
戚瀾為戚瀾作墓表–
邢宥為邢宥作畫贊(畫像記)–
蔡清被致書由蔡清–
何喬新贈詩、文–
彭誼贈詩、文–
樊冕贈詩、文–
李敏為李敏作壙記–
韓雍為韓雍所作詩文作序–
蔣冕為蔣冕所作詩文作序–
夏㫤為夏㫤所作詩文作序–
商輅為商輅所作詩文作序–
李賢獻策於李賢1465–
朱能稱道朱能之政績–

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)第二甲第一名
科舉: 鄉貢舉人
學校: 生員(庠生)

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
鹽法考略
錢法纂要
朱子學的編纂者
重編瓊臺會稿
洛陽貴尚錄
寰宇通志
宋元通鑑綱目
上臺類稿
世史正綱:三十二卷
丘文莊公文集
大學衍義補:一百六十卷撰著者
家禮儀節:八卷
平定交南錄:一卷
瓊臺吟稿
瓊臺集
瓊臺類稿:五十二卷
瓊臺詩文會稿重編:二十四卷

Citations

  1. [1] Birth and death The records give three different birth years—1418, 1420, and 1421—but consistently give 1495 as the death year.
    • CBDBQiu Jun (33202)Provides 1420 as the birth year and 1495 as the death year.
    • Souyun丘濬 (41793)The biographical entries give 1418–1495, 1420–1495, and 1421–1495 respectively.
    • WikidataQiu Jun (Q10869241)The date properties give 1421 as the birth year and 1495 as the death year.
  2. [2] Identity Qiu Jun is identified as a Ming politician, scholar, and literary and dramatic author.
    • WikidataQiu Jun (Q10869241)The description identifies him as a Chinese politician during the Ming dynasty.
    • CBDBQiu Jun (33202)The classifications include dramatist, learned person, statecraft scholar, and diligent learner.
    • Souyun丘濬 (41793)The biography describes his broad learning, poetry, and chuanqi plays.
  3. [3] Names and native place His courtesy name, sobriquets, alternate form of the name, native place, and disputed ancestral origin are all represented.
    • CBDBQiu Jun (33202)The name and address entries list his courtesy names, sobriquets, alternate form 邱濬, and Qiongshan as his native place.
    • Souyun丘濬 (41793)The biographies and hometown field locate him in present-day Haikou, Hainan, and give Jinjiang, Fujian as an ancestral origin in one account.
    • WikidataQiu Jun (Q10869241)The names list includes Zhong, Zhongshen, Boshen, Qiongtai, and the alternate Chinese form 邱濬.
  4. [4] Early life and family The biographies describe his early education and poverty, while the kinship entries provide his family names.
    • Souyun丘濬 (41793)The biographies describe his orphaned childhood, his mother’s teaching, his poverty and book borrowing, and his later learning.
    • CBDBQiu Jun (33202)The kinship entries name his ancestors, mother, brother, wives, and four sons.
  5. [5] Examinations He became the Guangdong jieyuan, entered the Imperial Academy, and passed the 1454 examination, whose placement is reported in different ways.
    • Souyun丘濬 (41793)The biographies confirm the 1454 jinshi degree and provide the jieyuan, Imperial Academy, and chuanlu details.
    • CBDBQiu Jun (33202)The examination entries give first in the second class and thirty-fourth among provincial recommended candidates.
  6. [6] Official career His official career moved from the Hanlin to the Imperial Academy, the Ministry of Rites, and the inner cabinet.
    • CBDBQiu Jun (33202)The office entries list his Hanlin, Imperial Academy, Ministry of Rites, and deputy-chief-compiler appointments.
    • Souyun丘濬 (41793)The biographies trace his promotion from compiler to minister of rites, his 1491 entry into the Wenyuan Pavilion, and his later offices.
  7. [7] Later years and posthumous honors He was excused from court because of eye disease, survived an impeachment, and received posthumous honors after dying in office.
    • Souyun丘濬 (41793)The biographies record the eye disease, impeachment, death in office, stated age, Grand Tutor title, and posthumous name.
    • CBDBQiu Jun (33202)The office and alternate-name entries provide Grand Tutor and Wenzhuang.
    • WikidataQiu Jun (Q10869241)The date property gives 1495 as the death year.
  8. [8] Scholarship and compilation His learning joined statecraft, practical use, and historical inquiry, and he worked on major historical compilations.
    • Souyun丘濬 (41793)The biographies describe his learning, statecraft principle, work on the Yingzong records, and participation in the other compilations.
    • CBDBQiu Jun (33202)The classifications identify him as a statecraft scholar, while the office and book entries supply the deputy compiler role and related titles.
  9. [9] Teacher and associates His recorded relationships include Wang Zuo as a student and Chen Xuan as a person he praised.
    • CBDBQiu Jun (33202)The association entries identify Wang Zuo in a student relationship and preserve the praise of Chen Xuan.
  10. [10] Poetry and reputation His poetry, poetic reputation, and contemporary responses to his verse are described in the literary materials.
    • Souyun丘濬 (41793)The literary entries describe his poems, the Korean response, his reputation in the Hanlin and Imperial Academy, and the assessment of his poetic style.
  11. [11] Plays and collections He wrote four chuanqi plays and several poetry and prose collections, with 《羅囊記》 lost and a twenty-four-juan recension of 《瓊臺會稿》.
    • Souyun丘濬 (41793)The biographies list the four plays, note the loss of 《羅囊記》, and identify the Qiongtai collections and the twenty-four-juan recension.
    • CBDBQiu Jun (33202)The book entries list the Qiongtai collections and the twenty-four-juan collected edition.
  12. [12] Major works 《大學衍義補》 is a 160-juan expansion of Zhen Dexiu’s work, and 《朱子學的》 is listed as his compilation.
    • Souyun丘濬 (41793)The biographies explain that he supplemented Zhen Dexiu’s work by drawing on many books.
    • CBDBQiu Jun (33202)The book entries give the 160-juan extent and list him as compiler of 《朱子學的》.
  13. [13] Other works The catalogue also lists a broad range of historical, ritual, administrative, and literary works with their recorded extents.
    • CBDBQiu Jun (33202)The catalogue lists these works and gives the recorded extents of thirty-two, eight, one, fifty-two, and twenty-four juan.