Liu Zongzhou

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

He was a native of Shanyin and had household registration in Kuaiji. His father was Liu Po, and his mother, Lady Zhang, died in 1601; the maternal grandfather is given under two written forms. His relatives included the cousin Liu Jingzhong, his son Liu Zhuo (1613–1664), and his grandson Liu Maolin.[4]

He passed the jinshi examination and ranked fifth in the third class.[5]

In 1604–1605 and again in 1612–1614 he served as xing ren si xing ren; from 1621 to 1623 he was yi zhi si zhu shi. His offices also included guang lu si cheng and shang bao si shao qing, followed by tai pu si shao qing in 1623.[6]

In 1624 he became you tong zheng; in 1629–1630 he served as the fu yin of Shuntian Prefecture, followed by gong bu zuo shi lang in 1636, li bu zuo shi lang in 1641, and zuo du yu shi in 1642 and 1644.[7]

He was marginalized by Wei Zhongxian and was at one point removed from the official registers; he died amid a national crisis in 1645.[8]

Teaching and associations

He taught disciples and established academies, charitable schools, or family schools. His friends included Yun Richu and Lü Zengshi.[9]

His students included Huang Zongxi, Huang Zongyan, Wan Tai, Zhang Zhengchen, Chen Hongshou, Zhang Lixiang, Shen Yun, Yun Richu, Zhu Yuan, and Dai Yi.[10]

He corresponded with Gao Panlong, Huang Daozhou, Qi Biaojia, and Fan Jingwen. Qiu Zhao'ao and Li Kai made his learning their object of adherence, while Li Yishi followed it as a private disciple.[11]

Works

His authored works include *Zhengren sheyue*, *Renpu*, *Yiyan*, *Yitu shuo*, *Lunyu xue'an* (ten juan), and *Renji tu* (one juan).[12]

Other authored works include *Yuanzhi*, *Huiyu* (one juan), *Zhengxue jie*, *Xueyan* (two juan), *Shengxue zongyao* (one juan), and *Renpu leiji* (two juan).[13]

Titles also associated with him include *Liu Jishan ji*, *Liuzi quanshu* (40 juan), *Liuzi quanshu buyi* (24 juan), *Liu Niantai zoushu*, and *Zhengren xiaopu*.[14]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 1604 行人司行人 萬曆
  2. 1612 行人司行人 萬曆
  3. 1621 儀制司主事 天啟
  4. 1623 太僕寺少卿 天啟
  5. 1624 右通政 天啟
  6. 1629 府尹 崇禎
  7. 1636 工部左侍郎 崇禎
  8. 1641 吏部左侍郎 崇禎
  9. 1642 左都御史 崇禎
  10. 1644 左都御史 崇禎

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
行人司行人16041605萬曆
行人司行人16121614萬曆
儀制司主事16211623天啟
太僕寺少卿1623天啟
右通政1624天啟
府尹16291630崇禎順天府
工部左侍郎1636崇禎
吏部左侍郎1641崇禎
左都御史1642崇禎
左都御史1644崇禎
Year unknown2
OfficeEraPosting
光祿寺丞Era unknownUnknown
尚寶司少卿Era unknownUnknown

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
外祖父章穎–
外祖父章頴–
父劉坡–
母章氏(劉宗周母)–1601
從弟劉竟中–
子劉汋1613–1664
孫劉茂林–

AliasesCBDB

  • 克念 室名、別號
  • 克念子 室名、別號
  • 劉憲章 别名、曾用名
  • 忠介 諡號
  • 忠正 諡號
  • 忠端 諡號
  • 念台 室名、別號
  • 念臺 室名、別號
  • 念臺先生 室名、別號
  • 正義 諡號
  • 蕺山 室名、別號
  • 蕺山先生 室名、別號
  • 起東 字

StatusCBDB

  • 死國難
  • 學者
  • 思想家
  • 削籍官員
  • [為官者:文]
  • 收徒講學
  • 建書院/義塾/家塾

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
張瑋未詳-9999–
惲日初友-9999–
呂曾榯友–
陳一亮友-9999–
吳彥芳被吳彥芳推薦–
姚氏(黃尊素妻)欣賞/器重–
徐奇門人為徐奇–
徐師仁門人為徐師仁–
秦凱門人為秦凱–
黃宗羲學生為黃宗羲–
黃宗炎學生為黃宗炎–
萬泰學生為萬泰–
章正宸學生為章正宸–
陳洪綬學生為陳洪綬–
張履祥學生為張履祥–
沈昀學生為沈昀–
惲日初學生為惲日初–
祝淵學生為祝淵–
戴易學生為戴易–
葉敦艮學生為葉敦艮–
錢寅學生為錢寅–
屠安世學生為屠安世–
鄭宏學生為鄭宏–
王毓蓍學生為王毓蓍–
林時躍學生為林時躍-9999–
葉廷秀學生為葉廷秀–
董瑒學生為董瑒–
徐廷玠學生為徐廷玠–
傅日炯學生為傅日炯–
傅商霖學生為傅商霖–
傅雨學生為傅雨–
傅均學生為傅均–
來蕃學生為來蕃–
沈靜學生為沈靜–
魏忠賢遭魏忠賢排擠–
錢德洪為錢德洪所著書作序–
盧格為盧格所著書作序–
黃宗羲弟子為黃宗羲–
毛先舒論學-9999–
毛奇齡傳記作者為毛奇齡–
邵廷采傳記作者為邵廷采–
徐如翰為徐如翰作傳-9999–
章氏(周志高妻)為章氏(周志高妻)作傳–
劉永澄為劉永澄作祭文–
吳麟徵同僚-9999–
仇兆鰲其學為仇兆鰲所宗-9999–
李開其學為李開所宗-9999–
徐芳聲教授徐芳聲–
王兆修教授王兆修–
趙廣生教授趙廣生–
周之璿教授周之璿–
華夏教授華夏-9999–
尹焞為尹焞作年譜–
黃尊素為黃尊素作年譜–
黃尊素為黃尊素作年譜–
李鄴嗣其學為李鄴嗣所私淑-9999–
堵胤錫為堵胤錫之家譜作序–
蔣士銓畫贊(畫像記)由蔣士銓所作–
李氏(劉澐妾)為李氏(劉澐妾)作畫贊(畫像記)–
祁彪佳致書祁彪佳–
章正宸致書章正宸–
黃道周致書黃道周–
黃道周致書黃道周–
朱國楨致書朱國楨–
祝淵致書祝淵–
祝淵致書祝淵–
祝淵致書祝淵–
王孫蘭致書王孫蘭–
王孫蘭致書王孫蘭–
王孫蘭致書王孫蘭–
王孫蘭致書王孫蘭–
王孫蘭致書王孫蘭–
溫體仁致書溫體仁–
劉永澄被致書由劉永澄–
高攀龍被致書由高攀龍–
祁承㸁被致書由祁承㸁–
魏大中被致書由魏大中–
魏大中被致書由魏大中–
姚希孟被致書由姚希孟–
姚希孟被致書由姚希孟–
姚希孟被致書由姚希孟–
黃道周被致書由黃道周–
張右民被致書由張右民-9999–
熊開元被致書由熊開元–
祁彪佳答祁彪佳書–
范景文答范景文書–
張履祥答張履祥書–
王朝式答王朝式書–
史孝咸答史孝咸書–
史孝咸答史孝咸書–
惲日初答惲日初書–
祝淵答祝淵書–
祝淵答祝淵書–
王孫蘭答王孫蘭書–
高攀龍收到高攀龍的答書–
高攀龍收到高攀龍的答書–
高攀龍收到高攀龍的答書–
高攀龍收到高攀龍的答書–
高攀龍收到高攀龍的答書–
黃道周收到黃道周的答書–

Showing the first 100 of 106 records; the interactive page loads the full list.

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)第3甲第5名

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
證人社約撰著者
人譜撰著者
劉蕺山集
劉子全書:四十卷
劉子全書補遺:二十四卷
劉念台奏疏
證人小譜
易衍撰著者
易圖說撰著者
論語學案 十卷撰著者
人極圖一卷撰著者
原旨撰著者
會語一卷撰著者
證學解撰著者
學言二卷撰著者
聖學宗要一卷撰著者
人譜類記二卷撰著者

Citations

  1. [1] Identity and dates The record identifies Liu Zongzhou as a Ming scholar and thinker, while the dates appear as 1578–1645 and, in another description, 1579–1645; the English description calls him a Chinese Neo-Confucian scholar.
    • CBDBLiu Zongzhou (34748)The person record gives Liu Zongzhou's name, birth and death years, Ming affiliation, and classifications as a scholar and thinker.
    • WikidataLiu Zongzhou (Q10816714)The entity entry gives the name and exact date claims 1578 and 1645, while its English description gives the alternative span 1579–1645 and identifies him as a Chinese Neo-Confucian scholar.
  2. [2] Style name and sobriquets His style name was Qidong, and the listed sobriquets include Kenian, Kenianzi, two written forms of Niantai, Niantai Xiansheng, Jishan, and Jishan Xiansheng.
    • CBDBLiu Zongzhou (34748)The name data marks Qidong as the style name and classifies the other listed forms as sobriquets or studio names.
    • WikidataLiu Zongzhou (Q10816714)The aliases field contains Qidong, Kenian, Kenianzi, Niantai, Niantai Xiansheng, Jishan, and Jishan Xiansheng, including both written forms of Niantai.
  3. [3] Former and posthumous names Liu Xianzhang is listed as a former name, while Zhongjie, Zhongzheng, Zhongduan, and Zhengyi are listed as posthumous names.
    • CBDBLiu Zongzhou (34748)The name data classifies Liu Xianzhang as a former name and Zhongjie, Zhongzheng, Zhongduan, and Zhengyi as posthumous names.
    • WikidataLiu Zongzhou (Q10816714)The aliases field also contains Liu Xianzhang and the four listed posthumous names.
  4. [4] Place and family He was from Shanyin and registered in Kuaiji; the family data gives his parents, the two written forms of his maternal grandfather's name, his cousin, his son with dates, and his grandson.
    • CBDBLiu Zongzhou (34748)The address and kinship data provide Shanyin, Kuaiji, Liu Po, Lady Zhang, the two maternal-grandfather forms, Liu Jingzhong, Liu Zhuo with his dates, and Liu Maolin.
  5. [5] Examination He passed the jinshi examination and was ranked fifth in the third class.
    • CBDBLiu Zongzhou (34748)The examination entry identifies him as a jinshi and gives the rank as third class, fifth place.
  6. [6] Early offices He held two periods as xing ren si xing ren, served as yi zhi si zhu shi from 1621 to 1623, and also held the offices guang lu si cheng, shang bao si shao qing, and tai pu si shao qing in 1623.
    • CBDBLiu Zongzhou (34748)The office data gives the two periods as xing ren si xing ren, the 1621–1623 period as yi zhi si zhu shi, and the additional offices including tai pu si shao qing in 1623.
  7. [7] Later offices He later held you tong zheng, served as fu yin of Shuntian Prefecture, and held the senior offices gong bu zuo shi lang, li bu zuo shi lang, and zuo du yu shi.
    • CBDBLiu Zongzhou (34748)The office data lists you tong zheng in 1624, fu yin of Shuntian Prefecture in 1629–1630, the two ministries' zuo shi lang posts in 1636 and 1641, and zuo du yu shi in 1642 and 1644.
  8. [8] Marginalization and death He was associated with Wei Zhongxian's marginalization, was classified as a delisted official, and was associated with dying in a national crisis in 1645.
    • CBDBLiu Zongzhou (34748)The association data links him with Wei Zhongxian through a marginalization relation, while the status and main records give delisting, death in a national crisis, and the year 1645.
    • WikidataLiu Zongzhou (Q10816714)The entity description and death-date claim both give 1645 as the death year.
  9. [9] Teaching and friendship He taught disciples, established academies and different kinds of schools, and was associated as a friend with Yun Richu and Lü Zengshi.
    • CBDBLiu Zongzhou (34748)The status data records teaching and school-building activities, while the association data identifies Yun Richu and Lü Zengshi as friends.
  10. [10] Students The listed students include Huang Zongxi, Huang Zongyan, Wan Tai, Zhang Zhengchen, Chen Hongshou, Zhang Lixiang, Shen Yun, Yun Richu, Zhu Yuan, and Dai Yi.
  11. [11] Correspondence and transmission The association data connects him by letters with Gao Panlong, Huang Daozhou, Qi Biaojia, and Fan Jingwen; it also says that Qiu Zhao'ao and Li Kai followed his learning and that Li Yishi privately followed it.
    • CBDBLiu Zongzhou (34748)The association data records letters sent or received with the four correspondents and separately identifies Qiu Zhao'ao and Li Kai as adherents of his learning and Li Yishi as a private follower.
  12. [12] Works one The works list assigns authorship of *Zhengren sheyue*, *Renpu*, *Yiyan*, *Yitu shuo*, *Lunyu xue'an*, and *Renji tu* to Liu Zongzhou.
    • CBDBLiu Zongzhou (34748)The works data marks the six named titles as authored works and gives their titles and volume information where present.
  13. [13] Works two The works list also assigns authorship of *Yuanzhi*, *Huiyu*, *Zhengxue jie*, *Xueyan*, *Shengxue zongyao*, and *Renpu leiji* to Liu Zongzhou.
    • CBDBLiu Zongzhou (34748)The works data marks these additional six titles as authored works and gives their titles and volume information where present.
  14. [14] Other associated titles Other titles associated with him include *Liu Jishan ji*, *Liuzi quanshu*, *Liuzi quanshu buyi*, *Liu Niantai zoushu*, and *Zhengren xiaopu*.
    • CBDBLiu Zongzhou (34748)The works data also lists these five titles without assigning an authorship role in the displayed role field.