Shi Runzhang

TimelineCBDB

1. 1656 學政
2. 1681 鄉試考官

Office recordsCBDB

FamilyCBDB

AliasesCBDB

• 上白 字
• 夢愚堂 室名、別號
• 學餘堂 室名、別號
• 寄雲樓 未詳
• 尚白 字
• 屺山 未詳
• 屺雲 字
• 愚山 室名、別號
• 愚山先生 室名、別號
• 愚道人 室名、別號
• 愧蘿居士 室名、別號
• 施佛子 未詳
• 獨樹軒 室名、別號
• 玉溪外史 未詳
• 矩齋 室名、別號
• 蠖齋 未詳

StatusCBDB

• [為官者：文]

AssociationsCBDB

ExaminationsCBDB

WorksCBDB

Citations

1. [1] Dates and identity Shi Runzhang was born in 1618 and died in 1683; 1619 is also given as his birth year. He was a late-Ming and early-Qing official, scholar, and poet.
   • CBDBShi Runzhang (35186)The basic record gives the name Shi Runzhang, birth year 1618, death year 1683, and Qing affiliation.
   • Souyun施閏章 (56443)The biographical entries give 1618–1683, also give 1619–1683 in one entry, and identify him as a Qing official and poet.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database施閏章 (A011672)The authority record places his birth in 1618 and death in 1683 and calls him an early-Qing scholar.
   • WikidataShi Runzhang (Q11085302)The item identifies him as Shi Runzhang and as a late-Ming and early-Qing official and poet, with date statements for 1619, 1618, and 1683.
2. [2] Names and style names His courtesy names are Shangbai and Qiyun, with Shangbai also written 上白; his style names include Yushan, Huozhai, and Juzhai.
   • CBDBShi Runzhang (35186)The name list gives Shangbai, the forms 尚白 and 上白, Qiyun, Yushan, Huozhai, and Juzhai, and marks the principal courtesy names.
   • Souyun施閏章 (56443)The biographical entries list Shangbai, Qiyun, Yushan, Huozhai, and Juzhai as his names and sobriquets.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database施閏章 (A011672)The authority record supplies the Chinese forms and pinyin for Yushan, Qiyun, Huozhai, and Juzhai.
   • WikidataShi Runzhang (Q11085302)The item’s alias list includes the Chinese style names and their romanized forms used here.
3. [3] Birthplace Shi Runzhang was a native of Xuancheng in Jiangnan, now in Anhui.
   • CBDBShi Runzhang (35186)The basic address record gives Xuancheng as his native place.
   • Souyun施閏章 (56443)The biographical entries place him in Jiangnan Xuancheng, now belonging to Anhui.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database施閏章 (A011672)The authority record identifies Xuancheng as his birthplace.
4. [4] Family background Both of his grandfathers are described as scholars of lixue, while the kinship data names his grandfather as 施鸿猷 and his father as 施𧦴.
   • Souyun施閏章 (56443)The literary biography says that both grandfathers were scholars of lixue.
   • CBDBShi Runzhang (35186)The kinship list names the grandfather as 施鸿猷 and the father as 施𧦴.
5. [5] Descendants The kinship list identifies 徐珠淵 as a concubine, 施彥恪 and 施彥湻 as sons, and 施瑮 as a grandson born in 1673.
   • CBDBShi Runzhang (35186)The kinship list identifies the concubine, two sons, and grandson together with the grandson’s birth year 1673.
6. [6] Early education At eighteen, Shi passed the xiucai examination and studied under Shen Shoumin and Zhou Gao, both associated with the Fushe movement.
   • Souyun施閏章 (56443)The biographical entry says that he passed the xiucai examination at eighteen and studied under Shen Shoumin and Zhou Gao of the Fushe circle.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database施閏章 (A011672)The authority note confirms his early study under Shen Shoumin and Zhou Gao.
   • CBDBShi Runzhang (35186)The association data links Shen Shoumin to Shi as a student-teacher relationship.
7. [7] Early official career Shi passed the jinshi examination in 1649, entered the Ministry of Punishments, served as Shandong educational commissioner in 1656, and later held Jiangxi and Huxi posts with a record of effective administration.
   • CBDBShi Runzhang (35186)The examination and office data give his jinshi status and his 1656 appointment as Shandong educational commissioner.
   • Souyun施閏章 (56443)The biographies give the 1649 jinshi degree, appointment in the Ministry of Punishments, Jiangxi provincial administration, Huxi assignment, and political achievements.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database施閏章 (A011672)The authority note lists the 1649 jinshi degree, Ministry of Punishments post, Shandong educational commission, Jiangxi provincial administration, and Huxi assignment.
8. [8] Return and Boxue Hongci examination Shi returned home in 1667. The year of his summons to the Boxue Hongci examination is given both as Shunzhi 18, or 1661, and Kangxi 18, or 1679; he placed fourth in the second class, became a Hanlin expositor, joined the compilation of the Ming History, and later served as a reader.
   • Souyun施閏章 (56443)The biographies give the conflicting Shunzhi-eighteenth-year and Kangxi-eighteenth-year dates and describe the examination result, Hanlin appointment, Ming History compilation, and readership.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database施閏章 (A011672)The authority note describes his return, renewed summons to the examination, work on the Ming History, and Hanlin readership.
   • CBDBShi Runzhang (35186)The examination entry gives the Boxue Hongci examination and fourth place, while the office list gives the Hanlin lecturing post.
9. [9] Late career and death The office data gives a 1681 Henan provincial-examination appointment; the biographies give his 1683 transfer to readership and death in that year.
   • CBDBShi Runzhang (35186)The office data gives the 1681 Henan provincial-examination post and the basic record gives his death year as 1683.
   • Souyun施閏章 (56443)The biographies state that he became a reader in 1683 and died in the same year.
   • DILA Buddhist Authority Database施閏章 (A011672)The authority record places his death in 1683.
10. [10] Associates and students The association data names Mao Qiling, Mei Wending, Tang Bin, and Wang Shizhen as friends and Hong Sheng as a student; a literary entry also mentions Hong Fangsi as his disciple.
    • CBDBShi Runzhang (35186)The association data classifies Mao Qiling, Mei Wending, Tang Bin, and Wang Shizhen as friends and Hong Sheng as a student.
    • Souyun施閏章 (56443)The poetry commentary calls Hong Fangsi his disciple and says that Hong asked him about poetic technique.
11. [11] Learning and Xuancheng style Shi was broadly learned, wrote pure and elegant prose, excelled particularly in poetry, and presided over southeastern literary circles for decades, giving rise to the name Xuancheng style.
    • Souyun施閏章 (56443)The biographies describe his elegant prose, accomplishment in poetry, and decades of leadership in southeastern literary circles known as the Xuancheng style.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database施閏章 (A011672)The authority note describes his broad learning and skill in poetry and prose.
12. [12] Poetic reputation and style Shi was paired with Song Wan as Southern Shi and Northern Song, included among the Seven Masters of Yantai, and characterized by a gentle and sincere poetic manner with repeated echoes and the spirit of the fengren.
    • Souyun施閏章 (56443)The biographies and poetry criticism identify the Southern Shi and Northern Song pairing, the Seven Masters of Yantai, and the gentle, sincere, echoing poetic style.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database施閏章 (A011672)The authority note confirms his equal reputation with Song Wan under the Southern Shi and Northern Song name.
13. [13] Classical prose and scholarship His classical prose followed Ouyang Xiu and Su Shi, and he was especially noted for essays analyzing lixue and discussing historical writing.
    • Souyun施閏章 (56443)The literary entry names Ouyang Xiu and Su Shi as his models and singles out his discussions of lixue and historical compilation.
14. [14] Later critical reception A later poetic assessment places Shi alongside Zheng Zhen and Yao Nai as Qing poets of three generations, while the account of Pu Songling’s Yanzhi praises Shi as the examiner who examined Pu.
    • Souyun施閏章 (56443)The biographical entry describes Zhang Yuzhao’s ranking of Shi with Zheng Zhen and Yao Nai and Pu Songling’s praise in volume 10 of Liaozhai zhiyi.
15. [15] Collected writings The collected writings include the Xueyutang prose, poetry, and outer collections, with the listed volumes of 28, 50, four, and six juan.
    • CBDBShi Runzhang (35186)The title list gives the four-juan separate collection, six-juan surviving collection, two-juan outer collection, 28-juan prose collection, and 50-juan poetry collection.
    • Souyun施閏章 (56443)The biographies list the Xueyutang collections and give the 28-, 50-, four-, and six-juan sizes.
    • DILA Buddhist Authority Database施閏章 (A011672)The authority note lists the Xueyutang prose, poetry, and outer collections.
16. [16] Other works The biographies and title list give the works 試院冰淵, 青原志略補輯, 矩齋雜記, and 蠖齋詩話, with a variant title 蠖集詩話.
    • Souyun施閏章 (56443)The biographies list Shiyuan Bingyuan, Qingyuan zhilüe buji, Juzhai zaji, and Huozhai shihua.
    • CBDBShi Runzhang (35186)The title list gives 矩齋雜記, 蠖集詩話, 試院冰淵, and 青原志略補輯, showing the title variation.
17. [17] Additional titles Additional titles associated with Shi include 硯林述遺, 端谿硯品, 雙谿草堂集, 硯林拾遺, 擬明史, 擬明史稿, 施愚山先生全集, and 愚山詩文集.
    • CBDBShi Runzhang (35186)The title list includes 擬明史, 擬明史稿, 施愚山先生全集, 愚山詩文集, 硯林述遺, 端谿硯品, 雙谿草堂集, and 硯林拾遺.