Liu Yuxi

出自全球本体聚合平台

公开 可引用 更新于 2026-09-13

Life

During the An Lushan Rebellion, Liu Yuxi’s family moved to Jiaxing, and he later described himself as having spent his youth in Jiangnan. His grandfather was Liu Yun (劉雲), his father Liu Xu (劉緒); his father-in-law was Xue Jian (薛謇), and his son was Liu Chengyong (劉承雍).[2]

He passed the jinshi examination in 793 and also the Boxue Hongci examination; in 795 he passed the Ministry of Personnel selection examination and received the post of Palace Text Corrector (太子校書郎). He subsequently served as secretary to the military governors of Xusi-Hao and Huainan, as Weinan county secretary, and as Investigating Censor.[3]

In 805, the first year of Yongzhen, he became a Court Gentleman for State Farms, a director of the Salt and Iron Section, and a judge attached to the commissioner for determining rites, while taking part in Wang Shuwen’s political reform as a central figure. After the reform failed, he was demoted. Accounts differ over the sequence: one places the appointment as Commandant of Langzhou before that as Prefect of Lianzhou, while another reverses the order; both offices appear in the appointment history from 805 onward.[4]

Recalled to court in 815, he was sent out again as Prefect of Bozhou and then transferred to Lianzhou after his poetry was judged satirical; during the Changqing and Baoli eras he served as Prefect of Kuizhou and Hezhou. At the beginning of the Wenzong reign, he returned to court and successively held the posts of Chief Minister of Guests in the Eastern Capital, Chief Minister of Guests, Academician of the Jixian Hall, Auxiliary Academician of the Jixian Hall, and Gentleman of the Ministry of Rites, before serving as prefect of Suzhou, Ruzhou, and Tongzhou.[5]

Pei Du recommended him as a Grand Master of the Heir Apparent and as Acting Minister of Rites; in 836 he became Grand Master of the Heir Apparent in charge of the Eastern Capital, later serving as Director of the Palace Library, and became known as Liu Binke and Liu Shangshu. Early in the Wuzong reign he received the concurrent title of Acting Minister of Rites, and in 841 he served as Minister of Rites. He died in Luoyang in 842 at the age of seventy-one; the office of Minister of Revenue is variously presented as an appointment in that year or as a posthumous grant.[6]

Literature and thought

Liu Yuxi was known for poetry and prose, and his philosophical writing was also highly regarded; Bai Juyi praised him as a poetic hero. He was also an active participant in the Tang古文 movement. About eight hundred poems survive, and critics especially valued his seven-character regulated verse, quatrains, and short yuefu pieces.[7]

His poetics held that allusions in poetry should have identifiable sources; this principle was embraced by the Jiangxi school of Song poetry, and some of his works were regarded as helping to open its way. He adapted folk-song forms in such series as 《竹枝詞》, 《柳枝詞》, and 《插田歌》, also wrote 《天論》, and inspired later imitations of 《竹枝詞》.[8]

Works and transmission

Works attributed to him include 《劉賓客文集》, 《因論》, 《傳信方》, 《劉白唱和集》, 《劉禹錫集》, 《吳蜀集》, and 《汝洛集》, as well as 《天論》. 《劉禹錫集》 comprised forty volumes, of which ten were lost in the early Song; 《劉夢得文集》, also called 《劉賓客文集》, was among the circulating editions. 《全唐詩》 arranged his poems in twelve volumes, while 《全唐詩外編》 and 《全唐詩續拾》 added six poems and five fragmentary lines; more than forty ci lyrics survive.[9]

Associations and influence

In his early years Liu Yuxi was a literary friend of Liu Zongyuan, and later he exchanged poems with Bai Juyi; together with Liu Zongyuan and Bai Juyi he was known as Liu–Liu and Liu–Bai. He was also a friend of Han Yu, and his association with Liu Zongyuan included collegial service, poetic exchange, and the composition of a sacrificial text. He served in Du You’s staff as a Huainan military-governor’s aide, while Wang Shuwen acted as his patron and valued him. His use of argument in poetry and insistence on sourced allusions influenced the later Jiangxi school.[10]

TimelineCBDB

  1. 795 太子校書郎 貞元
  2. 800 節度使掌書記 貞元
  3. 800 節度使掌書記 貞元
  4. 802 縣主簿 貞元
  5. 803 監察御史 貞元
  6. 805 判度支鹽鐵案 貞元
  7. 805 司馬 永貞
  8. 805 屯田員外郎 貞元
  9. 805 州刺史 永貞
  10. 805 詳定禮儀使判官 貞元
  11. 815 州刺史 元和
  12. 815 州刺史 元和
  13. 822 州刺史 長慶
  14. 824 州刺史 長慶
  15. 828 主客郎中 大和
  16. 828 主客郎中分司東都 大和
  17. 828 集賢殿直學士 大和
  18. 829 禮部郎中 大和
  19. 829 集賢殿學士 大和
  20. 831 州刺史 大和
  21. 834 州刺史 大和
  22. 835 州刺史 大和
  23. 836 太子賓客分司東都 開成
  24. 840 秘書監 開成
  25. 841 禮部尚書 會昌
  26. 842 戶部尚書 會昌

Office recordsCBDB

OfficeFromToEraPosting
太子校書郎795796貞元長安
節度使掌書記800800貞元徐泗濠軍節度
節度使掌書記800802貞元淮南道
縣主簿802803貞元渭南
監察御史803805貞元長安
判度支鹽鐵案805805貞元長安
司馬805814永貞朗州
屯田員外郎805805貞元長安
州刺史805805永貞連州
詳定禮儀使判官805805貞元長安
州刺史815815元和播州
州刺史815819元和連州
州刺史822824長慶夔州
州刺史824828長慶和縣
主客郎中828828大和長安
主客郎中分司東都828828大和洛陽
集賢殿直學士828829大和長安
禮部郎中829831大和長安
集賢殿學士829831大和長安
州刺史831834大和蘇州
州刺史834835大和汝州
州刺史835836大和同州、馮翊
太子賓客分司東都836842開成洛陽
秘書監840840開成洛陽
禮部尚書841842會昌洛陽
戶部尚書842842會昌洛陽

FamilyCBDB

RelationNameLife
祖父劉雲–757
父劉緒–
岳父薛謇749–815
子劉承雍–

AliasesCBDB

  • 劉二八 行第
  • 劉賓客 未詳
  • 夢得 字

StatusCBDB

  • 書法家
  • 儒學
  • 詩人
  • 文人
  • [為官者:文]

AssociationsCBDB

PersonRelationYears
杜佑恩主是杜佑831–
王叔文恩主是王叔文831–
韓愈友–
柳宗元友–
白居易友–
元稹友–
令狐楚友–
王叔文友–
韋執誼友831–
桂仲武友–
張岧友–
柳宗元同年友–
竇羣被竇羣彈劾–
王叔文被王叔文欣賞/器重–
柳宗元與柳宗元結黨–
王叔文與王叔文結黨–
柳宗元相唱和–
柳宗元為柳宗元作祭文–
柳宗元同僚–
白居易被致書由白居易–
張九齡贈詩、文–
韓愈贈詩、文–
李吉甫贈詩、文–
柳宗元贈詩、文–
劉三復贈詩、文–
張籍贈詩、文–
李德裕贈詩、文–
賀知章贈詩、文–
房琯贈詩、文–
李隆基(唐玄宗)贈詩、文–
段文昌贈詩、文–
楊於陵贈詩、文–
楊汝士贈詩、文–
楊虞卿贈詩、文–
楊憑贈詩、文–
武元衡贈詩、文–
張薦贈詩、文–
張又新贈詩、文–
牛僧孺贈詩、文–
崔玄亮贈詩、文–
白居易贈詩、文–
元稹贈詩、文–
崔邠贈詩、文–
杜鴻漸贈詩、文–
李絳贈詩、文–
鄭餘慶贈詩、文–
鄭澣贈詩、文–
李益贈詩、文–
韋執誼贈詩、文–
釋廣宣贈詩、文–
王建贈詩、文–
王彥威贈詩、文–
王起贈詩、文–
王涯贈詩、文–
王播贈詩、文–
馮宿贈詩、文–
呂溫贈詩、文–
李紳贈詩、文–
李適贈詩、文–
李逢吉贈詩、文–
李程贈詩、文–
李渤贈詩、文–
楊巨源贈詩、文–
楊敬之贈詩、文–
楊嗣復贈詩、文–
釋靈澈贈詩、文–
姚合贈詩、文–
錢徽贈詩、文–
高元裕贈詩、文–
郭子儀贈詩、文–
唐扶贈詩、文–
崔立之贈詩、文–
庾承宣贈詩、文–
竇庠贈詩、文–
竇常贈詩、文–
竇羣贈詩、文–
蔡京贈詩、文–
裴度贈詩、文–
薛濤贈詩、文–
高霞寓贈詩、文–
渾瑊贈詩、文–
董侹贈詩、文–
韋皋贈詩、文–
高釴贈詩、文–
裴垍贈詩、文–
李昂贈詩、文–
王質贈詩、文–
馬逢贈詩、文–
于興宗贈詩、文–
于頔贈詩、文–
韓泰贈詩、文–
裴潾贈詩、文–
李播贈詩、文–
許孟容贈詩、文–
嚴休復贈詩、文–
楊歸厚贈詩、文–
裴堪贈詩、文–
源寂贈詩、文–
張登贈詩、文–
韓曄贈詩、文–

Showing the first 100 of 223 records; the interactive page loads the full list.

ExaminationsCBDB

RecordRank
科舉: 進士(籠統)
科舉制舉: 博學鴻詞/博學宏詞科

WorksCBDB

TitleRoleYearEra
劉賓客文集撰著者
因論撰著者
傳信方撰著者
劉白唱和集撰著者
劉禹錫集撰著者
吳蜀集撰著者
汝洛集撰著者

Citations

  1. [1] Identity, style, and origins Liu Yuxi lived from 772 to 842 and is identified as a Tang writer, poet, and philosopher; he styled himself Mengde, was ranked twenty-eighth, and was associated with Luoyang and several ancestral origins.
    • CBDBLiu Yuxi (33606)The biographical, alias, and address entries provide his name, dates, Tang identity, literary status, style names, and the Luoyang, Pengcheng, Zhongshan, and Jiangnan affiliations.
    • Souyun劉禹錫 (14603)The profile and biographical entries give his dates, style name, rank among siblings, Luoyang origin, and claimed Zhongshan descent.
    • WikidataLiu Yuxi (Q706837)The summary identifies him as a Chinese writer and philosopher of 772–842 and lists Mengde and Liu Binke among his aliases.
  2. [2] Family and displacement The biography places the family in Jiaxing during the An Lushan Rebellion and lists Liu Yun, Liu Xu, Xue Jian, and Liu Chengyong in the stated family relationships.
    • Souyun劉禹錫 (14603)The biographical entry describes the family’s move to Jiaxing and Liu Yuxi’s statement about being a youth in Jiangnan.
    • CBDBLiu Yuxi (33606)The kinship entries identify his grandfather, father, father-in-law, and son by the names given in the article.
  3. [3] Examinations and early career Liu Yuxi passed the jinshi and Boxue Hongci examinations, entered the Ministry of Personnel selection in 795, received the Palace Text Corrector post, and then held the listed early offices.
    • CBDBLiu Yuxi (33606)The examination and appointment entries list the two examinations, the 795 Palace Text Corrector appointment, and the Xusi-Hao, Huainan, Weinan, and censorial posts.
    • Souyun劉禹錫 (14603)The biographical entries jointly describe the 793 examinations and the beginning of his official career.
  4. [4] Reform and demotion The sources place Liu Yuxi in the Yongzhen reform and record differing sequences for his Lianzhou and Langzhou demotions.
    • CBDBLiu Yuxi (33606)The appointment entries list the Yongzhen offices and both the 805 Lianzhou and Langzhou appointments without resolving their sequence.
    • Souyun劉禹錫 (14603)The biographical accounts describe Wang Shuwen’s reform, the failure and demotion, and the two different sequences for Lianzhou and Langzhou.
  5. [5] Middle and later career The appointments and biographies record his recall and successive provincial, court, academic, and prefectural offices from 815 through the Wenzong reign.
    • CBDBLiu Yuxi (33606)The appointment entries list the 815 Bozhou and Lianzhou posts, the Kuizhou and Hezhou posts, and the Wenzong-era court and prefectural offices.
    • Souyun劉禹錫 (14603)The biographies describe the 815 recall, the satirical-poetry episode, the transfer from Bozhou to Lianzhou, and the Wenzong-era appointments.
  6. [6] Final offices and death Pei Du’s recommendation, the late appointments, death in Luoyang, age seventy-one, and the two presentations of the Minister of Revenue title are all stated in the evidence.
    • CBDBLiu Yuxi (33606)The appointment, alias, and address entries list the Eastern Capital grand mastership, Palace Library, Ministers of Rites and Revenue, and the 842 Luoyang place of death.
    • Souyun劉禹錫 (14603)The biographies describe Pei Du’s recommendation, the Liu Binke title, the Kaicheng grand mastership, his death at seventy-one, and the posthumous Minister of Revenue grant.
  7. [7] Literary achievement The literary entries describe Liu Yuxi’s poetry, prose, philosophy, poetic-hero reputation, participation in the Tang古文 movement, surviving poems, and the forms most often praised.
    • Souyun劉禹錫 (14603)The literary entries and historical assessments describe his poetry, prose, philosophy, poetic-hero reputation, participation in the Tang古文 movement, approximate poetic corpus, and favored forms.
    • WikidataLiu Yuxi (Q706837)The English summary identifies him as a Chinese writer and philosopher of 772–842.
  8. [8] Poetics and folk-song forms His theory of sourced allusion and argumentative poetry was associated with the Jiangxi school, while his folk-song-style series and Tianlun are specifically named.
    • Souyun劉禹錫 (14603)The poetry discussion records his insistence on sourced allusion, the later Jiangxi-school connection, his folk-song-style series, Tianlun, and later imitations of Zhuzhi ci.
  9. [9] Works and transmission The work lists, collection histories, Tang poetry compilations, supplements, and surviving ci lyrics are all represented in the paragraph.
    • CBDBLiu Yuxi (33606)The works entries list the seven attributed titles, including the collected works, exchange collection, essays, and other books.
    • Souyun劉禹錫 (14603)The literary entries supply Tianlun, the forty-volume collection and its losses, the circulating collection title, Tang-poetry volume and supplement figures, and the surviving ci count.
  10. [10] Associations and influence The social-network entries and biographies describe Liu Yuxi’s literary friendships, service under Du You, Wang Shuwen’s patronage, and the later Jiangxi-school influence of his poetics.
    • CBDBLiu Yuxi (33606)The social entries identify Du You, Wang Shuwen, Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, and Bai Juyi and specify patronage, friendship, poetic exchange, collegial service, a sacrificial text, and the Liu-Bai collection.
    • Souyun劉禹錫 (14603)The biographies describe the Liu-Liu and Liu-Bai pairings, Du You’s staff, and the associated literary relationships.